The Korean War was fought between North Korea and South Korea from 1950 to 1953. The war began on 25 June 1950 when North Korea invaded South Korea following clashes along the border and rebellions in South Korea. North Korea was supported by China and the Soviet Union while South Korea was supported by the United States and allied countries. The fighting ended with an armistice on 27 July 1953.
The Nanjing Massacre or the Rape of Nanjing was the mass murder of Chinese civilians in Nanjing,the capital of the Republic of China,immediately after the Battle of Nanking in the Second Sino-Japanese War,by the Imperial Japanese Army. Beginning on December 13,1937,the massacre lasted six weeks. The perpetrators also committed other war crimes such as mass rape,looting,and arson. The massacre is considered one of the worst atrocities of World War II.
Jiandao or Chientao,known in Korean as Gando or Kando,is a historical border region along the north bank of the Tumen River in Jilin Province,Northeast China that has a high population of ethnic Koreans. The word "Jiandao" itself,literally "Middle Island",was initially referred to a shoal in Tumen River between today's Chuankou Village,Kaishantun in Longjing,Jilin,China and Chongsŏng,Onsong County in North Korea. The island was an important landmark for immigrants from the Korean Peninsula looking for settlements across the river. As the number of immigrants increased,the area that the word "Jiandao" gradually changed to reflect the areas of Korean settlement.
The Jeju uprising,known in South Korea as the Jeju April 3 incident,was an uprising on Jeju Island from April 1948 to May 1949. A year prior to its start,residents of Jeju had begun protesting elections scheduled by the United Nations Temporary Commission on Korea (UNTCOK) to be held in the United States-occupied half of Korea,which they believed would entrench the division of the country. A general strike was later organised by the Workers' Party of South Korea (WPSK) from February to March 1948. The WPSK launched an insurgency in April 1948,attacking police and Northwest Youth League members stationed on Jeju who had been mobilized to suppress the protests by force. The First Republic of Korea under President Syngman Rhee escalated the suppression of the uprising from August 1948,declaring martial law in November and beginning an "eradication campaign" against rebel forces in the rural areas of Jeju in March 1949,defeating them within two months. Many rebel veterans and suspected sympathizers were later killed upon the outbreak of the Korean War in June 1950,and the existence of the Jeju uprising was officially censored and repressed in South Korea for several decades.
The Soviet invasion of Manchuria,formally known as the Manchurian strategic offensive operation or simply the Manchurian operation,began on 9 August 1945 with the Soviet invasion of the Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo. It was the largest campaign of the 1945 Soviet–Japanese War,which resumed hostilities between the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the Empire of Japan after almost six years of peace. Since 1983,the operation has sometimes been called Operation August Storm after U.S. Army historian David Glantz used this title for a paper on the subject.
The 1909 Gando Convention was a treaty signed between Imperial Japan and Qing China in which Japan recognized China's claims to Jiandao,called Gando in Korean,and Mount Paektu,and in return Japan received railroad concessions in Northeast China ("Manchuria"). After the Surrender of Japan,Gando Convention was de jure nullified. While China took control of Manchuria and the northwestern half of Mt. Paektu,the Korean government north of the 38th Parallel took control of the southeastern half of Mt. Paektu in addition to taking control of the Korean Peninsula north of the 38th Parallel.
The Empire of Japan committed war crimes in many Asian-Pacific countries during the period of Japanese imperialism,primarily during the Second Sino-Japanese and Pacific Wars. These incidents have been described as "the Asian Holocaust". Some war crimes were committed by Japanese military personnel during the late 19th century,but most were committed during the first part of the Shōwa era,the name given to the reign of Emperor Hirohito.
The Battle of Qingshanli was fought over six days in October 1920 between the Imperial Japanese Army and Korean armed groups in a densely wooded region of eastern Manchuria called Qīngshānlǐ. It occurred during the campaign of the Japanese army in Jiandao,during the Japanese rule of Korea (1910–1945).
