Haaniella dehaanii

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Haaniella dehaanii
Pair of Haaniella dehaanii.jpg
Haaniella dehaanii, pair
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Phasmatodea
Family: Heteropterygidae
Subfamily: Heteropteryginae
Tribe: Heteropterygini
Genus: Haaniella
Species:
H. dehaanii
Binomial name
Haaniella dehaanii
(Westwood, 1859)
Synonyms [1]
  • Heteropteryx dehaaniiWestwood, 1859
  • Heteropteryx dehaani Redtenbacher, 1906
  • Heteropteryx dipsacusRedtenbacher, 1906
Underside of the abdomen of a female nymph Haaniella dehaanii subadult female ventral.JPG
Underside of the abdomen of a female nymph

Haaniella dehaanii is a stick insect species. It is a typical representative of the subfamily Heteropteryginae. The occasionally used common name De Haan's haaniella refers to the species name. [1]

Contents

Description

Both sexes, like all species of this genus, have many pointed spines on their bodies and legs. The shortened, as tegmina developed front wings completely cover the also shortened hind wings. Females are dark brown in color and very compact in shape. In particular, the abdomen of egg-laying specimens is bulging. The abdomen ends with them in a spike-like secondary ovipositor. Characteristic is a triangular or oval area in front of the wings, which is white to beige in the otherwise black-brown female nymph and only light brown to beige in the adult, then brown females. In contrast to the top, the bottom is very vividly drawn. Especially in female nymphs there are bright orange areas on the undersides of the femura, the meso- and metathorax, the intermediate membranes of the abdominal segments and other smaller orange areas Points on the sternites of the abdomen itself. Females are with 90 to 110 millimetres (3.5 to 4.3 in) length taller than the males. These are much slimmer, very prickly and onlys about 65 to 75 millimetres (2.6 to 3.0 in) long. They are mostly dark brown in color and thus more closely resemble the nymphs in their coloration. With them, the front edge of the tegmina is often drawn lightly, which results in two short, light lines at the lateral edge of the wings. [2] [3]

Distribution area and way of life

The species is native to Sarawak on Borneo, where it occurs on Mount Serapi, a few kilometers west of Kuching. [4]

The nocturnal animals hide in the leaves of the forest floor during the day. At night they climb up the food plants in order to feed on them, often eating the leaves directly on the leaf base. In case of danger, the species shows the defensive behavior typical of all members of the subfamily Heteropteryginae, including stridulation with wings and flapping with the spiny hind legs. [3]

Reproduction

About eight weeks after the insects have molted to become adul, the females begin to lay eggs. The barrel-shaped to spherical, brown eggs are sunk a few centimeters deep into the ground with theovipositor at night. They are 7 millimetres (0.28 in) long and 5.5 to 5.9 millimetres (0.22 to 0.23 in) wide. As with most Haaniella species, they are provided with fine and short hairs so that they appear to have a velvety surface. The cruciform micropylar plate is difficult to see because of the hairs. The micropyle is located in the lower angle of the cross formed from diagonal arms. It can take a whole year for the nymphs to hatch. It takes another nine months for them to grow into imago. After that, the animals can live for up to two years, with the productivity of the females gradually decreasing. [3]

Taxonomy

In 1859 John Obadiah Westwood described the species as Heteropteryx dehaanii, using the specific name in honor of the Dutch zoologist Wilhem de Haan has chosen. After the species was first transferred to the new genus Haaniella by William Forsell Kirby in 1904, Klaus Günther placed it in 1944 as a subspecies of the somewhat lighter colored and larger species Haaniella grayii . This assignment was canceled in 1992 by Philip Edward Bragg and the species has been considered valid since then. A species described by Josef Redtenbacher as Heteropteryx dipsacus in 1906 [5] was also classified by Günther as a subspecies of Haaniella grayi. Bragg was able to prove in 1998 that the specimens described under this name are Haaniella dehaanii, whereby Heteropteryx dipsacus was recognized as a synonym of the same.

An adult female is deposited in the Natural History Museum, London as holotype. [1]

In terraristics

Haniella dehaanii has been in breeding since 1990/91 and is listed under PSG number 126 by the Phasmid Study Group. [6]

In addition to temperatures of 20 to 27 °C (68 to 81 °F), the animals primarily need high humidity and therefore prefer glass terrariums with little ventilation. The floor should be covered 5 to 10 centimetres (2.0 to 3.9 in) high with a slightly damp substrate to allow the eggs to be laid. Leaves of bramble, other Rosaceae, as well as those of oak, hazel and ivy are eaten. Hiding places in the form of pieces of bark or others should be available. [3] [4]

Related Research Articles

<i>Heteropteryx</i> Species of stick insect

Heteropteryx is a monotypic genus of stick insects containing Heteropteryx dilatata as the only described species. and gives its name to the family of the Heteropterygidae. Their only species may be known as jungle nymph, Malaysian stick insect, Malaysian wood nymph, Malayan jungle nymph, or Malayan wood nymph and because of their size it is commonly kept in zoological institutions and private terrariums of insect lovers. It originates in Malay Archipelago, more precisely on the Malay Peninsula and Borneo and is nocturnal.

