History
The Awash River flows through the south and western parts of this zone, periodically flooding during the June-to-September rainy season. During 1996, the river flooded parts of Bure Mudaytu and Gewane woredas, but a UNDP team dispatched to survey the area failed to find significant damage. [3] However, in August 1999, a planned release of waters from the Koka Reservoir resulted in flooding by the Awash—although an investigation afterwards showed the flooding was caused by dike failures and silting of the Awash, especially around Melka Were. Approximately 5,000 hectares (19 sq mi) of cropland from 12 rural kebeles in Amibara and 3 rural kebeles in Dulecha were affected. [4] The Awash flooded again 16 August 2006, displacing 15,000 people and damaging 400 hectares (1.5 sq mi) planted in cotton, corn, onions and sesame. [5]
In June 2002, the Afar, the Issa Somali, and the Ittu Oromo engaged in armed clashes in Gewane, Amibara, and Awash Fentale woredas over drought-diminished grazing resources. As a result, the traditional division of work was ignored: women no longer tended livestock and men guarded their herds with weapons. Pastoral groups from this zone concentrated in the Awash lowlands, which forced pastoral groups from Zone 5 to move west and compete with the Argobba. [6]
Demographics
Based on the 2007 Census conducted by the Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia (CSA), this zone has a total population of 198,751, of whom 108,995 are men and 89,756 women. While 54,328 or 27.33% are urban inhabitants, a further 24,075 or 12.11% were pastoralists. The seven largest ethnic groups reported in Zone 3 were the Afar (64.78%), the Amhara (12.01%), the Argobba (10.72%), the Wolayta (4.05%), the Oromo (2.75%), the Hadiya (1.25%), and the Kambaata (1.19%). All other ethnic groups made up 3.25% of the population. The Afar language is spoken as a first language by 64.66% of the population, Amharic by 22.25%, Argobba by 5.42%, Wolaytta by (2.89%), and Oromo by (1.51%). The remaining 3.27% spoke all other primary languages reported. 81.3% of the population said they were Muslim, 13.8% were Orthodox Christians, and 4.45% were Protestants. [7]
The 1996, the national census reported a total population for this Zone of 150,346, of whom 82,657 were men and 67,689 women; 36,929 or 24.56% of its population were urban dwellers at the time. The major ethnic groupings in 1996 were 70.8% Afar, 10.43% Amhara, 6.43% Argobba, 3.82% Oromo, and 3.14% Welayta. Of the school-age school-age children, 7.35% (8.22% male and 6.29% female) were currently attending school, which is higher than the Regional average; 19.84% of the total population over the age of 10 (22.75% male and 16.33% female) are reported to be literate. [8]
The Harari Region, officially the Harari People's National Regional State, is a regional state in eastern Ethiopia, covering the homeland of the Harari people. Formerly named Region 13, its capital is Harar. Harari is the smallest regional state in Ethiopia in both land area and population. Harari and Oromo are the two official languages of the region. The region was created by splitting the Hundane district from East Hararghe Zone where Harari enclaved by Oromia
The Afar Region, formerly known as Region 2, is a regional state in northeastern Ethiopia and the homeland of the Afar people. Its capital is the planned city of Semera, which lies on the paved Awash–Assab highway.
South Wollo is one of 10 Zones in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. It acquired its name from the former province of Wollo.
Oromia Zone is a zone in Amhara Region of Ethiopia. Oromia is named for the Oromo people, who settled along the edge of the Ethiopian Highlands that form this Zone. Oromia Zone is bordered on the southwest by North Shewa Zone, on the northwest by South Wollo and Argobba special woreda, and on the east by the Afar Region. The Zone conists of 7 Woredas which are Artuma Fursi, Bati, Bati Town, Dewa Cheffa, Dewa Harewa, Jilye Tumuga and Kemisie town. Kamisee is the administrative center of the Zone.
Awsi Rasu is a zone in Afar Region of Ethiopia. This zone is bordered on the south by Administrative Zone 3, on the southwest by Administrative Zone 5, on the west by the Amhara Region, on the northwest by Administrative Zone 4, on the north by Administrative Zone 2, on the northeast by Eritrea, and on the east by Djibouti.
Amibara is one of the Districts of Ethiopia, or woredas in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Administrative Zone 3, Amibara is bordered on the south by Awash Fentale, on the west by the Awash River which separates it from Dulecha, on the northwest by the Administrative Zone 5, on the north by Gewane, on the east by the Somali Region, and on the southeast by Oromia Region. Towns in Amibara include Awash Arba, Awash Sheleko, Melka Sedi and Melka Were.
Dulecha is one of the Districts of Ethiopia, or woredas, in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Administrative Zone 3, Dulecha is bordered on the south by Awash Fentale, on the west by the Argobba special woreda, on the north by the Administrative Zone 5, and on the east by the Awash River which separates it from Amibara. The largest settlement in Dulecha is Dulecha.
