HMS Sturgeon (1894)

For other ships with the same name, see HMS Sturgeon.

A watercolour of Sturgeon c. 1901
History
United Kingdom
Name	HMS Sturgeon
Builder	Vickers
Launched	21 July 1894
Fate	Sold, 1910
General characteristics
Class and type	Sturgeon-class destroyer
Propulsion	Blechynden boilers, 4,000 hp (2,983 kW)
Speed	27 knots (50 km/h; 31 mph)
Complement	53
Armament	1 × 12 pounder gun 2 × torpedo tubes

HMS Sturgeon was the lead ship of the Sturgeon-class destroyers which served with the Royal Navy. Built by Vickers, she was launched in 1894 and sold in 1910.

Construction and design

On 8 November 1893, the British Admiralty placed an order with the Naval Construction and Armament Company of Barrow-in-Furness (later to become part of Vickers) for three "Twenty-Seven Knotter" destroyers as part of the 1893–1894 construction programme for the Royal Navy, ^[1] with in total, 36 destroyers being ordered from various shipbuilders for this programme. ^[2]

The Admiralty only laid down a series of broad requirements for the destroyers, leaving detailed design to the ships' builders. The requirements included a trial speed of 27 knots (31 mph; 50 km/h), a "turtleback" forecastle and a standard armament of a QF 12 pounder 12 cwt (3 in (76 mm) calibre) gun on a platform on the ship's conning tower (in practice the platform was also used as the ship's bridge), with a secondary armament of five 6-pounder guns, and two 18 inch (450 mm) torpedo tubes. ^{[3] [4] [5]}

The Naval Construction and Armament Company produced a design with a length of 194 feet 6 inches (59.28 m) overall and 190 feet (57.91 m) between perpendiculars, with a beam of 19 feet (5.79 m) and a draught of 7 feet 7 inches (2.31 m). Displacement was 300 long tons (300  t ) light and 340 long tons (350 t) deep load. ^[1] Three funnels were fitted, with the foremast between the ship's bridge and the first funnel. ^{[6] [7]} Four Blechyndnen water-tube boilers fed steam at 200 pounds per square inch (1,400 kPa) to two three-cylinder triple expansion steam engines rated at 4,000 indicated horsepower (3,000 kW). ^{[1] [8]} A speed of 27.6 knots (51.1 km/h; 31.8 mph) was reached during sea trials. ^[9] 60 tons of coal were carried, ^[10] giving a range of 1,370 nautical miles (2,540 km; 1,580 mi) at a speed of 11 knots (20 km/h; 13 mph). ^[11] The ship's crew was 53 officers and men. ^[11]

Service

Sturgeon served in home waters for the whole of her career. ^[1] She took part in the fleet review held at Spithead on 26 June 1897 to celebrate the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Victoria. ^[12] From 1899 she served in the Medway Instructional Flotilla under Commander Murray MacGregor Lockhart, but in March 1900 she was replaced by HMS Cynthia to which Commander Lockhart also transferred. ^[13] She left this for other service in late 1900. The following year she again took up with the Medway instructional flotilla, replacing Mallard. ^[14] She had a refit in early 1902. ^[15] In May 1902 she received the officers and men from the destroyer Stag, and was again commissioned at Chatham on 8 May by Lieutenant John Maxwell D. E. Warren for service with the Flotilla. ^{[16] [17]} She took part in the Spithead fleet review held on 16 August 1902 for the coronation of King Edward VII, ^[18] and later the same month was placed in dockyard hands at Sheerness for her boiler to be re-tubed. ^[19]

Notes

1. Lyon 2001, p. 69.
2. Lyon 2001, p. 19.
3. Lyon 2001, p. 20.
4. Lyon 2001, pp. 98–99.
5. Friedman 2009, p. 40.
6. Friedman 2009, p. 50.
7. Manning 1961, p. 38.
8. The Engineer 11 October 1895, p. 365.
9. "The Naval Construction and Armaments Co., Barrow-in-Furness: Visit of the Manchester Association of Engineers". The Marine Engineer and Naval Architect. Vol. 17. August 1895. pp. 186–187.
10. Brassey 1902, p. 274.
11. Friedman 2009, p. 291.
12. Brassey 1898, pp. 12–13
13. "Naval & Military intelligence". The Times. No. 36085. London. 9 March 1900. p. 12.
14. "Naval & Military intelligence". The Times. No. 36581. London. 9 October 1901. p. 8.
15. "Naval & Military intelligence". The Times. No. 36773. London. 21 May 1902. p. 10.
16. "Naval & Military intelligence". The Times. No. 36761. London. 7 May 1902. p. 10.
17. "Naval & Military intelligence". The Times. No. 36768. London. 15 May 1902. p. 7.
18. "Naval Review at Spithead". The Times. No. 36847. London. 15 August 1902. p. 5.
19. "Naval & Military intelligence". The Times. No. 36855. London. 25 August 1902. p. 8.

References

• Brassey, T.A. (1898). The Naval Annual 1898. Portsmouth, UK: J. Griffin and Co.
• Brassey, T.A. (1902). The Naval Annual 1902. Portsmouth, UK: J. Griffin and Co.
• Chesneau, Roger & Kolesnik, Eugene M., eds. (1979). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN   0-85177-133-5.
• Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy (Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN   978-1-86176-281-8.
• Friedman, Norman (2009). British Destroyers: From Earliest Days to the Second World War. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN   978-1-84832-049-9.
• Gardiner, Robert & Gray, Randal, eds. (1985). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN   0-85177-245-5.
• Layman, R. D. (1994). "Naval Kite Trials". In Roberts, John (ed.). Warship 1994. London: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 35–51. ISBN   0-85177-630-2.
• Lyon, David (2001) [1996]. The First Destroyers. London: Caxton Editions. ISBN   1-84067-3648.
• Manning, Captain T. D. (1961). The British Destroyer. Putnam and Co. OCLC   6470051.
• "Speed Trials of the Torpedo Boat Destroyer Starfish" (PDF). The Engineer . Vol. 80. 11 October 1895. p. 365.