| Gnetum macrostachyum | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Gymnospermae |
| Division: | Gnetophyta |
| Order: | Gnetales |
| Family: | Gnetaceae |
| Genus: | Gnetum |
| Species: | G. macrostachyum |
| Binomial name | |
| Gnetum macrostachyum | |
Gnetum macrostachyum is a species of vine gymnosperm, native to tropical Asia. [1] They are often harvested as a source of fiber. [2]
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The Gnetum species is from the vine gymnosperm. Species number about 40 within this family. They feature decussate leaves, vessels in stems similar to angiosperms. They are overall dioecious pollen spreaders. G. macrostachyum is an evergreen climbing plant that has twining stems.
It is harvested for use as food and a source of fibre. This plant's phylum is gnetophyta within the class gnetopsida.
This plant is widely distributed, and is protected in various countries and islands. It is mainly located in East Asia in places such as Thailand, Cambodia, Indonesia and even New Guinea.
It usually grows in environments such as humid tropical rainforests, preferably by rivers on red or black soil, and usually at low elevations.
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They produce red fruits, with seeds edible after roasting. The bark fibers are known for making ropes. G. macrostachyum is usually only harvested when it is abundant, only because this plant poses no direct threat to any species.
Related species G. gnemon can be used for most/all of the same purposes as G. macrostachyum.
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This species is threatened due to habitat loss. Montane forests tend to be more intact as a habitat, but in the lower parts of Sumatra and Java the species is endangered. To prevent extermination, many G. macrostachyum specimens have been planted in protected areas of parks.
The Arecaceae is a family of perennial, flowering plants in the monocot order Arecales. Their growth form can be climbers, shrubs, tree-like and stemless plants, all commonly known as palms. Those having a tree-like form are called palm trees. Currently, 181 genera with around 2,600 species are known, most of which are restricted to tropical and subtropical climates. Most palms are distinguished by their large, compound, evergreen leaves, known as fronds, arranged at the top of an unbranched stem. However, palms exhibit an enormous diversity in physical characteristics and inhabit nearly every type of habitat within their range, from rainforests to deserts.
Gnetum is a genus of gymnosperms, the sole genus in the family Gnetaceae within the Gnetophyta. They are tropical evergreen trees, shrubs and lianas. Unlike other gymnosperms, they possess vessel elements in the xylem. Some species have been proposed to have been the first plants to be insect-pollinated as their fossils occur in association with extinct pollinating scorpionflies. Molecular phylogenies based on nuclear and plastid sequences from most of the species indicate hybridization among some of the Southeast Asian species. Fossil-calibrated molecular-clocks suggest that the Gnetum lineages now found in Africa, South America and Southeast Asia are the result of ancient long-distance dispersal across seawater.
Gnetum gnemon is a gymnosperm species of Gnetum, its native area spans from Mizoram and Assam in India down south through Malay Peninsula, Malay Archipelago and the Philippines in southeast Asia to the western Pacific islands. Common names include gnetum, joint fir, two leaf, melinjo, belinjo, bago, and tulip.
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Metroxylon sagu, the true sago palm, is a species of palm in the genus Metroxylon, native to tropical southeastern Asia. The tree is a major source of sago starch.
Gnetum africanum is a vine gymnosperm species found natively throughout tropical Africa. Though bearing leaves, the genus Gnetum are gymnosperms, related to pine and other conifers.
A stem is one of two main structural axes of a vascular plant, the other being the root. It supports leaves, flowers and fruits, transports water and dissolved substances between the roots and the shoots in the xylem and phloem, photosynthesis takes place here, stores nutrients, and produces new living tissue. The stem can also be called halm or haulm or culms.
Nepenthes gantungensis is a tropical pitcher plant known from a single peak on the Philippine island of Palawan, where it grows at elevations of 1600–1784 m above sea level.
Coscinium fenestratum, or yellow vine as it is sometimes referred to in English, is a flowering woody climber, native to South Asia and Mainland Southeast Asia. It is rare and critically endangered in many of its habitats.
Amomum ovoideum is a widespread shade-demanding rhizomatous herb of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae) native to Southeast Asia. The plant bears fruits up to 2 cm (0.79 in) long, covered by slender, soft, red spines. When dried, the fruit produces cardamom seedpods similar to other cardamom spice plants.
Megaphrynium macrostachyum is a species of large plant in the Marantaceae family native to tropical Africa. It grows in moist places and regenerates rapidly after ground disturbance or fire. The long stems have various uses in making cord, baskets and mats, and the large leaves are used for wrapping food, for making utensils and containers, and in herbal medicine.
Aglaonema simplex, also known as the Malayan sword is a perennial species of flowering plant in the family Araceae. It is native to Southeast Asia.
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