Henry Brem

Last updated
Henry Brem, M.D.
Education New York University
Harvard University
Harvard Medical School
Peter Bent Brigham Hospital
Neurological Institute of New York
Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons
Occupation(s)Harvey Cushing Professor, Director of the Department of Neurosurgery
Professor of Neurosurgery, Ophthalmology, Oncology and Biomedical Engineering
Neurosurgeon-in-Chief
Director, Hunterian Neurosurgical Research Center
Known forImage guidance computer system to deliver targeted chemotherapy to intraoperative brain tumors, viral mapping, vaccine development
Medical career
Field neurosurgeon, researcher, educator, inventor
Institutions Johns Hopkins

Henry Brem, M.D. is an American neurosurgeon, researcher, educator and inventor known for introducing an image guidance computer system to deliver targeted chemotherapy to intraoperative brain tumors. [1] As of 2023, he is the Harvey Cushing Professor, Director of the Department of Neurosurgery, Professor of Neurosurgery, Ophthalmology, Oncology and Biomedical Engineering Neurosurgeon-in-Chief, and Director, Hunterian Neurosurgical Research Center and Director at Johns Hopkins in Baltimore, Maryland. [2] Brem has written more than 490 peer-reviewed articles, [3] 50 books and book chapters and holds 11 patents.

Contents

Education and career

Brem received his AB at New York University (1973) and Harvard University, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Department of Biological Chemistry (1974), MD at Harvard Medical School, residencies at Peter Bent Brigham Hospital (Harvard) and the Neurological Institute of New York, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons. [4] [5] [6]

In 1998, he became a member of the National Academy of Medicine (NAM) [7]

Research

Brem's fields of research include neurosurgery, brain tumors, drug delivery, angiogenesis and Immunology. [8] Brem's research on temozolomide, often linked to ribavirin, involves a combination of scientific disciplines and uncovers new connections. His work also connects epilepsy surgery with meningioma and implant chemotherapy. His carmustine research addresses wafer integration, biodistribution and cytotoxicity. [7]

He is credited along with Robert Langer for co-inventing the Gliadel® wafer, an implantable device that enables direct chemotherapy placement during brain tumor surgery. [9] This has led to other novel therapies, such as chemotherapy "cocktail" delivery systems by way of electrospun fiber membranes. This technology is being developed in conjunction with Andrew Steckl at the University of Cincinnati College of Engineering and Applied Science. [10]

Grants

Brem has been the Principal- or Co-Investigator on 27 research studies focused on brain tumors and therapy delivery, such as controlled release polymers, brain-penetrating DNA nanoparticles, and enhancement of brain tumor immunotherapy. [11] [12] [13]

Patents

Publications

Books and chapters

As of 2023, Brem has written 58 book chapters and monographs. Books include: Guest Editor, Special Edition: Implant Approach to Chemotherapy, (JNO) 1995, Section Editor, Youmans Textbook of Neurological Surgery-5th Edition, 2004 ISBN   072163933X, and Section Editor, Youmans Textbook of Neurological Surgery-6th Edition, 2011.

Peer-reviewed articles

According to Google Scholar, Brem has, as of 2024, been cited 42,023 times, has an h-index of 102 and an i10-index of 350. [8] His 10 most cited works include:

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Brain tumor</span> Neoplasm in the brain

A brain tumor occurs when abnormal cells form within the brain. There are two main types of tumors: malignant (cancerous) tumors and benign (non-cancerous) tumors. These can be further classified as primary tumors, which start within the brain, and secondary tumors, which most commonly have spread from tumors located outside the brain, known as brain metastasis tumors. All types of brain tumors may produce symptoms that vary depending on the size of the tumor and the part of the brain that is involved. Where symptoms exist, they may include headaches, seizures, problems with vision, vomiting and mental changes. Other symptoms may include difficulty walking, speaking, with sensations, or unconsciousness.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aminolevulinic acid</span> Endogenous non-proteinogenic amino acid

