2008 attack on the United States embassy in Yemen

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2008 attack on the United States embassy in Yemen
Part of the al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen
Aftermath of the 2008 attack on the United States embassy in Sanaa.jpg
Soldiers and authorities responding to the attack
2008 attack on the United States embassy in Yemen
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140m
153yds
2
Approximate locations of the first and second car bomb detonations
LocationDhahr Himyar, Sanaa, Yemen
Coordinates 15°22′24″N44°13′48″E / 15.3732°N 44.2299°E / 15.3732; 44.2299
Date17 September 2008 (2008-09-17)
9:10 – 9:53 a.m. AST (UTC+3)
TargetChancery building of the United States embassy
Attack type
 Car bombings, suicide bombings, mass shooting
Weapons Car bombs, suicide vests, automatic rifles
Deaths19 (including 7 attackers)
Injured8
PerpetratorIslamic State flag.svg Al-Qaeda in the South of the Arabian Peninsula
No. of participants
7
DefendersFlag of the Yemeni Central Security Organization.svg Central Security Forces
Flag of the United States Department of State.svg Diplomatic Security Service

On 17 September 2008, a group of seven heavily armed militants launched a coordinated attack on the United States embassy in Sanaa, Yemen. Dressed in army uniforms, the attackers planned to infiltrate the compound through the main gate in two vehicles before bombing the embassy wall and raiding it. After being denied entrance, the militants opened fire on the guards at the front entrance and launched a suicide car bomb attack on the guard post near the gate. While the militants were engaged with responding Yemeni security forces, a second car driven by a suicide bomber managed to get past the outer security checkpoint and detonated near a civilian entrance to the embassy after hitting an inner ring of concrete blocks. Yemeni forces continued to clash with the militants for 10 to 15 minutes until all of them were killed.

19 people were killed in the attack, including the seven militants who conducted it, six Yemeni security personnel and six civilians. Three Yemeni police officers and 13 civilians were also wounded. No American embassy employees or diplomats were harmed, though a security guard employed by the embassy was killed at the front entrance. The only American citizen killed in the attack was Susan Elbaneh, an 18-year-old Yemeni-American woman who was waiting outside the embassy with her husband.

A previously unknown group called Islamic Jihad in Yemen claimed responsibility for conducting the attack shortly after it. The group claimed it was connected to al-Qaeda and would launch further attacks on foreign embassies in Sanaa if the Yemeni government did not free imprisoned militants. A US Department of State spokesman claimed the attacks bore "all the hallmarks" of al-Qaeda, with analysts suggesting that the group may have had Islamic Jihad claim the attack on its behalf. Al-Qaeda in the South of the Arabian Peninsula (AQSAP), the group's official branch in Yemen, later claimed responsibility for the attack on 14 November and vowed further attacks on Western targets. After the attack, Yemeni investigators apprehended six suspects affiliated with Islamic JIhad, including its purported leader. Three of them were tried for being connected to the Israeli government, one receiving the death penalty while the other two were imprisoned. The attack was condemned by the Yemen and the US, along with the United Nations and several other countries.

Background

The embassy was previously targeted in a mortar attack on 18 March, though the shells fired at the embassy missed it and instead hit a nearby girls school, injuring 13 children. [1] The attack, as well as another targeting a residential compound housing Americans workers in April were attributed to the Jund al-Yemen Brigades, an offshoot of AQSAP. [2] On 11 August, five militants including group leader Hamza al-Quaiti was killed in a raid by Yemeni security forces in Tareem, Hadhramaut. [3] [4] The same day, the US embassy rescinded an order forcing all nonessential personnel to leave the country "because the security situation appeared to have improved" from when it was issued in April, according to an embassy spokesperson. [5] [3] The Jund al-Yemen Brigades issued a statement on 23 August pledging to continue its attacks and vowing revenge for the killing of Quaiti. [6] [7]

