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Trilobites are extinct marine arthropods that form the class Trilobita. Trilobites form one of the earliest-known groups of arthropods. The first appearance of trilobites in the fossil record defines the base of the Atdabanian stage of the Early Cambrian period and they flourished throughout the lower Paleozoic before slipping into a long decline, when, during the Devonian, all trilobite orders except the Proetida died out. The last extant trilobites finally disappeared in the mass extinction at the end of the Permian about 252 million years ago. Trilobites were among the most successful of all early animals, existing in oceans for almost 270 million years, with over 20,000 species having been described.
Ptychopariida is a large, heterogeneous order of trilobite containing some of the most primitive species known. The earliest species occurred in the second half of the Lower Cambrian, and the last species did not survive the Ordovician–Silurian extinction event.
Arachnomorpha is a proposed subdivision or clade of Arthropoda, comprising the group formed by the trilobites and their close relatives (Artiopoda), Megacheira and chelicerates. Under this proposed classification scheme, Arachnomorpha is considered the sister group to Mandibulata.
Ceraurus is a genus of cheirurid trilobite of the middle and, much more rarely, the upper Ordovician. They are commonly found in strata of the lower Great Lakes region. These trilobites have eleven thoracic segments, a very small pygidium and long genal and pygidial spines.
Encrinurus is a long-lived genus of phacopid trilobites that lived in what are now Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America from the middle Ordovician to the early Devonian from 472 to 412.3 mya, existing for approximately 59.7 million years.
Leonaspis is a widespread genus of odontopleurid trilobite that lived from the Late Ordovician to the late Middle Devonian. Fossils of various species have been found on all continents except Antarctica.
Sphaerocoryphe is a genus of trilobite that lived from the middle Ordovician to the Silurian. Its fossils have been found in Australia, Europe, and North America. Both Sphaerocoryphe and Hemisphaerocoryphe had a characteristically bulbous glabella, and the two may represent only one genus.
Cheirurus is a genus of phacopid trilobites that lived from the Late Cambrian to the Middle Devonian. Its remains have been found in Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, and North America. Cheirurus is the type genus of Cheiruridae.
Aegrotocatellus is a genus of trilobite in the order Phacopida, which existed in what is now Nunavut, Canada. It was named by Adrain and Edgecombe in 1995, and the type species is Aegrotocatellus jaggeri, a species named after British musician Mick Jagger.
Deltacephalaspis is an extinct genus of trilobites in the order Phacopida. It contains four species, D. comis, D. magister, D. retrospina, and D. tumida. Fossils of the genus have been found in the Belén, Icla and Gamoneda Formations of Bolivia and the Gydo Formation of South Africa.
Cindarella is genus of trilobite-like Cambrian arthropod known from the Chengjiang biota of China. It is classified in the stem group of trilobites (Artiopoda) in the clade Xandarellida, along with Phytophilaspis, Sinoburius, and Xandarella.
Remopleurides is an extinct genus of trilobites.
Acanthopyge is an extinct genus of lichid trilobite that lived during the Devonian. Very few A. consanguinea from the Devonian of Oklahoma have been found, and only a handful of complete specimens from Morocco, and many so-called Acanthopyge-specimens from Morocco are fake.
Harpides is an extinct genus of harpetid trilobite of the family Harpididae.
Illaenus is a genus of trilobites from Russia and Morocco, from the middle Ordovician.
Phillipsiidae is a family of proetid trilobites, the various genera of which comprise some of the last of the trilobites, with a range that extended from the Kinderhookian epoch of the Lower Mississippian, to the end of Changhsingian age at Permian-Triassic extinction event in the latest Permian period.
Proetus is a genus of proetid trilobite found in Silurian-aged marine strata of Europe.
Paladin is a genus of trilobite which lived 354-259 Ma, during the Late Paleozoic era; more specifically, during the Carboniferous and Permian periods. It was widespread: fossils have been discovered in what are now East Asia, Europe and North America.
The Artiopoda is a grouping of extinct arthropods that includes trilobites and their close relatives. It was erected by Hou and Bergström in 1997 to encompass a wide diversity of arthropods that would traditionally have been assigned to the Trilobitomorpha. Hou and Bergström used the name Lamellipedia as a superclass to replace Trilobitomorpha that was originally erected at the subphylum level, which they considered inappropriate.
Ameura is an extinct genus of trilobite belonging to the family Proetidae. Fossils from the genus have been found in late Paleozoic beds in North America.
References
- ↑ Available Generic Names for Trilobites P.A. Jell and J.M. Adrain.
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