Judah ben Bava

Last updated

Judah ben Bava was a rabbi in the 2nd century who ordained a number of rabbis at a time when the Roman government forbade this ceremony. The penalty was execution for the ordainer and the new rabbis. Rabbi Judah ben Bava was killed by Hadrian's soldiers at the age of seventy, and is known as one of the Ten Martyrs. Rabbi Judah ben Bava was caught by Hadrian's soldiers while ordaining his students Rabbi Meir, Rabbi Judah ha-Nasi, R' Shimon bar Yochai, R' Jose ben Halafta, and R' Elazar ben Shamua [1] in a place between Usha and Shefaram. [2] He told his students to run, but he himself was too old. Hadrian's soldiers threw 300 javelins at him, causing his death. [3]

Contributions to Talmud

Judah ben Bava is the subject of many sayings and legends. He was known as "the Ḥasid," and it is said that wherever the Talmud speaks of "the Ḥasid", it is a reference either to him or to Judah ben Ilai.

He authored several decisions in the Halakha, including the ruling that one witness to the death of the husband is sufficient to justify permitting the wife to marry again. [4] Rabbi Akiva was his most powerful opponent in halakhic disputes. [5]

Related Research Articles

Judah ha-Nasi or Judah I, known simply as Rebbi or Rabbi, was a second-century rabbi and chief redactor and editor of the Mishnah. He lived from approximately 135 to 217 CE. He was a key leader of the Jewish community in Roman-occupied Judea after the Bar Kokhba revolt.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shimon bar Yochai</span> Tannaitic sage of the 2nd century

Shimon bar Yochai or Shimon ben Yochai, also known by the acronym Rashbi, was a 2nd-century tannaitic sage in ancient Judea. He was one of the most eminent disciples of Rabbi Akiva. The Zohar, a 13th century foundational work of Kabbalah, is ascribed to him by Kabbalistic tradition.

Semikhah is the traditional Jewish name for rabbinic ordination.

Johanan bar Nappaha was a leading rabbi in the early era of the Talmud. He belonged to the second generation of amoraim.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Judah II</span> Jewish sage from the middle of the third century CE

Judah II or Nesi'ah I was a Jewish sage who lived in Tiberias in the Land of Israel, in the middle of the third century CE.

Rabbah bar Naḥmani was a Jewish Talmudist known throughout the Talmud simply as Rabbah. He was a third-generation amora who lived in Sassanian Babylonia.

Shimon ben Lakish, better known by his nickname Reish Lakish, was an amora who lived in the Roman province of Judaea in the third century. He was reputedly born in Bosra, east of the Jordan River, around 200 CE, but lived most of his life in Sepphoris. Nothing is known of his ancestry except his father's name.

Rav Pappa was a Babylonian rabbi, of the fifth generation of amoraim.

Judah bar Ilai, also known as Yehuda bar Ma'arava and Rabbi Judah, was a rabbi of the 2nd century. Of the many Judahs in the Talmud, he is the one referred to simply as "Rabbi Judah" and is the most frequently mentioned sage in the Mishnah.

Rabbi Zeira, known before his semicha as Rav Zeira and known in the Jerusalem Talmud as Rabbi Ze'era, was a Jewish Talmudist, of the third generation of amoraim, who lived in the Land of Israel.

The Ten Martyrs were ten rabbis living during the era of the Mishnah who were martyred by the Roman Empire in the period after the destruction of the Second Temple. Their story is detailed in Midrash Eleh Ezkerah.

Jose ben Halafta or Yose ben Halafta was a tanna of the fourth generation. He is the fifth-most-frequently mentioned sage in the Mishnah. Of the many Rabbi Yose's in the Talmud, Yose Ben Halafta is the one who is simply referred to as Rabbi Yose.

Eleazar ben Shammua or Eleazar I was a rabbi of the 2nd century, frequently cited in rabbinic writings as simply Rabbi Eleazar (Bavli) or Rabbi Lazar רִבִּי לָֽעְזָר (Yerushalmi). He was of priestly descent and rich, and acquired great fame as a teacher of traditional law.

Hanina(h) ben Ahi Rabbi Joshua, or Hananiah ben Ahi Rabbi Joshua, meaning 'Haninah/Hananiah son of the brother of Rabbi Yehoshua' was a Jewish Tanna sage of the third generation. Unlike many other Tannaitic sages, he is not recognized by his father's name, but rather with his uncle's name, R. Joshua ben Hananiah. He does not appear on the Mishnah at all. Sometimes he is recorded in baraitas as merely Hananiah, which can lead to confusion with Hananiah ben Akavia.

Joshua Ben Karha (Hebrew: יהושע בן קרחה, Yehoshua ben Karcha, was a Jewish Tanna sage of the fourth generation.

Rabbi Yannai was an amora who lived in the 3rd century, and of the first generation of the Amoraim of the Land of Israel.

Eleazar b. Shimon was a Jewish Tanna sage of the fifth generation, contemporary of R. Judah ha-Nasi.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Simeon ben Menasya</span> Late 2nd/early 3rd century Judean rabbi

Shim’on ben Menasya was a Jewish rabbi who lived in the late 2nd-early 3rd centuries.

Judah b. Hiyya was a Jewish Amora sage of the Land of Israel, during the transitional period between the Tannaic and Amoraic eras.

References

  1. Sanhedrin 14a
  2. Avodah Zarah 8b
  3. Sanhedrin 14a
  4. Hamburger, "R. B. T." ii. 451
  5. Bacher, "Ag. Tan." i. 404