Attack

The attack was perpetrated by seven militants utilizing two explosive-laden Suzuki jeeps, heavily modified with tinted windows and cutouts in the roofs for gunmen. Their plan was to have the first vehicle, driven by two suicide bombers, breach the main gate of the embassy compound, allowing the second vehicle to enter and insert the other militants, each armed with automatic rifles and suicide vests, into the embassy's chancery building. To reach the gate, the militants attempted to impersonate a delegation of the Yemeni Armed Forces, fitting their vehicles with paint jobs and license plates consistent with those used by the military while wearing army fatigues. [8] The militants were likely attempting to capitalize off an early morning attack during Ramadan, as security would potentially be less attentive and most nearby businesses were closed. [9] [7]

Upon arriving, the convoy successfully passed by a cordon on the road ran by the Central Security Forces (CSF) at 9:10 a.m. local time before reaching another outer checkpoint at the embassy's parking lot, [10] [11] which guarded access to the gate about 200 yards further away. [9] One militant claimed to the two guards manning the station that they were transporting a military general for a meeting with US ambassador Stephen Seche. Already suspicious due to the rarity of Seche conducting meetings at the embassy itself, one of the guards began to approach the first vehicle before he stopped to note its tinted windows, whereupon a gunman appeared from the roof hole and opened fire. The guard ran to cover, but the other one who was manning the rope to the gate's drop bar, Mukhtar al-Faqih, waited a few more seconds until it was completely closed before sounding the embassy's alarm system. Faqih then attempted to escape towards cover before he was gunned down. [8]

One of the militants managed to lift the drop bar at the checkpoint and allowed for the convoy to enter the parking lot, but the element of surprise was gone. Instead of targeting the main gate, at 9:13 a.m., the first vehicle sped down the road and exploded into a Yemeni military technical parked adjacent to the gate as gunmen traded fire with the guards. [10] [12] Numerous civilians waiting in line by the gate were killed by the blast and the shooting. [10] [13]

The bombers failed to clear open the gate as planned, forcing rest of the group to search for weak points from which they could breach the embassy. From 9:15 a.m. onwards, security footage exhibited several militants probing the front of the embassy on foot while firing through openings in the structure and across the road. The drivers of the second vehicle spent several minutes looking for a point to attack before deciding on the pedestrian entrance in the parking lot. [10] Once the three militants on the ground took cover, at 9:22 a.m. the two occupants detonated their vehicle. [10] [14]

The second bomb failed to breach the wall of the embassy. The propane tanks fitted in the vehicle to amplify the explosion instead flew across the area. The remaining three militants continued to maintain control of the entrance, but they did not have a way to enter the embassy. At around 9:33 a.m., they opened at a fire truck arriving at the scene, forcing it to retreat. Shortly afterwards, one of the gunmen set off their suicide vest next to a wall near the gate in an attempt to create an opening, but was unsuccessful. Another militant later attempted the same and failed, leaving only one of the seven militants alive. By 9:53 a.m., while possibly wounded, the sole attacker attempted to surrender to a police officer while cooking a grenade, though the officer managed to retreat before the militant blew himself up. [10] [15]

Embassy personnel response

Ambassador Seche was in his office on the third floor of the chancery building when the first explosion occurred. Shortly after, he ran down the hallway to the office of the Regional Security Officer (RSO), Nicholas Collura, intending to coordinate with him. Upon finding that he wasn't present, Seche ran to Post 1, the "command-and-control center" of the embassy, where he was let in by a Marine Security Guard. Viewing the remaining security cameras active at the blast site, Seche noted that "the men on the black-and-white CCTV monitors didn’t look like they were in a hurry ... these men had just killed a lot of people, executing some of them, but on the screen they looked too casual to be murderers." He grew increasingly frustrated as Yemeni security forces failed to neutralize the attackers. [10]

Embassy spokesman Ryan Gliha said that everyone present in the embassy was ordered to remain in a duck-and-cover position. [16] Diplomatic personnel were transferred to a safe room in the basement of the embassy building. [9] At his office on the first floor of the chancery, Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) legal attaché Richard Schwein guided two female colleagues into a safe room immediately after the explosion before calling FBI headquarters and his assistant Susan Ostrobinski, who was in Ethiopia at the time. [10]

