Ali Abdullah Saleh Affash, commonly known by his last name Affash, was a Yemeni politician and military officer who served as the first president of the Republic of Yemen from the Yemeni unification in 1990 until his resignation in 2012, following the Yemeni revolution. Previously, he had served as the fourth and last President of the Yemen Arab Republic, from July 1978 to 22 May 1990, after the assassination of President Ahmad al-Ghashmi. al-Ghashmi had earlier appointed Saleh as military governor in Taiz.
The president of the Republic of Yemen is the head of state of Yemen. Under the Constitution of Yemen, the president is also the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces and head of the executive branch of the Yemeni government.
The Yemeni Socialist Party is a democratic socialist political party in Yemen. A successor of Yemen's National Liberation Front, it was the ruling party in South Yemen until Yemeni unification in 1990. Originally Marxist–Leninist, the party has gradually evolved into a social democratic opposition party in today's unified Yemen.
Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi is a Yemeni politician and former Field Marshal of the Yemeni Armed Forces who served as the President of Yemen from 2012 until 2022, when he stepped down and transferred executive authority to the Presidential Leadership Council, with Rashad al-Alimi as its chairman. He was the Vice-president to Ali Abdullah Saleh from 1994 to 2012.
The Houthi takeover in Yemen, also known by the Houthis as the September 21 Revolution, or 2014–15 Yemeni coup d'état, was a popular revolution against Yemeni President Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi led by the Houthis and their supporters that pushed the Yemeni government from power. It had origins in Houthi-led protests that began the previous month, and escalated when the Houthis stormed the Yemeni capital Sanaa on 21 September 2014, causing the resignation of Prime Minister Mohammed Basindawa, and later the resignation of President Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi and his ministers on 22 January 2015 after Houthi forces seized the presidential palace, residence, and key military installations, and the formation of a ruling council by Houthi militants on 6 February 2015.
Mohammed Ali al-Houthi is a Yemeni political figure who is the former President of the Revolutionary Committee or Revolutionary Council, a body formed by Houthi militants and the de facto President of Yemen. He was one of the military field commanders who led the group's seizure of the Yemeni capital Sana’a in September 2014, and eventually became the de facto leader of Yemen after the Houthi takeover of the Yemeni government in 2015. He is a cousin of Abdul-Malik Badreddin al-Houthi, the group's leader.
Saleh Ali al-Sammad was a Yemeni political figure from the Houthi movement who served as the chairman of Yemen's Supreme Political Council and the de facto President of Yemen until his assassination.
The aftermath of the Houthi takeover in Yemen refers to developments following the Houthis' takeover of the Yemeni capital of Sana'a and dissolution of the government, which eventually led to a civil war and the Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen.
Abdel-Aziz bin Habtour is a Yemeni politician who served as prime minister of Houthi-led government in Sanaa from 4 October 2016 to 10 August 2024. On Saturday, August 10, 2024, Bin Habtour was appointed as a member of the Supreme Political Council. He also served as Governor of Aden during the Houthi takeover in Yemen. He is a member of the General People's Congress, sitting on its permanent committee since 1995. An ally of President Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi, he condemned the 2014–15 Yemeni coup d'état and received the deposed leader after his flight from the Houthi-controlled capital of Sanaa on 21 February 2015. He is also a vocal opponent of the separatist movement in the former South Yemen, saying the movement is too fractured and small to achieve its goals.
The Supreme Political Council is an extraconstitutional collective head of state and executive established in 2016 in Sanaa by the Houthi movement and the pro-Houthi faction of the General People's Congress (GPC) to rule Yemen opposed to the Presidential Leadership Council (PLC) in Aden. The SPC carries out the functions of head of state in Yemen, appointing the country's cabinet and managing the Yemen's state affairs in a bid to fill in political vacuum during the Yemeni Civil War. The Council aims to outline a basis for running the country and managing state affairs on the basis of the constitution. Since 2018 the SPC has been headed by Mahdi al-Mashat as Chairman of the Council.
The following is a timeline of the Yemeni civil war, which began in September 2014.
The Southern Transitional Council is a secessionist organization in southern Yemen. The 26 members of the STC include the governors of five southern governorates and two government ministers. It was formed by a faction of the Southern Movement. It was established in 2017, and it has called for and worked toward the separation of southern Yemen from the rest of the nation as it previously was until 1990.
Mahdi al-Mashat is a Yemeni politician who has served as the chairman of the Supreme Political Council and a military leader from the Houthi movement.
Maeen Abdulmalik Saeed is a Yemeni politician who served as the prime minister of Yemen from 2018 to 2024. He previously served as the minister of public works in Prime Minister Ahmed Obeid bin Daghr's cabinet.
Rashad Muhammad al-Alimi is a Yemeni politician currently serving as the chairman of the Presidential Leadership Council since 7 April 2022.
The Riyadh Agreement was signed on 5 November 2019 in the capital city of Saudi Arabia, Riyadh, between Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi, representing the Saudi-backed government of Yemen, Muhammad bin Zayid Al Nahyan, representing the United Arab Emirates, and Aydarus az-Zubaydi, representing the UAE-backed Southern Transitional Council (STC). It followed the Southern Yemen clashes of August 2019, with the goal of ending the fighting and establishing a united front against the Iran-backed Houthi rebels, dominant in the north of the country.
Sultan Ali Al-Arada is a Yemeni politician and general who has served as one of the 8 members of the Presidential Leadership Council since 2022. The PLC is the internationally-recognized executive of Yemen. Arada concurrently serves as the governor of Marib Governorate, having held that role since 2012.
The Shura Council or Consultative Council is the upper house of the parliament of Yemen, with the lower house being the House of Representatives. Unlike the House it does not take on a legislative role, instead primarily being charged with an advisory role to the president. Per the constitution it has 111 members who are appointed by the president. There currently exist two Shura Councils as a result of the civil war, one in Sanaa aligned with the Houthis, and one aligned with the Presidential Leadership Council in Aden.
Member State of the Arab League 
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