Hanan the Egyptian

Last updated

Hanan the Egyptian (Hebrew : חנן המצרי‎‎, translit: Hanan ha-Mitzri) was a rabbi of the 2nd century (third generation of tannaim) who first lived at Alexandria. [1] He later moved to Judaea and was active among the scholars of Jabneh. [2] [3] He was a disciple of Rabbi Akiva and is quoted among "those who argued before the sages." [4] Only one law, relating to the Temple service on Yom Kippur, is preserved in his name. [5]

Another sage bearing the same name, also known as Hanan ben Abishalom, presided as a civil court judge in Jerusalem during Temple times. He was active a few generations earlier. [6] [7] Several of his decisions have been preserved. [8]

Related Research Articles

A rabbi is a spiritual leader or religious teacher in Judaism. One becomes a rabbi by being ordained by another rabbi, following a course of study of Jewish texts such as the Talmud.

The Pharisees were a social movement and a school of thought in the Levant during the time of Second Temple Judaism. After the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE, Pharisaic beliefs became the foundational, liturgical, and ritualistic basis for Rabbinic Judaism.

Sanhedrin Assemblies of twenty-three or seventy-one Jewish elders

The Sanhedrin were assemblies of either twenty-three or seventy-one elders, who were appointed to sit as a tribunal in every city in the ancient Land of Israel.

Messiah in Judaism A savior and liberator of the Jewish people.

The Messiah in Judaism is a savior and liberator figure in Jewish eschatology, who is believed to be the future redeemer of the Jewish people. The concept of messianism originated in Judaism, and in the Hebrew Bible a messiah is a king or High Priest traditionally anointed with holy anointing oil. However, messiahs were not exclusively Jewish, as the Hebrew Bible refers to Cyrus the Great, king of Persia, as a messiah for his decree to rebuild the Jerusalem Temple.

Yohanan ben Zakkai, sometimes abbreviated as Ribaz for Rabbi Yohanan ben Zakkai, was one of the Tannaim, an important Jewish sage in the era of the Second Temple, and a primary contributor to the core text of Rabbinical Judaism, the Mishnah. His name is often preceded by the honorific title, "Rabban." He is widely regarded as one of the most important Jewish figures of his time and his escape from the Roman destruction of Jerusalem, that allowed him to continue teaching, may have been instrumental in rabbinic Judaism surviving the destruction. His tomb is located in Tiberias, within the Maimonides burial compound.

Semikhah is the ordination of a rabbi within Judaism. It may also be called (סמיכה לרבנות‎, "rabbinical ordination", or סמיכה לחזנות‎, "cantorial ordination" when given specifically to a hazzan. The original semikhah was the formal "transmission of authority" from Moses through the generations. This form of semikhah ceased between 360 and 425 CE. Since then semikhah has continued in a less formal way. Throughout history there have been several attempts to reestablish the classical semikhah.

Tannaim were the rabbinic sages whose views are recorded in the Mishnah, from approximately 10–220 CE. The period of the Tannaim, also referred to as the Mishnaic period, lasted about 210 years. It came after the period of the Zugot ("pairs"), and was immediately followed by the period of the Amoraim ("interpreters").

First Jewish–Roman War The first of three major rebellions by the Jews against the Roman Empire

The First Jewish–Roman War, sometimes called the Great Jewish Revolt, or The Jewish War, was the first of three major rebellions by the Jews against the Roman Empire, fought in Roman-controlled Judea, resulting in the destruction of Jewish towns, the displacement of its people and the appropriation of land for Roman military use, as well as the destruction of the Jewish Temple and polity.

Yeshu is the name of an individual or individuals mentioned in rabbinic literature, which historically has been assumed to be a reference to Jesus when used in the Talmud. The name Yeshu is also used in other sources before and after the completion of the Babylonian Talmud. It is also the modern Israeli spelling of Jesus.

Karaite Judaism or Karaism is a Jewish religious movement characterized by the recognition of the written Torah alone as its supreme authority in halakha and theology. Karaites maintain that all of the divine commandments handed down to Moses by God were recorded in the written Torah without additional Oral Law or explanation. It is distinct from mainstream Rabbinic Judaism, which considers the Oral Torah, as codified in the Talmud and subsequent works, to be authoritative interpretations of the Torah. As a result, Karaite Jews do not accept as binding the written collections of the oral tradition in the Midrash or Talmud.