Collura was at the British embassy in Sanaa when we received a call at 9:15 a.m. informing him of the attack. He quickly drove to the front of the embassy, where he found Yemeni security personnel pinned down by gunfire. Fearing that the embassy had been breached, he ran to a back-door to the compound, which was locked, before going to a CSF base adjacent to the northwest corner of the compound, but failing to convince the some 40 soldiers there to act, even after having an embassy surveillance detection officer translated his orders. Collura and the officer then went by themselves to the northeastern corner of the compound wall, near where the attackers were present. An auxiliary gate controlled by Post 1 was a turn away from the corner. Collura phoned Post 1 and coordinated to quickly open the gate to allow them to enter before shutting it. As the two were making their first attempt, the second car bomb detonated nearby, knocking them to the ground and forcing them to retreat to cover. The second attempt, which took place just after the final militant had died, was successful. [10]

Once inside, Collura went to Post 1 to make contact with Seche, while alert for any remaining militants possibly inside the compound. He then met with Schwein and formulated a team to secure the rest of the compound. After arming themselves, they set out to retrieve any stranded civilians before searching every building in the compound. At 9:58 a.m., Collura declared to embassy staff that the threat was neutralized. [10]

Casualties

Mukhtar al-Faqih, the sole embassy worker killed in the attack. Mokhtar Ahmed Al-Faqeh.jpg
Mukhtar al-Faqih, the sole embassy worker killed in the attack.

Including the seven perpetrators, a total of 19 people had died in the attack. [8] Six soldiers from the CSF were killed [17] along with four civilians, including an Indian nurse and guard Mukhtar al-Faqih, classified by the US government as a Foreign Service National. [18] [8] Three CSF officers and seven civilians, including multiple children living across the street, were wounded. [18] [13] An injured, 30-year-old local resident who succumbed to their injuries the next day raised the number of deaths to 17. [19] [20] By September 22, another wounded civilian had died, raising the death toll to 18. [21] Months later, al-Qaeda's claim of responsibility for the attack corrected the initial count of six militants taking part in it, placing the total figure at 19. [22]

No American diplomatic personnel or embassy staff were among the casualties. [12] The only American citizen to die in the attack was civilian visitor Susan Elbaneh. [23] An 18-year-old Yemeni-American high school senior and native of Lackawanna, New York, Elbanah had gone to the embassy in Yemen to help her husband, who she had married in Yemen a month prior, sign paperwork to obtain approval for moving to the US. [13] Her and her husband were waiting in line outside the embassy when they were killed. [24] Elbanah was a distant relative of Lackawanna Six al-Qaeda supporter Jaber Elbaneh who was incarcerated in Yemen at the time, though her family stated that she had no relationship with him and was a "victim of terrorism." [20] [24]

Responsibility

Immediately after the attack, a little-known group called Islamic Jihad in Yemen claimed responsibility for it in a statement posted online. The group's leader, Abu al-Ghaith al-Yamani, stated that it was "belonging to the al-Qaeda organisation" and threatened to conduct further attacks on the British, Saudi and Emirati embassies in Sanaa among others if their jailed members were not released within two days. [25] [26]

US State Department spokesman Sean McCormack official said that the attack bore "all the hallmarks" of al-Qaeda, citing "multiple vehicle-borne devices, along with personnel on foot." [7] [27] Intelligence consulting firm Stratfor referred to the attack as "complex" and attributed it to "jihadists affiliated with the Yemeni node of al-Qaeda." [28] Analysts suggested that al-Qaeda may have claimed the attack under the name of Islamic Jihad to exaggerate its own size or the number of armed groups fighting against the government. [3] [21] Analyst Gregory D. Johnsen expressed doubt that Islamic Jihad was behind the attack, claiming that "some individual such as Abu Ghayth al-Yamani hears the news and dashes off a fax, and then a day or two later the group responsible posts an official statement claiming responsibility." [29]

