Grevillea halmaturina

Last updated

Grevillea halmaturina
Grevillea halmaturina.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Proteales
Family: Proteaceae
Genus: Grevillea
Species:
G. halmaturina
Binomial name
Grevillea halmaturina
Subspecies
  • G. halmaturinaTate subsp. halmaturina
  • G. halmaturina subsp. laevisMakinson
Synonyms [2]
  • Grevillea parviflora var. acuaria F.Muell. ex Benth.
  • Hakea halmaturinaF.Muell. nom. inval., nom. nud.

Grevillea halmaturina is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to South Australia. It is a prickly, spreading to erect shrub with sharply-pointed, linear to more or less-cylindrical leaves and large groups of white to pale pink flowers.

Contents

Description

Grevillea halmaturina is a prickly, spreading to erect shrub that typically grows to a height of 0.3–1.5 m (1 ft 0 in – 4 ft 11 in) and has ridged branchlets. Its leaves are sharply-pointed linear to more or less cylindrical or tapering, 10–30 mm (0.39–1.18 in) long and 0.8–1.2 mm (0.031–0.047 in) wide with the edges rolled under, enclosing most of the lower surface. The flowers are white to pale pink and are arranged in large, sessile groups on the ends of branches or in leaf axils, the pistil 6–8.5 mm (0.24–0.33 in) long. Flowering occurs from July to November and the fruit is a smooth, narrowly oval follicle 10–14 mm (0.39–0.55 in) long. [3]

Taxonomy

Grevillea halmaturina was first formally described in 1890 by Ralph Tate in his book A Handbook of the Flora of Extratropical South Australia. [4] [5] The specific epithet (halmaturina) is derived from Halmaturus, a name once applied to a genus of kangaroos, and commonly used for species from Kangaroo Island. [6]

In 2000, Robert Owen Makinson described two subspecies of G. halmaturina in the Flora of Australia and the names are accepted by the Australian Plant Census:

Distribution and habitat

Both subspecies mostly grow in shrubby woodland, often in moister places. Subspecies halmaturina is endemic to Kangaroo Island and subspecies laevis is endemic to the southern part of the Eyre Peninsula. [8] [10]

Conservation status

Grevillea halmaturina is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Much of its distribution has been cleared for agriculture, leaving it with a severely fragmented population and an estimated extent of occurrence of 14,393 km². There is a continuing decline in both the number of mature individuals and the quality of habitat due to land clearing for agriculture. There are currently no conservation measures in place for this species, however, it is known to occur within protected areas, including national parks such as Flinders Chase National Park. [1]

Related Research Articles

<i>Grevillea buxifolia</i> Species of plant of the family Proteaceae from coastal New South Wales, Australia

Grevillea buxifolia, commonly known as grey spider flower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae, and is endemic to New South Wales, Australia. It is an erect to spreading shrub with elliptic to egg-shaped leaves, and woolly-hairy clusters of rust-coloured to fawn flowers.

<i>Grevillea wickhamii</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Australia

Grevillea wickhamii, commonly known as Wickham's grevillea, holly-leaf grevillea or lgarrmari in Djaru, is species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to northern Australia. It is an erect shrub or spindly tree with holly-like, broadly egg-shaped leaves with 2 to 7 shallow teeth, and down-curved clusters of flowers, the colour depending on subspecies.

<i>Grevillea juniperina</i> Plant in family Proteaceae native in Australia

Grevillea juniperina, commonly known as juniper- or juniper-leaf grevillea or prickly spider-flower, is a plant of the family Proteaceae native to eastern New South Wales and southeastern Queensland in Australia. Scottish botanist Robert Brown described the species in 1810, and seven subspecies are recognised. One subspecies, G. j. juniperina, is restricted to Western Sydney and environs and is threatened by loss of habitat and housing development.

<i>Grevillea vestita</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea vestita is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It is an erect, spreading, prickly shrub with lobed leaves, the number and arrangement of lobes depending on subspecies, and more or less spherical to dome-shaped clusters of hairy, white to cream-coloured flowers sometimes tinged with pink.

<i>Grevillea curviloba</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea curviloba is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a prostrate to erect shrub with short branchlets, divided leaves with linear to narrowly lance-shaped lobes with the narrower end towards the base, and white to cream-coloured flowers.

<i>Grevillea sericea</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to New South Wales, Australia

Grevillea sericea, commonly known as the pink spider flower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to New South Wales. It is a shrub with elliptic to lance-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base, and clusters of usually pink flowers arranged on one side of a flowering rachis.