Jewish–Roman wars Series of large-scale revolts by the Jews of the Eastern Mediterranean against the Roman Empire between 66 and 135 CE

The Jewish–Roman wars were a series of large-scale revolts by the Jews of the Eastern Mediterranean against the Roman Empire between 66 and 135 CE. While the First Jewish–Roman War and the Bar Kokhba revolt were nationalist rebellions, striving to restore an independent Judean state, the Kitos War was more of an ethno-religious conflict, mostly fought outside Judea Province. Hence, some sources use the term Jewish-Roman Wars to refer only to the First Jewish–Roman War and the Bar Kokhba revolt (132–135 CE), while others include the Kitos War as one of the Jewish–Roman wars.

Judah bar Ilai, also known as Yehuda bar Ma'arava and Rabbi Judah, was a rabbi of the 2nd century. Of the many Judahs in the Talmud, he is the one referred to simply as "Rabbi Judah" and is the most frequently mentioned sage in the Mishnah.

Rabbi Tarfon

Rabbi Tarfon or Tarphon, a Kohen, was a member of the third generation of the Mishnah sages, who lived in the period between the destruction of the Second Temple and the fall of Betar.

Simeon ben Gamliel (I) was a Tanna sage and leader of the Jewish people. He served as nasi of the Great Sanhedrin at Jerusalem during the outbreak of the First Jewish–Roman War, succeeding his father in the same office after his father's death in 52 CE and just before the destruction of the Second Temple.

Joshua ben Perahiah or Joshua ben Perachya was Nasi of the Sanhedrin in the latter half of the 2nd century BCE.

Hellenistic Judaism was a form of Judaism in classical antiquity that combined Jewish religious tradition with elements of Greek culture. Until the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the early Muslim conquests of the eastern Mediterranean, the main centers of Hellenistic Judaism were Alexandria in Egypt and Antioch in Syria, the two main Greek urban settlements of the Middle East and North Africa region, both founded at the end of the fourth century BCE in the wake of the conquests of Alexander the Great. Hellenistic Judaism also existed in Jerusalem during the Second Temple Period, where there was conflict between Hellenizers and traditionalists.

Rabbi Ilai, also recorded as Rabbi Ela, Hela, Ilaa, Ili, La, Leia, or Yela, was an amora of the Land of Israel, of the third generation of Amoraim, who lived in the late 3rd-early 4th centuries.

Rabbinic Judaism or Rabbinism has been the mainstream form of Judaism since the 6th century, after the codification of the Talmud. Rabbinic Judaism gained predominance within the Jewish diaspora between the 2nd to 6th centuries, with the development of the Oral Law to control the interpretation of Jewish scripture and to encourage the practice of Judaism in the absence of Temple sacrifice and other practices no longer possible, since the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE.

Palestinian rabbis encompasses all rabbis who lived in the region known as Palestine up until modern times, but most significantly refers to the early Jewish sages who dwelled in the ancient Holy Land and compiled the Mishna and its later commentary, the Jerusalem Talmud. These rabbis lived between 150 BCE and 400 CE and during the Talmudic and later Geonic period, they exerted influence over Syria and Egypt, while the authorities in Babylonia had held sway over the Jews of Iraq and Iran. While the Jerusalem Talmud was not to become authoritative against the Babylonian, the liturgy developed by Palestinian rabbis was later destined to form the foundation of the minhag of nearly all the Ashkenazic communities across Europe.

The Great Academy of Paris was a 13th-century Talmudic academy in Acre, established by Rabbi Jehiel of Paris.

References

  1. ↑ Mordechai Judovits (30 April 2010). Sages of the Talmud: the lives, sayings, and stories of 400 rabbinic masters. Urim. p. 75. Retrieved 28 August 2011.
  2. ↑ Abraham Malamat; Haim Hillel Ben-Sasson (1976). A history of the Jewish people . Harvard University Press. p.  369 . Retrieved 28 August 2011.
  3. ↑ Christopher Haas (1997). Alexandria in late antiquity: topography and social conflict. JHU Press. p. 409. Retrieved 28 August 2011.
  4. ↑ Sanh. 17b; comp. Yer. Ma'as. Sh. ii. 53d
  5. ↑ Yoma 63b
  6. ↑ Rivka Ulmer (16 October 2009). Egyptian cultural icons in Midrash. Walter de Gruyter. p. 180. Retrieved 28 August 2011.
  7. ↑ Jacob Neusner (1971). The Rabbinic Traditions about the Pharisees Before 70: The houses. Brill Archive. p. 414. Retrieved 28 August 2011.
  8. ↑ Ketubot 13:1 et seq.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.