On 14 November, SITE Intelligence Group reported that AQSAP had taken responsibility for the attack in an internet post. The post provided a detailed description of the seven militants, led by scholar and fighter Lutf Muhammad Abu Abdul-Rahman, breached the security of the embassy, and vowed more attacks against "all dens of the Crusaders". The post also claimed that administrative officer Jeffrey Patneau was killed in the attacks, though the US embassy posted a message stating that he had died in an unrelated traffic collision later in the month. [22]

Investigation

A Yemeni security official said that a team of FBI investigators had been dispatched to examine evidence from the attack and to interrogate suspects. [30] [31] The embassy was temporarily closed until 20 September to help investigators. [32] American investigators were seen probing the area around the embassy the next day. [11] Cooperation between Yemeni and American investigators had waned by the end of the year. [33]

By 18 September, Yemeni authorities had arrested 30 people in connection to the attack. [26] [32] Diplomatic commentators claimed it was a routine reaction by the Yemeni government after a terrorist attack, cautioning that security forces arrest "the usual suspects, and then nothing comes out of it." [1] Yemeni security forces blocked traffic around the embassy and were stopping and searching people travelling in the neighbourhood. [34]

On 22 September, the Yemeni Interior Ministry stated that they were holding six key suspects in the attack, one of whom was militant Abu Ghaith al-Yamani, who signed the statement for Islamic Jihad claiming the attack. According to the ministry, a total of 50 people were arrested in connection to the attack. [21] Yemeni President Ali Abdullah Saleh referred to the six as an Israeli intelligence-linked terrorist cell during a speech on 7 October, to which Israeli Foreign Ministry spokesperson Yigal Palmor responded by calling the accusations "far-fetched." [35]

On 26 September, a security official stated that investigators were viewing CCTV footage from the embassy during the time of the attack. DNA tests were also being run on the remains of the attackers and compared to individuals who have criminal records, were previously or currently detained, or are wanted in other terrorism cases. He also stated that investigators found that the license plates on the two car bombs in the attack were both fake. [36]

On 1 November, a Yemeni security official stated that authorities had identified the six militants who perpetrated the attack. [37] He stated that the attackers were trained at al-Qaeda camps in Hadhramaut and Marib Governorates, and that three of the militants had recently returned from fighting alongside al-Qaeda in Iraq. [38] [37]

On 10 January 2009, the trial for three of the six suspects had begun, with the Yemeni government holding them responsible for collaborating with Israeli intelligence in "spreading false news of attacks on government buildings, embassies and foreign interests in Yemen between May and September 2008" and claiming the attack on the US embassy on behalf of Islamic Jihad. [39] Yamani, the main defendant whose real name was Bassam al-Haidari, was accused of sending an email to Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert which wrote "We are the Organisation of Islamic Jihad and you are Jews, but you are honest, and we are ready to do anything," to which Olmert responded in support. [40] On 23 March, the court sentenced Haidari to death, while giving out a five-year and three-year prison sentence for Ali al-Mahfal and Ammar al-Raimi respectively. [41] Haidari's death sentence was upheld by a court decision on 2 April 2010. [42]

Al Jazeera investigation

As a part of an investigative series released by Al Jazeera on 4 June 2015, Hani Muhammad Mujahid, a former AQSAP informant for the Yemeni government, provided his account for the attack. Mujahid said that he had notified his government handlers of the attack on three different occasions; three months, one week and three days before it took place, but all were ignored. [43] He had also given the government details regarding the operation, including the house in which the explosives were being prepared, the fact that they would use two vehicles, and where they would come from. [44] Mujahid claimed that AQSAP was "running low on weaponry, particularly in the lead-up to the embassy attack", but that Ammar Mohammed Saleh, the nephew of former President Ali Abdullah Saleh and then deputy of the National Security Bureau, knowingly aided the group. He claims that he was given money by Saleh which was to be distributed to AQSAP senior leader Qasim al-Raymi to fund the attack. [45]

The same day that the investigation was released, President Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi issued a decree dismissing Saleh from his role as a military attaché in Ethiopia. [46]

Aftermath

Reactions

President George W. Bush condemned the attack during a meeting with General David Petraeus. President George W. Bush Meets with U.S. Army General David Petraeus in the Oval Office.jpg
President George W. Bush condemned the attack during a meeting with General David Petraeus.