δ-Aminolevulinic acid, an endogenous non-proteinogenic amino acid, is the first compound in the porphyrin synthesis pathway, the pathway that leads to heme in mammals, as well as chlorophyll in plants.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Glioma</span> Tumour of the glial cells of the brain or spine

A glioma is a type of primary tumor that starts in the glial cells of the brain or spinal cord. They are cancerous but some are extremely slow to develop. Gliomas comprise about 30 percent of all brain tumors and central nervous system tumours, and 80 percent of all malignant brain tumours.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Meningioma</span> Tumor of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord (meninges)

Meningioma, also known as meningeal tumor, is typically a slow-growing tumor that forms from the meninges, the membranous layers surrounding the brain and spinal cord. Symptoms depend on the location and occur as a result of the tumor pressing on nearby tissue. Many cases never produce symptoms. Occasionally seizures, dementia, trouble talking, vision problems, one sided weakness, or loss of bladder control may occur.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Glioblastoma</span> Aggressive type of brain cancer

Glioblastoma, previously known as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), is the most aggressive and most common type of cancer that originates in the brain, and has a very poor prognosis for survival. Initial signs and symptoms of glioblastoma are nonspecific. They may include headaches, personality changes, nausea, and symptoms similar to those of a stroke. Symptoms often worsen rapidly and may progress to unconsciousness.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Astrocytoma</span> Medical condition

Astrocytoma is a type of brain tumor. Astrocytomas originate from a specific kind of star-shaped glial cell in the cerebrum called an astrocyte. This type of tumor does not usually spread outside the brain and spinal cord and it does not usually affect other organs. After glioblastomas, astrocytomas are the second most common glioma and can occur in most parts of the brain and occasionally in the spinal cord.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Robert S. Langer</span> American scientist

Robert Samuel Langer Jr. FREng is an American biotechnologist, businessman, chemical engineer, chemist, and inventor. He is one of the nine Institute Professors at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Oligoastrocytoma</span> Medical condition

Oligoastrocytomas are a subset of brain tumors that present with an appearance of mixed glial cell origin, astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma. However, the term "Oligoastrocytoma" is now considered obsolete by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network stating "the term should no longer be used as such morphologically ambiguous tumors can be reliably resolved into astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas with molecular testing."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pilocytic astrocytoma</span> Benign brain tumor originating in astrocyte cells

Pilocytic astrocytoma is a brain tumor that occurs most commonly in children and young adults. They usually arise in the cerebellum, near the brainstem, in the hypothalamic region, or the optic chiasm, but they may occur in any area where astrocytes are present, including the cerebral hemispheres and the spinal cord. These tumors are usually slow growing and benign, corresponding to WHO malignancy grade 1.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Carmustine</span> Chemical compound

Carmustine, sold under the brand name BiCNU among others, is a medication used mainly for chemotherapy. It is a nitrogen mustard β-chloro-nitrosourea compound used as an alkylating agent.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Brainstem glioma</span> Medical condition

A brainstem glioma is a cancerous glioma tumor in the brainstem. Around 75% are diagnosed in children and young adults under the age of twenty, but have been known to affect older adults as well. Brainstem gliomas start in the brain or spinal cord tissue and typically spread throughout the nervous system.

In oncology, metastasectomy is the surgical removal of metastases, which are secondary cancerous growths that have spread from cancer originating in another organ in the body.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Paclitaxel trevatide</span> Chemical compound

Paclitaxel trevatide is an experimental chemotherapy drug that is under development by Angiochem Inc, a Canadian biotech company. Phase II clinical trials have completed for several indications, and the company is preparing for phase III trials.

