| HAPLN2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Identifiers | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aliases | HAPLN2 , BRAL1, hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| External IDs | MGI: 2137300 HomoloGene: 11045 GeneCards: HAPLN2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Wikidata | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 2 (HAPLN2) also known as brain link protein 1 (BRAL1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HAPLN2 gene. [5] HAPLN1 codes for a related link protein that is expressed in cartilage while Bral1 is expressed in brain.
Bral1 interacts with versican and brevican in nodes of Ranvier. In mice with reduced Bralp1 expression the extracellular matrix at nodes of Ranvier is disrupted and action potential conduction is abnormal. [6]
In neuroscience and anatomy, Nodes of Ranvier, also known as myelin-sheath gaps, occur along a myelinated axon where the axolemma is exposed to the extracellular space. Nodes of Ranvier are uninsulated and highly enriched in ion channels, allowing them to participate in the exchange of ions required to regenerate the action potential. Nerve conduction in myelinated axons is referred to as saltatory conduction due to the manner in which the action potential seems to "jump" from one node to the next along the axon. This results in faster conduction of the action potential.
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) or mucopolysaccharides are long, linear polysaccharides consisting of repeating disaccharide units. The repeating two-sugar unit consists of a uronic sugar and an amino sugar, except in the case of the sulfated glycosaminoglycan keratan, where, in place of the uronic sugar there is a galactose unit. GAGs are found in vertebrates, invertebrates and bacteria. Because GAGs are highly polar molecules and attract water; the body uses them as lubricants or shock absorbers.
Versican is a large extracellular matrix proteoglycan that is present in a variety of human tissues. It is encoded by the VCAN gene.
Aggrecan (ACAN), also known as cartilage-specific proteoglycan core protein (CSPCP) or chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACAN gene. This gene is a member of the lectican family. The encoded protein is an integral part of the extracellular matrix in cartilagenous tissue and it withstands compression in cartilage.
A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ADAMTS4 gene.
Collagen alpha-6(IV) chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL4A6 gene.
A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ADAMTS1 gene.
Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4, also known as melanoma-associated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (MCSP) or neuron-glial antigen 2 (NG2), is a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan that in humans is encoded by the CSPG4 gene.
Hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HAPLN1 gene.
Potassium channel subfamily K member 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KCNK4 gene. KCNK4 protein channels are also called TRAAK channels.
Brevican core protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BCAN gene. Brevican is a member of the lectican protein family.
Tumor necrosis factor-inducible gene 6 protein also known as TNF-stimulated gene 6 protein or TSG-6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TNFAIP6 gene.
Sodium channel protein type 8 subunit alpha also known as Nav1.6 is a membrane protein encoded by the SCN8A gene. Nav1.6 is one sodium channel isoform and is the primary voltage-gated sodium channel at each node of Ranvier. The channels are highly concentrated in sensory and motor axons in the peripheral nervous system and cluster at the nodes in the central nervous system.
Spectrin, beta, non-erythrocytic 4, also known as SPTBN4, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SPTBN4 gene.
ERC protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ERC2 gene.
Cell migration-inducing and hyaluronan-binding protein (CEMIP), formerly known as KIAA1199, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CEMIP gene. CEMIP has been shown to bind hyaluronic acid and catalyze its depolymerization independently of CD44 and hyaluronidases. Such function has been also been validated in mice.
Neurochondrin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NCDN gene.
Putative tyrosine-protein phosphatase auxilin is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DNAJC6 gene.
Ankyrin-3 (ANK-3), also known as ankyrin-G, is a protein from ankyrin family that in humans is encoded by the ANK3 gene.
A Link domain or Link module, also known as Xlink domain, is a protein domain that binds to hyaluronic acid. It is important in blood cell migration and apoptosis. The link domain is found in some extracellular proteins in vertebrates such as the hyalectans. It appears to be involved in extracellular matrix assembly and stability, cell adhesion, and migration.
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