Bure Mudaytu is one of the Districts of Ethiopia, or woredas in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Administrative Zone 3, Bure Mudaytu stretches along a narrow band covering the marshy lowlands along the Awash River, with the Administrative Zone 5 to the west and Gewane to the east. The administrative center of this woreda is Debel.
Alamata is a woreda in Tigray Region, Ethiopia. Part of the Debubawi Zone, Alamata is bordered on the south and west by the Amhara Region, on the northwest by Ofla, and on the northeast by Raya Azebo. Towns in Alamata include Waja. The city of Alamata is a separate entity and is surrounded by Alamata woreda.
Kalu also known as Harbu is one of the woredas in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Debub Wollo Zone, Kalu is bordered on the west by Dessie Zuria, on the north by Were Babu, on the south and east by the Oromia Zone, on the southeast by Argobba special woreda, and on the southwest by Abuko. The administrative center for this woreda is Harbu; other towns in Kalu include Ancharo, Gerba, and Degan. A highway linking Kombolcha and Afar bisects Kalu to two parts.
Were Ilu ; or Bete Giyorgis is a woreda in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. This woreda is named for one of the "Houses" or subgroups of the Wollo Oromo that used to govern the area and is still located there. Part of the Debub Wollo Zone, Were Ilu is bordered on the southwest by Jama, on the west by Legahida, on the northwest by Legambo, on the north by Dessie Zuria, on the east by the Abuko, and on the southeast by the Wanchet which separates it from the Semien Shewa Zone. Towns in Were Ilu include Kabe, Were Ilu and Weyin Amba; a historic landmark is Mekane Selassie, the site of a church destroyed by Imam Ahmad Gragn. The woreda of Legahida was separated from Were Ilu.
Kewet is a woreda in Amhara Region, Ethiopia. Part of the Semien Shewa Zone, Kewet is bordered on the southwest by Termaber, on the northwest by Menz Mam Midir, on the north by Efratana Gidim, and on the east by Afar Region. The major town in Kewet is Shewa Robit.
Termaber is a woreda in Amhara Region, Ethiopia. It includes a homonymous mountain pass and road tunnel. Located at the eastern edge of the Ethiopian Highlands in the Semien Shewa Zone, Termaber is bordered on the south by Ankober, on the southwest by Basona Werana, on the west by Mojana Wadera, on the northwest by Menz Mam Midir, on the northeast by Kewet, and on the southeast by the Afar Region. Towns in this woreda include Debre Sina and Doqaqit.
Mieso is a woreda in Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Part of the West Hararghe Zone, Mieso is bordered on the south by Guba Koricha, on the west by the Afar Region, on the north by the Somali Region, on the east by Doba and on the southeast by Chiro. Towns in Mieso include Arba Bordode, Asabot, Kora, Mieso and Mulu.
Moyale(Oromo: Moyyaalee) is one of the Districtss in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. It is named after the administrative center of the woreda, Moyale. Located in the southeast corner of the Borena Zone, Moyale is bordered on the south by Kenya, on the west by Dire, on the northwest by Arero, on the north by the Dawa River which separates it from Liben, and on the east by Dawa Zone Somali Region.
Gewane is a town in north-eastern Ethiopia. Located in Administrative Zone 3 of the Afar Region, it has an elevation of 618 meters above sea level. Gewane is locally known as New Gewane, 2 kilometers east of the original settlement known as Old Gewane; the town was relocated astride the main, all-weather highway. It is the administrative center of Gewane woreda.
Dawa Harewa is a district located in the Oromia Zone of the Amhara region of Ethiopia. Dawa Harewa is bordered on the south by Artuma Fursi, on the west by Dawa Chaffa, on the northwest by the Argobba special woreda, on the northeast by Baati, and on the east by the Afar Region. Towns in Dawa Harewa include Bora. Dawa Harewa was part of former Chaffa Gola Dewerahmedo woreda.
Baati is a district located in the Oromia Zone of the Amhara region of Ethiopia. Baati is bordered on the south by Dawa Harewa, on the southeast by the Argobba special woreda, on the west and north by the Debub Wollo Zone, and on the east by the Afar Region. Towns in this woreda include its administrative center, the market town of Baati. The towns of Degan and Gerba was administratively part of Baati prior to the 2007 census but was then transferred to Kalu woreda.
Chaffa Gola Dewerahmedo was a woreda in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Oromia Zone, Chaffa Gola Dewerahmedo was bordered on the south by Artuma Fursi Jilee, on the southwest by the Semien Shewa Zone, on the west by the Debub Wollo Zone, on the north by Baati, and on the east by the Afar Region. Towns in Chaffa Gola Dewerahmedo included Bora and Kamisee; the villages of Shonke and T’ollaha were also located in this woreda, and notable as being communities where the Argobba language is spoken. Chaffa Gola Dewerahmedo was divided for Dawa Chaffa and Dawa Harewa woredas and Kamisee town.