Neuro-oncology is the study of brain and spinal cord neoplasms, many of which are very dangerous and life-threatening. Among the malignant brain cancers, gliomas of the brainstem and pons, glioblastoma multiforme, and high-grade astrocytoma/oligodendroglioma are among the worst. In these cases, untreated survival usually amounts to only a few months, and survival with current radiation and chemotherapy treatments may extend that time from around a year to a year and a half, possibly two or more, depending on the patient's condition, immune function, treatments used, and the specific type of malignant brain neoplasm. Surgery may in some cases be curative, but, as a general rule, malignant brain cancers tend to regenerate and emerge from remission easily, especially highly malignant cases. In such cases, the goal is to excise as much of the mass and as much of the tumor margin as possible without endangering vital functions or other important cognitive abilities. The Journal of Neuro-Oncology is the longest continuously published journal in the field and serves as a leading reference to those practicing in the area of neuro-oncology.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fibrillary astrocytoma</span> Type of brain tumor

Fibrillary astrocytomas are a group of primary slow-growing brain tumors that typically occur in adults between the ages of 20 and 50.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anaplastic astrocytoma</span> Medical condition

Anaplastic astrocytoma is a rare WHO grade III type of astrocytoma, which is a type of cancer of the brain. In the United States, the annual incidence rate for anaplastic astrocytoma is 0.44 per 100,000 people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Diffuse midline glioma</span> Highly aggressive brain tumor, mostly found in children

Diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered (DMG) is a fatal tumour that arises in midline structures of the brain, most commonly the brainstem, thalamus and spinal cord. When located in the pons it is also known as diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG).

Intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) is an operating room configuration that enables surgeons to image the patient via an MRI scanner while the patient is undergoing surgery, particularly brain surgery. iMRI reduces the risk of damaging critical parts of the brain and helps confirm that the surgery was successful or if additional resection is needed before the patient's head is closed and the surgery completed.

Awake craniotomy is a neurosurgical technique and type of craniotomy that allows a surgeon to remove a brain tumor while the patient is awake to avoid brain damage. During the surgery, the neurosurgeon performs cortical mapping to identify vital areas, called the "eloquent brain", that should not be disturbed while removing the tumor.

Günther C. Feigl is an Austrian neurosurgeon. Feigl is an internationally renowned expert in minimally invasive neurosurgery. His main areas of expertise are skull base surgery and neurooncology. He specializes in the surgery of gliomas, minimally invasive endoscopy-assisted microvascular decompression in trigeminal neuralgia and facial hemispasm as well as the surgery of acoustic neuromas, tumors of the pineal gland and meningiomas of the skull base. Furthermore, his specialties comprise treatment of pituitary adenomas, spinal cord tumours and metastases as well as the area of pediatric neurosurgery.