President Saleh vowed to track down the perpetrators of the attack and stated that "attacks against foreigners damage our nation, our national interests, and national stability," during a speech in al-Hudaydah. He also criticized protesters who chanted slogans such as "death to America" and "death to Israel" and claimed that they were "harming the security and stability of their country." [30] Yemeni Foreign Minister Abu Bakr al-Qirbi said the attack was "a desperate operation by terrorist elements who are responding to successful government measures that have resulted in the elimination of terrorist groups." [5] He also requested more American assistance to battle al-Qaeda, but added that the US should "focus its aid more on developing the economy and educational system to achieve long-term success." [47] He later said that the attack did not create a negative impact on relations between Yemen and the US. [48]

The US State Department advised American citizens to avoid unessential travel to Yemen and gave non-emergency embassy personnel authorization to leave the country. [30] [31] US embassies in other Gulf countries issued an advisory for Americans to "remain alert to personal security." [31] The US embassy issued a statement after the attack condemning it and announcing a joint investigation with Yemeni authorities to "bring the perpetrators of this heinous terrorist crime to justice." [49]

President George W. Bush labeled the attack as "a reminder that we are at war with extremists who will murder innocent people to achieve their ideological objectives" during an appearance at the White House with Army General David H. Petraeus. [7] He added that the US "will continue to work with the government of Yemen to increase our counterterrorism activities to prevent more attacks from taking place." [5] Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice spoke to President Saleh through a phone call to "reinforce the importance of counterterrorism cooperation" according to the State Department. During a press conference, State Department spokesperson McCormack said that the Yemeni government could "do more" to reinforce its commitment to counterterrorism, adding that "we want to work with them to build up their capabilities at this point." [50] Presidential candidate Barack Obama issued a statement condemning the attack and advocating for increased counterterrorism support for US allies. [3]

Statements of condemnation were issued by the United Nations [51] and the European Union, [52] as well as Japan [53] and Canada [54] among other countries.

