The tropical gar is a species of fish from Central America, where it is found in the Pacific and Atlantic drainages from southern Mexico to Costa Rica. In Central America it is known as gaspar and in Mexico it is known as pejelagarto, a contraction of the words "pez" (fish) and "lagarto" (alligator). This gar inhabits a wide range of fresh and brackish water habitats such as rivers, floodplains, lakes and pools, but avoids areas with a strong current. It reaches lengths of up to 1.25 m (4 ft) and a weight up to 2.9 kg (6.4 lb). The tropical gar looks very similar to the longnose gar in color and markings, but can be distinguished by its shorter, broader snout. The tropical gar's diet consists mainly of cichlids and other fish.
The black goby is a species of ray-finned fish found in the Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea. It inhabits estuaries, lagoons, and inshore water over seagrass and algae. It feeds on a variety of invertebrates and sometimes small fish. This species can also be found in the aquarium trade.
Gobius hypselosoma is a species of goby native to fresh and brackish waters of Madagascar and the Mascarene Islands. It can reach a length of 25 centimetres (9.8 in) TL.
Gobius is a genus of fish in the family Gobiidae native to fresh, brackish and marine waters of and around Europe, Africa and Asia. It contains the typical gobies, being the type genus of the formerly recognised subfamily Gobiinae and family and the namesake genus of its order Gobiiformes.
The rock goby is a small coastal goby of eastern Atlantic waters, from Scotland to Senegal. It is also reported from the Mediterranean and Black Seas, and is an anti-Lessepsian migrant in the Gulf of Eilat and Red Sea. There are unconfirmed records from the area around Pointe Noire in Congo-Brazzaville.
The golden goby is a species of goby from the family Gobiidae endemic to the Mediterranean Sea. It prefers areas with rocky substrates at depths of from 5 to 80 metres with plentiful growth of algae and gorgonians. This species can reach a length of 10 centimetres (3.9 in) TL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade. Gobius xanthocephalus is the name that is applied to the populations of similar gobies in the eastern Atlantic and western Mediterranean which were previously considered to be G. auratus.
Bucchich's goby is a species of goby native to the Eastern Mediterranean Sea and perhaps the Black Sea. It has traditionally been considered to be more widespread, but in 2016 the similar incognito goby was described. It had been confused with the Bucchich's goby and much information formerly published for this species is now considered to actually be for the incognito goby.
The red-mouthed goby is a species of goby native to the Eastern Atlantic Ocean from southwestern Ireland to the coasts of Morocco and Senegal, and also in the Mediterranean Sea where it occurs in inshore waters at depths of from 15 to 40 metres in areas with rocky or sandy substrates or in meadows of sea-grass. This species can reach a length of 18 centimetres (7.1 in) TL. It may also be found in the aquarium trade.
The yellow-headed goby is a species of goby native to the eastern Atlantic Ocean from northern Spain to Madeira and Canary Islands, and also in the Mediterranean Sea where it is found in inshore waters at depths of from 1 to 22 metres and can be found living under stones. This species can reach a length of 10 centimetres (3.9 in) TL.
Gobius kolombatovici is a species of goby native to the northern Adriatic Sea where it occurs at depths of from 15 to 38 metres in areas with patches of rock and softer sediments. This species can reach a length of 9.2 centimetres (3.6 in) SL. The specific name honours the Croatian mathematician, naturalist and taxonomist Juraj Kolombatovic (1843-1908), who carried out extensive work on the small inshore fishes of the Adriatic Sea.
Gobius fallax, or Sarato's goby, is a species of goby native to the Mediterranean Sea where it is found in inshore waters in locations with rocks and crevices for shelter at depths of from 0 to 32 metres. This species can reach a length of 9 centimetres (3.5 in) TL. There is a single record from the Canary Islands.
The striped goby is a species of goby native to the Mediterranean Sea where it occurs on coralline grounds at depths of from 15 to 85 metres though normally not deeper than 50 metres (160 ft). This species can reach a length of 5.8 centimetres (2.3 in) SL. This species can also be found in the aquarium trade.
Gobius roulei, Roule's goby, is a species of goby native to the eastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea where it can be found at depths of from 320 to 385 metres. This species can reach a length of 8 centimetres (3.1 in) TL. The specific name honours the French zoologist Louis Roule (1861-1942) who was the collector of the type.
Couch's goby is a species of goby native to the northeastern Atlantic Ocean as far north as southern Great Britain and Ireland, the Mediterranean Sea and the Adriatic Sea where it can be found living under stones on muddy sand in inshore waters and in the intertidal zone. This species can reach a length of 7.7 centimetres (3.0 in) TL. The specific name and common name both honour Jonathan Couch (1789-1870), the Cornish ichthyologist and the author of A History of the Fishes of the British Islands published between 1862 and 1867.
Gobius strictus, Schmidt's goby, is a doubtfully valid species of goby native to the Mediterranean Sea where it is known from around Mallorca and Morocco and from the Adriatic coasts of Croatia. This species can be found at depths of from 25 to 40 metres. It can reach a length of 6.5 centimetres (2.6 in) SL. It is suspected that this species actually represents a juvenile of G. cruentatus.
Gobius ateriformis is a species of marine fish from the family Gobiidae, the true gobies. It is endemic to Cape Verde, where it occurs in tide pools to a depth of 11 metres (36 ft). The species was first described by Alberto Brito and Peter J. Miller in 2001.
Gobius koseirensis is a species of goby native to the western Indian Ocean where it is only known to occur off the coast of Egypt.
Gobius tetrophthalmus is a species of marine fish from the family Gobiidae, the true gobies. It occurs in the Atlantic Ocean around Cape Verde, western Africa, where it is found at depths from 7 to 25 metres. It prefers areas with coralline algae though it will also inhabit areas with substrates of sand and rock. This species can reach a length of 7.8 centimetres (3.1 in) TL. It is harmless to humans.
Gobius rubropunctatus is a species of goby native to inshore waters of the Atlantic Ocean near the coasts of Africa from Mauritania to Ghana down to a depth of about 70 metres (230 ft). This species can reach a length of 8 centimetres (3.1 in) TL.
Goby is a common name for many species of small to medium sized ray-finned fish, normally with large heads and tapered bodies, which are found in marine, brackish and freshwater environments. Traditionally most of the species called gobies have been classified in the order Perciformes as the suborder Gobioidei but in the 5th Edition of Fishes of the World this suborder is elevated to an order Gobiiformes within the clade Percomorpha. Not all the species in the Gobiiformes are referred to as gobies and the "true gobies" are placed in the family Gobiidae, while other species referred to as gobies have been placed in the Oxudercidae. Goby is also used to describe some species which are not classified within the order Gobiiformes, such as the engineer goby or convict blenny Pholidichthys leucotaenia. The word goby derives from the Latin gobius meaning "gudgeon", and some species of goby, especially the sleeper gobies in the family Eleotridae and some of the dartfishes are called "gudgeons", especially in Australia.