Korea's military history spans thousands of years,beginning with the ancient nation of Gojoseon and continuing into the present day with the countries of North Korea and South Korea,and is notable for its many successful triumphs over invaders. Throughout its history,Korea has boasted numerous exceptional leaders who gained outstanding victories against numerically superior enemies. Famed leaders credited with defending Korea against foreign invasions include:Eulji Mundeok of Goguryeo,who defeated Sui China during the Goguryeo–Sui War;Yeon Gaesomun of Goguryeo,who defeated Emperor Taizong of Tang China during the Goguryeo–Tang War;Gang Gam-chan of Goryeo,who defeated the Khitan Empire during the Goryeo-Khitan War;Choe Yeong and Yi Seong-gye of Goryeo,who defeated the Red Turbans during the Red Turban Invasions;and Yi Sun-shin of Joseon,who defeated the Japanese at sea during the Imjin War. Other notable leaders include:Gwanggaeto the Great of Goguryeo,who created a great empire in Northeast Asia through conquest,and subjugated the other Korean kingdoms of Baekje,Silla and Gaya to bring about a brief unification of the Three Kingdoms of Korea;Geunchogo of Baekje,who captured Pyongyang and established overseas territories to control much of the Korean peninsula and dominate the seas;Munmu and Kim Yu-sin of Silla,who united the Three Kingdoms of Korea and defeated Tang China to gain complete control of the Korean peninsula;Dae Jo-yeong,who created Balhae from Goguryeo's ashes and reconquered Goguryeo lands lost during the Goguryeo-Tang War;Jang Bogo of Later Silla,who created a maritime empire and commanded a powerful fleet;Wang Geon,who united the Later Three Kingdoms of Korea and established Goryeo as the successor to Goguryeo;and Yun Gwan of Goryeo,who defeated the Jurchens and constructed nine fortresses in Manchuria.
This is a timeline of the history of Korea. Some dates prior to the 5th century are speculative or approximate.
The Gando Special Force was an independent battalion within the Manchukuo Imperial Army composed primarily of ethnic Koreans,and some experienced foreign mercenaries from Asia tasked with suppressing anti-Japanese,and pro-communist militant groups in the border areas between northern Japanese occupied Korea and Manchukuo.
Hong Beom-do was a Korean independence activist and general.
United States war crimes are violations of the law of war which were "committed by members of the United States Armed Forces" after the signing of the Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907 and the signing of the Geneva Conventions. The United States prosecutes offenders through the War Crimes Act of 1996 as well as through articles in the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ). The United States signed the 1999 Rome Statute but it never ratified the treaty,taking the position that the International Criminal Court (ICC) lacks fundamental checks and balances. The American Service-Members' Protection Act of 2002 further limited US involvement with the ICC. The ICC was conceived as a body to try war crimes when states do not have effective or reliable processes to investigate for themselves. The United States says that it has investigated many of the accusations alleged by the ICC prosecutors as having occurred in Afghanistan,and thus does not accept ICC jurisdiction over its nationals.
The Battle of Fengwudong was a battle between Korean independence militias and Japanese forces in Manchuria. It took place between 6 and 7 June 1920,and was one of the earliest domestic support operations of the Korean independence forces.
The Hunchun incident was a reported raid on a Japanese consulate in Manchuria resulting in the death of thirteen Japanese. The Japanese government used this incident to justify sending thousands of Imperial Japanese troops into Manchuria on 5 October 1920. These escalations culminated with the Battle of Qingshanli between Japan and the Korean Independence Army,where Korean rebels fought Japanese soldiers.
The KantōMassacre was a mass murder in the Kantōregion committed in the aftermath of the 1923 Great Kantōearthquake. With the explicit and implicit approval of parts of the Imperial Japanese government,the Japanese military,police,and vigilantes murdered an estimated 6,000 people:mainly ethnic Koreans,but also Chinese and Japanese people mistaken to be Korean,and Japanese communists,socialists,and anarchists.
Lee Yong;born April 7,1888 - died August 18,1954) was a Korean Independence activist and politician,son of Yi Tjoune,famous for being Hague envoy. He used the pseudonym Lee Jong-song,avoiding oppression. Following the official proclamation of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea,he was appointed to the first Minister of Urban Management in the North Korean Cabinet led by Premier of North Korea,Kim Il Sung.
The Korean invasion of Manchuria was an invasion of Manchuria by the Korean Empire. The invasion began on 11 August 1902,when Gojong of Korea sent Yi Bum-yun to Jiandao as an observer. The attack ended in victory for Korea,which gained some control over Jiandao.