References

  1. ↑ "Henry Brem, Neurosurgeon-in-Chief, Chairman, Director, Professor - eMedEvents". www.emedevents.com. Retrieved 2023-06-12.
  2. ↑ "Henry Brem, M.D. | Candel Therapeutics". 2021-04-13. Retrieved 2023-06-14.
  3. ↑ "Henry Brem's Research". ResearchGate. Retrieved June 14, 2023.
  4. ↑ "Henry Brem, M.D. | Catalio Capital Management". www.cataliocapital.com. Retrieved 2023-06-12.
  5. ↑ "Dr. Henry Brem". U.S. News and World Report. Retrieved June 12, 2023.
  6. ↑ "Dr. Henry Brem - Neurological Surgery - Baltimore, MD". Castle Connolly. Retrieved 2023-06-14.
  7. 1 2 "Henry Brem". Research.com. Retrieved June 14, 2023.
  8. 1 2 "Henry Brem". scholar.google.com. Retrieved 2023-06-12.
  9. ↑ Media, BioBuzz (2022-11-16). "CraniUS Appoints World Leading Johns Hopkins Neurosurgeon Dr. Henry Brem to Join Board of Directors · BioBuzz". BioBuzz. Retrieved 2023-06-14.
  10. ↑ Miller, Michael; Cincinnati, University of. "New treatment for brain tumors uses electrospun fiber". phys.org. Retrieved 2023-06-14.
  11. ↑ Brem, Henry. "Controlled Release Polymers for Brain Tumors (U19 CA 528". Grantome.
  12. ↑ Hanes, Justin; Suk, Jung. "Targeted Delivery of Brain Penetrating DNA Nanoparticles to Brain Tumors". Grantome.
  13. ↑ Lesniak, M. S.; Langer, R.; Brem, H. (2001). "Drug delivery to tumors of the central nervous system". Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports. 1 (3): 210–216. doi:10.1007/s11910-001-0020-z. ISSN   1528-4042. PMID   11898520.
  14. ↑ US5626862A,Brem, Henry; Langer, Robert S.& Domb, Abraham J.,"Controlled local delivery of chemotherapeutic agents for treating solid tumors",issued 1997-05-06
  15. ↑ EP0930892A1,Brem, Henry; Pardoll, Drew M.& Thompson, Reid C.et al.,"Cytokine enhanced immunotherapy for brain tumors",issued 1999-07-28
  16. ↑ US6482810B1,Brem, Henry; Tamargo, Rafael J.& Bok, Robert A.,"Antibiotic composition for inhibition of angiogenesis",issued 2002-11-19
  17. ↑ US20080260834A1,Burke, Martin; White, Maria-Christina& Watts, Mark C.et al.,"Vitamin d3 analog loaded polymer formulations for cancer and neurodegenerative disorders",issued 2008-10-23
  18. ↑ US20080260834A1,Burke, Martin; White, Maria-Christina& Watts, Mark C.et al.,"Vitamin d3 analog loaded polymer formulations for cancer and neurodegenerative disorders",issued 2008-10-23
  19. ↑ US8895597B2,Recinos, Violette Renard; Tyler, Betty& Sunshine, Sarah Bremet al.,"Combination of local temozolomide with local BCNU",issued 2014-11-25
  20. ↑ WO2012177624A2,Zeng, Jing; Drake, Charles George& Pardoll, Drew M.et al.,"Focused radiation for augmenting immune-based therapies against neoplasms",issued 2012-12-27
  21. ↑ US20180036301A1,Brem, Henry; Mangraviti, Antonella& Olivi, Alessandroet al.,"Local delivery forms of acriflavine for treating tumors",issued 2018-02-08
  22. 1 2 US20200001121A1,Manbachi, Amir; Siewerdsen, Jeffrey& Ellens, Nicholaset al.,"Flexible control and guidance of minimally invasive focused ultrasound",issued 2020-01-02
  23. ↑ Bettegowda, Chetan; et al. (2014). "Detection of circulating tumor DNA in early-and late-stage human malignancies". Science Translational Medicine. 6 (224): 224ra24. doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3007094. PMC   4017867 . PMID   24553385 . Retrieved 2023-06-12.
  24. ↑ "Placebo-controlled trial of safety and efficacy of intraoperative controlled delivery by biodegradable polymers of chemotherapy for recurrent gliomas". scholar.google.com. Retrieved 2023-06-12.
  25. ↑ "Bone morphogenetic proteins inhibit the tumorigenic potential of human brain tumour-initiating cells". scholar.google.com. Retrieved 2023-06-12.
  26. ↑ "Anti-PD-1 blockade and stereotactic radiation produce long-term survival in mice with intracranial gliomas". scholar.google.com. Retrieved 2023-06-12.
  27. ↑ "Survival following surgery and prognostic factors for recently diagnosed malignant glioma: data from the Glioma Outcomes Project". scholar.google.com. Retrieved 2023-06-12.
  28. ↑ "Independent association of extent of resection with survival in patients with malignant brain astrocytoma". scholar.google.com. Retrieved 2023-06-12.
  29. ↑ "Polylactic acid (PLA) controlled delivery carriers for biomedical applications". scholar.google.com. Retrieved 2023-06-12.
  30. ↑ "Interstitial chemotherapy with drug polymer implants for the treatment of recurrent gliomas". scholar.google.com. Retrieved 2023-06-12.
  31. ↑ "Multi-pulse drug delivery from a resorbable polymeric microchip device". scholar.google.com. Retrieved 2023-06-12.
  32. ↑ "Extent of surgical resection is independently associated with survival in patients with hemispheric infiltrating low-grade gliomas". scholar.google.com. Retrieved 2023-06-12.
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