Financial regulation is a form of regulation or supervision,which subjects financial institutions to certain requirements,restrictions and guidelines,aiming to maintain the stability and integrity of the financial system. This may be handled by either a government or non-government organization. Financial regulation has also influenced the structure of banking sectors by increasing the variety of financial products available. Financial regulation forms one of three legal categories which constitutes the content of financial law,the other two being market practices and case law.
Jacques de Larosière de Champfeu is a French former civil servant who served as the president of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development from 1993 to 1998. He previously served as the governor of the Banque de France from 1987 to 1993. Before that appointment,he was also the sixth managing director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) from 1978 to 1987
The Pensions Regulator (TPR) is a non-departmental public body which regulates work-based pension schemes in the United Kingdom. Created under the Pensions Act 2004,the regulator replaced the Occupational Pensions Regulatory Authority (OPRA) from 6 April 2005 and has wider powers and a new proactive and risk-based approach to regulation.
The European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority (EIOPA) is a European Union financial regulatory institution that replaced the Committee of European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Supervisors (CEIOPS). It is established under EU Regulation 1094/2010.
The Committee of European Banking Supervisors (CEBS) was an independent advisory group on banking supervision in the European Union (EU). Established by the European Commission in 2004 by Decision 2004/5/EC,and its charter revised on 23 January 2009,it was composed of senior representatives of bank supervisory authorities and central banks of the European Union. On 1 January 2011,this committee was succeeded by the European Banking Authority (EBA),which took over all existing and ongoing tasks and responsibilities of the Committee of European Banking Supervisors (CEBS). The European Banking Authority was established by Regulation (EC) No. 1093/2010 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 November 2010.
The European System of Financial Supervision (ESFS) is the framework for financial supervision in the European Union that has been in operation since 2011. The system consists of the European Supervisory Authorities (ESAs),the European Systemic Risk Board,the Joint Committee of the European Supervisory Authorities,and the national supervisory authorities of EU member states. It was proposed by the European Commission in 2009 in response to the financial crisis of 2007–08.
The European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) is an independent European Union Authority located in Paris.
The European Systemic Risk Board (ESRB) is a group established on 16 December 2010 in response to the ongoing financial crisis. It is tasked with the macro-prudential oversight of the financial system within the European Union in order to contribute to the prevention or mitigation of systemic risks to financial stability in the EU. It shall contribute to the smooth functioning of the internal market and thereby ensure a sustainable contribution of the financial sector to economic growth.
The European Banking Authority (EBA) is a regulatory agency of the European Union headquartered in La Défense,Île-de-France. Its activities include conducting stress tests on European banks to increase transparency in the European financial system and identifying weaknesses in banks' capital structures.
Carlos da Silva Costa is a Portuguese economist who served as Governor of the Bank of Portugal from June 7,2010 to July 20,2020,when he was succeeded by Mário Centeno.
Ignazio Visco is an Italian economist and central banker and Governor of the Bank of Italy fromn 2011 to 2023.
The Financial Services and Markets Authority (FSMA) is the financial regulatory agency in Belgium.
Klaas Henderikus Willem Knot is a Dutch economist and central banker who is the current President of the Dutch central bank De Nederlandsche Bank (DNB). In this capacity he serves as a member of the Governing Council of the European Central Bank (ECB),as well as of the Board of Governors of the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Knot also holds a position as Professor in Monetary Stability at the University of Amsterdam and honorary professor at the University of Groningen.
Luis de Guindos Jurado is a Spanish politician serving as Vice-President of the European Central Bank since 2018. He previously served as Spain's Minister of Economy,Industry and Competitiveness from 2011 to 2018.
Thomas Steffen is a German lawyer who has been serving as State Secretary at the Federal Ministry of Health under ministers Jens Spahn in the government of Chancellor Angela Merkel (2019–2021) and Karl Lauterbach in the government of Chancellor Olaf Scholz. He previously served in various positions in the Federal Ministry of Finance (BMF).
Elke König is a German MBA in Business and auditor. From January 2012,she was president of the Federal Financial Supervisory Authority (BaFin);in December 2014,she became the first Chair of the newly established Single Resolution Board (SRB) of the Single Resolution Mechanism headquartered in Brussels. She served as Chair of the SRB until January 2023,when her second term expired.
The Pan-European Pension Product (PEPP) or like Pan-European Personal Pension Product is a proposed pension which will be available to residents of the European Union. The PEPP is designed to give the 240 million savers in the EU a better choice in the fragmented and uneven European market,where options are nearly non-existent in some member states. PEPPs are regulated by the Regulation 2019/1238. This regulation lays the legal foundation for a single European market for personal pensions. The PEPP will be complementary to existing state,occupational and private pension systems on national level. After endorsement by the European Parliament and official adoption by the European Council the PEPP regulation was published in July 2019 and will enter into application in August 2020. The first PEPPs are expected to be offered in late 2021.
Austrian Financial Market Authority(FMA) (German:Österreichische Finanzmarktaufsichtsbehörde) is the integrated financial regulatory authority for the Austrian financial industry. It is responsible for the supervision of credit institutions,payment institutions,insurance companies,pension funds,Fund managers,licensed securities service providers,rating agencies and stock exchanges.