<i>Sungaya</i> Genus of stick insects

Sungaya is a monotypic genus of stick insects, containing the species Sungaya inexpectata. Its common name is the sunny stick insect, derived from the less commonly used sungay stick insect. The genus name refers to the locality of the holotype, i.e. the region where the insect was first collected. The species name is derived from the Latin as "inexpectatus" and means "unexpected".

Heteropterygidae Family of stick insects

The Heteropterygidae is a family of stick insects belonging to the suborder Euphasmatodea. Species can be found in Australasia, East and Southeast Asia. More than 130 valid species are descriebed.

Datamini Tribe of stick insects

Datamini is the only tribe within the subfamily of the Dataminae from the order of the Phasmatodea. The representatives of this subfamily are on average not as large as those of the other two subfamilies belonging to the family of Heteropterygidae.

Heteropterygini Tribe of stick insects

Heteropterygini is the only tribe within the subfamily of the Heteropteryginae from the order of the Phasmatodea in the family Heteropterygidae. With 19 representatives described, this subfamily represents both the species-poorest and that of the three subfamilies, to which the largest and most striking species are counted.

<i>Dares</i> (insect) Genus of stick insects

The genus Dares, which is mainly native to Borneo, combines relatively small and mostly dark-colored Phasmatodea species.

<i>Hoploclonia</i> Tribe of stick insects

Hoploclonia is the only genus of the tribe Hoplocloniini and brings together relatively small and darkly colored Phasmatodea species.

<i>Haaniella</i> Genus of stick insects

Haaniella is a genus of the Phasmatodea family Heteropterygidae from Southeast Asia.

<i>Aretaon</i> (insect) Genus of stick insects

Aretaon is a genus of stick insects native to Borneo and the Philippine island Palawan.

<i>Brasidas</i> (insect) Genus of stick insects

Brasidas is a genus that is native to the Philippines and is named after the Spartan general Brasidas

<i>Aretaon asperrimus</i> Species of stick insect

Aretaon asperrimus is a species of insect in the Aretaon genus of the Phasmatodea order. The sometimes used common name thorny stick insect is a bit misleading, since the species does not correspond to the typical stick-like habitus and many other species are thorny as well.

<i>Orestes mouhotii</i> Species of stick insect

Orestes mouhotii is an insect species belonging to the order of Phasmatodea. Because of its synyonym Orestes verruculatus, it is the type species of the genus Orestes. Because of its compact body shape, the species is sometimes referred to as small cigar stick insect.

<i>Dares verrucosus</i> Species of stick insect

Dares verrucosus is a species of stick insects. Like most other members of the genus Dares, the species is native to Borneo, more precisely in the north of the island.

<i>Dares validispinus</i> Species of stick insect

Dares validispinus is a species of stick insects. Like most other members of the genus Dares, the species is native to Borneo, more precisely in the northwest of the island.

<i>Dares ulula</i> Species of stick insect

Dares ulula is a species of stick insects. Like most other members of the genus Dares, the species is native to Borneo, more precisely in the northwest of the island. The males are extremely prickly even for the representatives of the genus Orestes. Females are colored with a relatively high contrast.

<i>Aretaon muscosus</i> Species of stick insect

Aretaon muscosus is a stick insect species from the family Heteropterygidae, which is native to Borneo.

<i>Trachyaretaon carmelae</i> Species of stick insect

Trachyaretaon carmelae is a species of stick insects. Even if there was no formal synonymisation, Trachyaretaon brueckneri is generally used as its synonym.

<i>Hoploclonia cuspidata</i> Species of stick insect

Hoploclonia cuspidata is a stick insect species native to the north of Borneo and is also called Brunei Hoploclonia stick insect.

<i>Hoploclonia abercrombiei</i> Species of stick insect

Hoploclonia abercrombiei is a stick insect species known from the northwest of Borneo, more precisely from only one place in the Malay state Sarawak.

<i>Haaniella erringtoniae</i> Species of stick insect

Haaniella erringtoniae is a stick insect species. It is a typical representative of the subfamily Heteropteryginae. The occasionally used common name Errington's Haaniella refers to the species name.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Brock, P. D.; Büscher, T. H. & Baker, E. W. Phasmida Species File Online . Version 5.0. (accessdate 4 September 2021)
  2. ↑ Zompro (2000). Gespenstheuschrecken der Familie Heteropterygidae im Terrarium, Reptilia – Terraristik Fachmagazin, Nr. 24, August/September, Natur und Tier, Münster.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Seiler, C.; Bradler, S & Koch, R. (2000). Phasmiden – Pflege und Zucht von Gespenstschrecken, Stabschrecken und Wandelnden Blättern im Terrarium. bede, Ruhmannsfelden, ISBN   3-933646-89-8
  4. 1 2 Bruins, E. (2006). Illustrierte Terrarien Enzyklopädie. Dörfler Verlag, Eggolsheim, pp. 75–76, ISBN   978-3-89555-423-0
  5. ↑ Josef Redtenbacher (1906). Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Vol. 1. Phasmidae Areolatae . Verlag Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 169–170
  6. ↑ Phasmid Study Group Culture List
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