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "13 hurt in Yemen attack; U.S. Embassy thought target". CNN . 18 March 2008. Archived from the original on 23 March 2008. Retrieved 27 December 2024.
  2. ↑ Noueihed, Lin (3 May 2008). "Qaeda claims attack on Italian embassy in Yemen". Reuters . Archived from the original on 12 May 2008. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Worth, Robert F. (17 September 2008). "10 Are Killed in Bombings at Embassy in Yemen". The New York Times . Archived from the original on 17 September 2024. Retrieved 27 December 2024.
  4. ↑ Arrabyee, Nasser (26 September 2008). "Soldiers killed in embassy attack buried among martyrs". Gulf News . Retrieved 27 December 2024.
  5. 1 2 3 Derhally, Massoud A.; Hall, Camilla (17 September 2008). "U.S.'s Yemen Embassy Attacked by Militants; 16 Killed (Update5)". Bloomberg News. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 18 September 2008.
  6. ↑ Hill, Ginny (29 August 2008). "Yemen's fight against resurgent Al Qaeda". The Christian Science Monitor . ISSN   0882-7729. Archived from the original on 16 October 2024. Retrieved 23 December 2024.
  7. 1 2 3 4 Bauer, Shane; Daragahi, Borzou (18 September 2008). "U.S Embassy attacked in Yemen" . Los Angeles Times . Archived from the original on 8 October 2024. Retrieved 27 December 2024.
  8. 1 2 3 4 Johnsen, Gregory D. (22 May 2014). "The Benghazi That Wasn't: How One Man Saved The American Embassy In Yemen". BuzzFeed . Archived from the original on 23 February 2017. Retrieved 20 October 2025.
  9. 1 2 3 MacLeod, Scott (17 September 2008). "In Yemen, a Massacre of Americans Is Averted". Time . Retrieved 27 December 2024.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Johnsen, Gregory D. (22 May 2014). "The Benghazi That Wasn't: How One Man Saved The American Embassy In Yemen". BuzzFeed . Archived from the original on 23 February 2017. Retrieved 20 October 2025.
  11. 1 2 Watson, Ivan (18 September 2008). "Embassy Attack Puts New Focus On Yemen". NPR . Retrieved 12 March 2025.
  12. 1 2 Worth, Robert F. (17 September 2008). "16 killed in bombing of U.S. Embassy in Yemen" . The New York Times . ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on 12 January 2023. Retrieved 21 October 2025.
  13. 1 2 3 "Deadly attack on US Embassy in Yemen". ABC7 New York . Associated Press. 17 September 2008. Retrieved 27 December 2024.
  14. ↑ Knickmeyer, Ellen (17 September 2008). "Attack Against U.S. Embassy In Yemen Blamed on Al-Qaeda" . The Washington Post . ISSN   0190-8286. Archived from the original on 27 December 2024. Retrieved 27 December 2024.
  15. ↑ Wedeman, Ben (18 September 2008). "Aftermath of a suicide bombing". CNN . Archived from the original on 21 September 2008. Retrieved 11 March 2025.
  16. ↑ "Al Qaeda blamed for U.S. Embassy attack". CNN . 17 September 2008. Archived from the original on 20 September 2008. Retrieved 22 October 2025.
  17. ↑ "Diplomatic Security Service Memorial". United States Department of State . Retrieved 23 October 2025.
  18. 1 2 ""مأرب برس" تنشر أسماء قتلى وجرحى الهجوم على السفارة الامريكية وتتفرد بنشر اسماء بعضهم" [Marib Press publishes the names of those killed and wounded in the attack on the US embassy and exclusively publishes the names of them]. Mareb Press. 19 September 2008. Retrieved 23 October 2025.
  19. ↑ "Suspected Militants Arrested in Embassy Attack That Killed U.S. Woman in Yemen". Fox News . Associated Press. 25 March 2015. Retrieved 23 October 2025.
  20. 1 2 Knickmeyer, Ellen (19 September 2008). "Toll in Yemen Rises, Includes American". The Washington Post . ISSN   0190-8286 . Retrieved 17 November 2008.
  21. 1 2 3 "Six held in Yemen over attack on US Embassy". Al Arabiya English . 23 September 2008. Retrieved 28 December 2024.
  22. 1 2 "Qaeda says 7 'martyred' in attack on US embassy in Yemen". Agence France-Presse . 14 November 2008. Archived from the original on 18 February 2012. Retrieved 28 December 2024.
  23. ↑ "U.S. woman among embassy attack victims". CNN . 18 September 2008. Archived from the original on 20 September 2008. Retrieved 27 December 2024.
  24. 1 2 Watson, Ivan (29 September 2008). "Embassy Attack Marks Rise Of Al-Qaida In Yemen". NPR . Retrieved 27 December 2024.
  25. ↑ "Yemen arrests 19 after US embassy attack". The Telegraph . 17 September 2008. Archived from the original on 23 May 2023. Retrieved 27 December 2024.
