Hmong sausage

Last updated
Hmong sausage
Hmong cuisine - sausage and spring roll crop.jpg
Sausage meal from a Wisconsin Hmong restaurant
Alternative namesnyhuv ntxwm hmoob (Hmong)
Type sausage
Region or state Hmong diaspora, Southeast Asia
Associated cuisine Hmong cuisine
Serving temperaturehot
Main ingredients
Ingredients generally used
Variationsspicy, ginger, made with blood, egg roll-style [1]
Similar dishes Lao sausage

Hmong sausage (Hmong: nyhuv ntxwm hmoob [2] ) is a long thick pork sausage from Hmong culture seasoned with herbs like lemongrass and Thai chili pepper. The sausage is popular during Hmong New Year celebrations. The exact recipe varies depending on factors such as clan and individual immigration background.

Contents

Hmong being a diaspora incorporate a wide variety of ingredients, methods, and cultural backgrounds in Hmong cuisine such as Hmong sausage. There is no standard recipe for Hmong sausage, but the key ingredients are coarse ground fatty pork cuts such as pork belly and pork shoulder, Thai chili peppers, lemongrass, Kaffir lime leaf or lime juice, and fresh ginger root or galangal. [2] [3] [4] [5] Other common ingredients are salt, black pepper, garlic, scallions, shallots, fish sauce, oyster sauce, cilantro, green onion, Serrano pepper, and monosodium glutamate (MSG). [6] [2] [7] [3] [8] Fresh aromatic herbs are prioritized for flavor and are visible under the sausage casing. [9] [6] One commercial producer sells a number of popular variations: original (no chilies), spicy (with chilies), ginger, made with pork blood, and "egg roll-style" made with vermicelli noodles and other egg roll fillings. [1]

Typically Hmong sausage is 1 and 1/4th inches in diameter and sliced into 9 inch long links for cooking and serving. [8] The sausage is usually sold and served fresh, although some variations are lightly fermented or cured. Commercial outlets ship the sausage frozen. [10] [11]

Hmong sausage is typically grilled at a low heat and served as large slices with steamed white rice or purple sticky rice, another signature Hmong dish, pan fried with blanched cabbage, or with pho soup. [3] [2] [11] [12] Sour and spicy sauces are served on the side, especially a Hmong sauce made with Thai chilies called "pepper dip". Reflecting the diverse backgrounds of Hmong people, some restaurants offer "Thai-style" or "Lao-style" preparations. [13] The sausage is widely available in Hmong communities at restaurants, butchers, and delis. [6] [2] [4]

Culture

A vendor selling sausages at the Hmong Ban Vinai Refugee Camp, Thailand More Scenes of Ban Vinai 0024.jpg
A vendor selling sausages at the Hmong Ban Vinai Refugee Camp, Thailand

Many Hmong Americans express that making and eating traditional Hmong foods such as sausage connects them to their identity and family history. [3] About Hmong sausage in relation to the difficult background of Hmong immigrants, Minnesota Hmong American chef Yia Vang said: "This sausage is redemption... I’m proud of it... I’m not ashamed anymore. This shit is legacy." [11]

Hmong sausage is commonly processed and served during special occasions like Hmong New Year celebrations. Hmong American families tend to make the sausage in large batches with common American processing equipment such as sausage stuffing machines and synthetic sausage casing, although historically and in other Hmong diasporas across the world the sausage is produced by hand, frequently in small batches. [2] Chef Yia Vang recalls his father teaching him to coarsely chop pork by hand and stuff it into intestine casing with a modified Coca-Cola bottle. [11]

Looped smoked sausage made by Hmong in Vietnam. Vietnam Sausage (6843367117).jpg
Looped smoked sausage made by Hmong in Vietnam.

Hmong Americans tend to make the sausage a foot or more long and very thick, then eat it fresh or freeze it to preserve it. Some families prefer shorter sausages. Others prefer to lightly ferment or smoke the sausage for flavor and preservation. [10] [11]

Hmong families pass down "secret" sausage recipes and don't disclose the exact ingredients or methods they use. In Cooking from the Heart: The Hmong Kitchen in America (2023), an authoritative Hmong American cookbook, the authors say: "Good cooks guard their sausage recipes, and everyone makes sausage a little differently." [2] La Vang-Herr, proprietor of @La's, a Hmong food cart in Aloha, Oregon, declined to share their recipe and revealed only that the main ingredients of their sausage are "juicy ground pork and aromatics like ginger and lemongrass". [4]

Commercial preparation

Hmong College Prep Academy in Saint Paul, Minnesota serves Hmong sausage to its students Hmong College Prep Academy.jpg
Hmong College Prep Academy in Saint Paul, Minnesota serves Hmong sausage to its students

There are numerous commercial producers of Hmong sausage including:

Restaurants that serve Hmong sausage include:

Union Hmong Kitchen debuted at the Minnesota State Fair in 2022 with dishes such as purple sticky rice and Hmong sausage. [17] Kramarczuk's, a James Beard Award-winning Ukranian deli in Minneapolis, makes and sells Union Hmong Kitchen branded Hmong sausage. [18]

Hmong College Prep Academy, located in the largest urban Hmong population, serves Hmong sausage and other Hmong specialties for its students. [19]

See also

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Yia Vang is a Hmong-American chef in Minneapolis, Minnesota.

References

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