<i>Grevillea lavandulacea</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to South Australia and Victoria

Grevillea lavandulacea, commonly known as lavender grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to southern continental Australia. It is a prostrate to spreading shrub with linear to elliptic leaves and clusters of pink to red flowers.

<i>Grevillea concinna</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea concinna, commonly known as red combs or elegant grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a spreading to erect shrub with mostly linear to narrow wedge-shaped leaves sometimes with a sharp point on the tip. Flower colour varies with subspecies.

<i>Grevillea rhyolitica</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to New South Wales, Australia

Grevillea rhyolitica, commonly known as Deua grevillea or Deua flame, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to south-eastern New South Wales. It is a more or less erect shrub with elliptic leaves and hairy red flowers.

<i>Grevillea hookeriana</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea hookeriana, commonly known as red toothbrushes or Hooker's grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a spreading to erect shrub, usually with linear leaves or deeply divided leaves with linear lobes, and toothbrush-shaped groups of red, black or yellowish green flowers, the style maroon to black.

<i>Grevillea montis-cole</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Victoria, Australia

Grevillea montis-cole, commonly known as Mount Cole grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to central-western Victoria, Australia. It is a shrub with divided leaves with 5 to 15 lobes, the end lobes more or less triangular to narrowly oblong and sharply-pointed, and clusters of greenish to fawn and dull purplish flowers.

<i>Grevillea tripartita</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea tripartita is species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect, prickly shrub with divided leaves with 3 lobes, and clusters of red and cream-coloured or reddish-orange and yellow flowers.

<i>Grevillea diversifolia</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae native to Western Australia

Grevillea diversifolia, the variable-leaved grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect to prostrate shrub with simple or divided leaves and groups white to cream-coloured flowers with a dull red style.

<i>Grevillea oxyantha</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to New South Wales, Australia

Grevillea oxyantha is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to south-eastern continental Australia. It is an erect to spreading shrub with somewhat silky-hairy branchlets, broadly elliptic to broadly egg-shaped or almost round leaves, and hairy, crimson and pink flowers with a red style.

<i>Grevillea neurophylla</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Victoria, Australia

Grevillea neurophylla, commonly known as granite grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to south-eastern continental Australia. It is a spreading to erect shrub with linear leaves, and clusters of white to pale pink flowers with a strongly hooked style.

<i>Grevillea ramosissima</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to south-eastern Australia

Grevillea ramosissima, commonly known as fan grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to eastern continental Australia. It is a low, spreading shrub with lobed leaves and clusters of cream-coloured to pale yellow flowers.

Grevillea nematophylla, commonly known as water bush or silver-leaved water bush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to Australia. It is shrub or small tree with simple or pinnatisect leaves, the leaves or lobes linear, and branched, cylindrical clusters of cream-coloured flowers.

<i>Grevillea humilis</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea humilis is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to eastern New South Wales. It is an erect to spreading shrub with narrowly elliptic to more or less linear leaves, and pink or white flowers.

<i>Grevillea commutata</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea commutata is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the west of Western Australia. It is a spreading, open to dense shrub with egg-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base, and white, cream-coloured, and pinkish-green flowers.

<i>Grevillea diffusa</i> Species of plant in the Proteaceae family

Grevillea diffusa is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the Sydney region of New South Wales. It is a low, compact shrub with elliptic to linear leaves, and dark red, or dark crimson to scarlet and burgundy-coloured flowers.

References

  1. 1 2 Makinson, R. (2020). "Grevillea halmaturina". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020: e.T113020030A113308071. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T113020030A113308071.en . Retrieved 10 January 2024.
  2. 1 2 "Grevillea halmaturorum". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 5 May 2022.
  3. "Grevillea halmaturina". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 5 May 2022.
  4. "Grevillea halmaturina". APNI. Retrieved 5 May 2022.
  5. Tate, Ralph (1890). A Handbook of the Flora of Extratropical South Australia. Adelaide: Education Department. p. 83. Retrieved 5 May 2022.
  6. McCarthy, Patrick M.; Kantvilas, Gintaras (2013). "Psoroglaena halmaturina sp. nov. (lichenised Ascomycota, Verrucariaceae) from Kangaroo Island, South Australia". Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens. 26: 1–4.
  7. "Grevillea halmaturorum subsp. halmaturina". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 5 May 2022.
  8. 1 2 "Grevillea halmaturina subsp. halmaturina". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 5 May 2022.
  9. "Grevillea halmaturorum subsp. laevis". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 5 May 2022.
  10. 1 2 "Grevillea halmaturina subsp. laevis". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 5 May 2022.