Kabinet Indonesia | |
Current: Red and White Cabinet | |
Cabinet overview | |
---|---|
Formed | 2 September 1945 |
Jurisdiction | Government of Indonesia |
Headquarters | Cabinet Secretariat, Jakarta |
Cabinet executive | |
Key document |
|
Website | setkab |
This article is part of a series on the |
Politics of Indonesia |
---|
The Cabinet of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian : Kabinet Republik Indonesia) is part of the executive branch of the Indonesian government. It is composed of the most senior appointed officers of the executive branch of the government serving under the president. Members of the Cabinet (except for the vice president) serves at the president's pleasure, who can dismiss them at will for no cause.
Indonesia has seen dozens of cabinets since independence in 1945. Although after the New Order most cabinets remained unchanged for five years at a time. Most cabinets are referred to by the names given them at the time of formation. The current presidential cabinet is the Red and White Cabinet of Prabowo Subianto.
The concept of a cabinet is not mentioned explicitly in the 1945 Constitution, so Indonesia's cabinets since 14 November 1945 are the result of administrative convention. There have been two types of cabinet in Indonesian history; presidential and parliamentary. In presidential cabinets, the president is responsible for government policy as head of state and government, while in parliamentary cabinets, the cabinet carries out government policy, and is responsible to the legislature. [1]
During the War of Independence from 1945 to 1949, the cabinet changed from a presidential to a parliamentary system, despite this not being the system intended by those who drew up the Constitution; however, at several critical periods, it reverted to a presidential system. During this period, the cabinet had between 16 and 37 ministers with 12-15 ministries. [2]
On 27 December 1949, the Netherlands recognised the sovereignty of the United States of Indonesia (RIS). Under the Federal Constitution of 1949, the RIS had a parliamentary cabinet as ministers were responsible for government policy. With the return to the unitary state of Indonesia in August 1950, the parliamentary cabinet system remained due to an agreement between the governments of the RIS and the Republic of Indonesia (a constituent of the RIS). Article 83 of the Provisional Constitution of 1950 stated that ministers had full responsibility for government policy. Over the following nine years there were seven cabinets with between 18 and 25 members. [3]
On 5 July 1959, President Sukarno issued a decree abrogating the 1950 Constitution and returning to the 1945 Constitution. The cabinet was also dissolved. A new presidential cabinet was formed shortly after, but this new cabinet did not follow the 1945 Constitution either, as the office of prime minister still existed, along with deputy prime ministers. Moreover, the offices of Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Indonesia and Speaker of the People's Representative Council which were supposed to be equal to the president, and the office of Chairman of the People's Consultative Assembly, which was supposed to be above all government branches, were included into the Cabinet. During the final years of Sukarno's presidency, cabinets were larger, peaking at 111 ministers.
During the New Order under President Suharto, cabinets were smaller, and from 1968 until 1998 lasted for the five-year presidential term. Offices that were not sanctioned by the 1945 Constitution were abolished. Following the fall of Suharto and the beginning of the Reformasi era, the presidential cabinet system has been retained. [4]
Until 2010, cabinet ministries were dubbed 'Departments' (Departemen) following the United States model. After 2010, all 'departements' were renamed into 'ministries' (Kementerian), thus bringing them in line with the Netherlands model of ministries and a state secretariat.