  26. 1 2 Sudam, Mohammed (18 September 2008). "Yemen arrests 30 after U.S. embassy attack". Reuters . Archived from the original on 21 September 2008. Retrieved 27 December 2024.
  27. ↑ Pleming, Sue (17 September 2008). "U.S. sees signs of al Qaeda in Yemen attacks". Reuters . Archived from the original on 17 May 2021. Retrieved 27 December 2024.
  28. ↑ Bauer, Shane (18 September 2008). "U.S. Embassy hit in Yemen, raising militancy concerns". The Christian Science Monitor . ISSN   0882-7729. Archived from the original on 13 November 2024. Retrieved 18 September 2008.
  29. ↑ Johnsen, Gregory D. (18 September 2008). "Attacks in Yemen: Claimant May Be Lying". Jihadica . Retrieved 16 March 2025.
  30. 1 2 3 Yeranian, Edward (19 September 2008). "Yemeni President Vows More Arrests in US Embassy Attack". Voice of America . Beirut. Archived from the original on 21 September 2008. Retrieved 28 December 2024.
  31. 1 2 3 "Sweep Nets 25 Arrests After U.S. Embassy Attack". PBS News . 18 September 2008. Retrieved 27 December 2024.
  32. 1 2 "U.S. embassy staff asked to leave Yemen". CNN . 19 September 2008. Archived from the original on 20 September 2008. Retrieved 12 March 2025.
  33. ↑ "Country Reports on Terrorism 2008 - Yemen". United States Department of State . 30 April 2009. Retrieved 27 December 2024.
  34. ↑ Qadhi, Mohammed Al (19 September 2008). "Yemen calls for help in fight against terrorism". The National . Archived from the original on 12 March 2025. Retrieved 12 March 2025.
  35. ↑ "Yemen seizes 'Israel-linked' cell". BBC News . 7 October 2008. Retrieved 28 December 2024.
  36. ↑ "محققون يمنيون يستعينون بأفلام مراقبةالسفارة الأمريكية بشأن تفاصيل الهجوم الذي استهدفها" [Yemeni investigators are reviewing surveillance footage from the US embassy to determine the details of the attack.]. Al-Quds Al-Arabi (in Arabic). UPI. 27 September 2008. Retrieved 13 March 2025.
  37. 1 2 "Yemen identifies attackers in US embassy attack". The Jerusalem Post . 1 November 2008. Retrieved 12 March 2025.
  38. ↑ "Yemen identifies U.S. embassy attackers". NBC News . Associated Press. 1 November 2008. Retrieved 27 December 2024.
  39. ↑ "Yemen tries Islamists for alleged contact with Olmert". Ynet . Agence France-Presse. 10 January 2009. Retrieved 28 December 2024.
  40. ↑ "Three Yemenis tried for sending email to Israeli prime minister". Dawn . 11 January 2009. Retrieved 12 March 2025.
  41. ↑ "Yemen court hands death sentence in Israel spy case". Reuters . 23 March 2009. Retrieved 28 December 2024.
  42. ↑ Murdock, Heather (2 April 2010). "Yemen Court Upholds Death Sentence for Man Accused of Contacting Israel". Voice of America . Retrieved 28 December 2024.
  43. ↑ Oborne, Peter (4 June 2015). "Yemeni officials under ex-president Saleh 'worked with al-Qaeda'". Middle East Eye . Retrieved 16 March 2025.
  44. ↑ Hearst, David (4 June 2015). "How Saleh Danced on the Head of the CIA". HuffPost . Retrieved 16 March 2025.
  45. ↑ Swisher, Clayton (4 June 2015). "AJ Investigates: Al Qaeda Informant". Al Jazeera Investigations . Retrieved 16 March 2025.
  46. ↑ "Yemen president sacks Saleh nephew as military attache". Al Jazeera . 5 June 2015. Retrieved 17 March 2025.
  47. ↑ Watson, Ivan (18 September 2008). "Dozens Detained After Embassy Bombing In Yemen". NPR . Retrieved 16 March 2025.
  48. ↑ "Yemen-US relations unaffected by embassy attack". Kuwait News Agency . 25 September 2008. Retrieved 12 March 2025.
  49. ↑ "Press Statement - Attack on U.S. Embassy, Sana'a". Embassy of the United States, Sana’a, Yemen. 17 September 2008. Archived from the original on 21 September 2008. Retrieved 28 December 2024.
  50. ↑ "Yemen attack brings fears of more terror". NBC News . Associated Press. 17 September 2008. Retrieved 28 December 2024.
  51. ↑ "Security Council Press Statement on Terrorist Attack in Yemen". United Nations Security Council . 18 September 2008. Retrieved 28 December 2024.
  52. ↑ "EU condemns terrorist attack on US Embassy in Yemen". Saudi Press Agency . 21 September 2008. Retrieved 16 March 2025.
  53. ↑ "Statement by the Press Secretary/Director-General for Press and Public Relations, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, on the Attack on the US Embassy in Yemen". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan . 18 September 2008. Archived from the original on 23 March 2023. Retrieved 28 December 2024.
  54. ↑ "Canada Condemns Attack on U.S. Embassy in Yemen". Global Affairs Canada . 17 September 2008. Retrieved 28 December 2024.
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