Hooria Mashhour | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Minister of Human Rights | |
| In office 7 December 2011 –November 2014 | |
| President | Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi |
| Prime Minister | Mohammed Basindawa |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1954 |
| Nationality | Yemeni |
Hooria Mashhour (born 1954) is a Yemeni human rights and women's rights activist. [1] She held the position of Minister of Human Rights in post-revolution Yemen,starting in 2012. Due to safety concerns,she left the position in 2014,moving to Aden.
In 2000,Mashhour was the deputy of the Women's National Committee,a Yemeni government-funded semi-independent women's association. [2] She resigned in 2011 in order to take part in the revolution known as the Arab Spring. [3] She was active in calling for President Ali Abdullah Saleh to face prosecution for his alleged killing of protestors on 18 March 2011 in Yemen's capital city,Sana'a. [4] [5] She went on hunger strike in 2011 to draw attention to the detention of 60 activists. [6] Since 2011,she has become a spokesperson for the Houthi-led National Council. [4] [7]
In 2012,President Abed Rabbuh Mansour Hadi named her as Yemen's first human rights minister. In her capacity as the Minister of Human Rights,she tracked corruption,abuse and detentions which violate human rights and dignity. [3] She also has worked to end child marriage in Yemen. [3] [8]
Mashhour has spoken out against drone attacks and bombings carried out by the United States and Saudi Arabia against Yemen. She has said that "To have an innocent person fall,this is a major breach." [9] She has written out against these attacks in The Washington Post ,drawing attention to individuals who have been affected by the violence. [10]
In 2013,she announced legislation to require that the minimum age for women to marry is eighteen years of age. [11]
In 2014,Mashhour's safety was at risk,so she moved to Aden and left the position of Minister of Human Rights. [12] Ezzedine al-Asbahi was appointed to take her place in 2015. [12]
The conflict in Yemen forced Mashoor to flee to Germany as a refugee. [13] [14] [15]
In 2020,she called for inclusion of women in government,stating that without women,no government has legitimacy. [13]
Mashoor is an advocate for the role of women in Yemeni society,having spoken at many events about the historical role of women during the 10th,11th,and 12th centuries AD. [4]
Yemen,officially the Republic of Yemen,is a sovereign state in West Asia. Located in the southern Arabian Peninsula,it borders Saudi Arabia to the north,Oman to the northeast,and the Indian Ocean to the south,sharing maritime borders with Eritrea,Djibouti and Somalia across the Horn of Africa. Covering roughly 528,000 square kilometres,with a coastline of approximately 2,000 kilometres,Yemen is the second largest country on the Arabian Peninsula. Sanaa is its constitutional capital and largest city. Yemen's estimated population is 34.7 million,comprised mostly of Arab Muslims. It is a member of the Arab League,the United Nations,the Non-Aligned Movement and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation.
The president of the Republic of Yemen is the head of state of Yemen. Under the Constitution of Yemen,the president is also the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces and head of the executive branch of the Yemeni government.
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Human rights in Yemen are seen as problematic. The security forces have been responsible for torture,inhumane treatment and even extrajudicial executions. In recent years there has been some improvement,with the government signing several international human rights treaties,and even appointing a woman,Dr. Wahiba Fara’a,to the role of Minister of the State of Human Rights.
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On 26 March 2015,Saudi Arabia,leading a coalition of nine countries from West Asia and North Africa,launched an intervention in Yemen at the request of Yemeni president Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi,who had been ousted from the capital,Sanaa,in September 2014 by Houthi insurgents during the Yemeni Civil War. Efforts by the United Nations to facilitate a power sharing arrangement under a new transitional government collapsed,leading to escalating conflict between government forces,Houthi rebels,and other armed groups,which culminated in Hadi fleeing to Saudi Arabia shortly before it began military operations in the country.
Iona Craig is a British-Irish freelance journalist. Since 2010 her reporting has focused on Yemen and the Arabian Peninsula.
War crimes and human rights violations,committed by all warring parties,have been widespread throughout the Yemeni civil war. This includes the two main groups involved in the ongoing conflict:forces loyal to the current Yemeni president,Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi,and Houthis and other forces supporting Ali Abdullah Saleh,the former Yemeni president. Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula and the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant have also carried out attacks in Yemen. The Saudi-led coalition,backed by the United States and other nations,has also been accused of violating human rights and breaking international law,especially in regards to airstrikes that repeatedly hit civilian targets.
The following is a timeline of the Yemeni civil war,which began in September 2014.
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The Anad base drone strike was a Houthi attack carried out on 10 January 2019 in the Lahij Governorate near the southern port city of Aden. The strike killed six people attending a military parade,including the head of Yemeni Intelligence,and wounded at least 25 military personnel including a number of senior officers from the Yemeni army,the country's chief of staff,and a government official.
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Events in the year 2021 in Saudi Arabia.