Parliamentary cabinets were usually known by the name of the prime minister, but after 1959 they were named after their principal tasking. [5] The complete list of cabinets follows: [6] [7]
Historical era | Name | Leader | Period of office |
---|---|---|---|
War of Independence (1945–1949) | Presidential | Sukarno | 2 September 1945 – 14 November 1945 |
First Sjahrir | Sutan Sjahrir | 14 November 1945 – 12 March 1946 | |
Second Sjahrir | 12 March 1946 – 2 October 1946 | ||
Third Sjahrir | 2 October 1946 – 3 July 1947 | ||
First Amir Sjarifuddin | Amir Sjarifuddin | 3 July 1947 – 11 November 1947 | |
Second Amir Sjarifuddin | 11 November 1947 – 29 January 1948 | ||
First Hatta | Mohammad Hatta | 29 January 1948 – 19 December 1949 | |
Emergency | Sjafruddin Prawiranegara | 19 December 1948 – 13 July 1949 | |
First Hatta | Mohammad Hatta | 13 July 1949 – 4 August 1949 | |
Second Hatta | 4 August – 20 December 1949 | ||
United States of Indonesia (1949–1950) | RUSI | Mohammad Hatta | 20 December 1949 – 6 September 1950 |
Republic of Indonesia (1949–1950) | |||
Susanto | Susanto Tirtoprodjo | 20 December 1949 – 21 January 1950 | |
Halim | Abdul Halim | 21 January 1950 – 6 September 1950 | |
State of East Indonesia (1947–1950) | |||
First Nadjamuddin | Nadjamuddin Daeng Malewa | 13 January 1947 – 2 June 1947 | |
Second Nadjamuddin | 2 June 1947 – 11 October 1947 | ||
Warouw | Semuel Jusof Warouw | 11 October 1947 – 15 December 1947 | |
First Gde Agung | Ide Anak Agung Gde Agung | 15 December 1947 – 12 January 1949 | |
Second Gde Agung | 12 January 1949 – 27 December 1949 | ||
Tatengkeng | Jan Engelbert Tatengkeng | 27 December 1949 – 14 March 1950 | |
Diapari | Patuan Doli Diapari | 14 March 1950 – 10 May 1950 | |
Poetoehena | Martinus Putuhena | 10 May 1950 – 16 August 1950 | |
State of Pasundan (1948–1950) | |||
Adil | Adil Puradiredja | 8 May 1948 – 10 January 1949 | |
First Djumhana | Djumhana Wiriaatmadja | 10 January 1949 – 31 January 1949 | |
Second Djumhana | 31 January 1949 – 18 July 1949 | ||
Third Djumhana | 18 July 1949 – 11 January 1950 | ||
Anwar | Anwar Tjokroaminoto | 11 January 1950 – 23 January 1950 | |
Liberal Democracy (1950–1959) | Natsir | Mohammad Natsir | 6 September 1950 – 27 April 1951 |
Sukiman | Sukiman Wirjosandjojo | 27 April 1951 – 3 April 1952 | |
Wilopo | Wilopo | 3 April 1952 – 30 July 1953 | |
First Ali Sastroamidjojo | Ali Sastroamidjojo | 30 July 1953 – 12 August 1955 | |
Burhanuddin Harahap | Burhanuddin Harahap | 12 August 1955 – 24 March 1956 | |
Second Ali Sastroamidjojo | Ali Sastroamidjojo | 24 March 1956 – 9 April 1957 | |
Djuanda | Djuanda Kartawidjaja | 9 April 1957 – 10 July 1959 | |
Guided Democracy (1959–1966) | First Working | Sukarno | 10 July 1959 – 18 February 1960 |
Second Working | 18 February 1960 – 6 March 1962 | ||
Third Working | 8 March 1962 – 13 November 1963 | ||
Fourth Working | 23 November 1963 – 27 August 1964 | ||
Dwikora | 2 September 1964 – 21 February 1966 | ||
Revised Dwikora | 24 February 1966 – 27 March 1966 | ||
Second Revised Dwikora | 30 March 1966 – 25 July 1966 | ||
Ampera | 28 July 1966 – 12 March 1967 | ||
Suharto | 12 March 1967 – 11 October 1967 | ||
Revised Ampera | 14 October 1967 – 6 June 1968 | ||
New Order (1966–1998) | First Development | Suharto | 10 June 1968 – 27 March 1973 |
Second Development | 28 March 1973 – 29 March 1978 | ||
Third Development | 31 March 1978 – 16 March 1983 | ||
Fourth Development | 19 March 1983 – 21 March 1988 | ||
Fifth Development | 23 March 1988 – 17 March 1993 | ||
Sixth Development | 19 March 1993 – 11 March 1998 | ||
Seventh Development | 16 March 1998 – 21 May 1998 | ||
Reform Era (1998–present) | Development Reform | B. J. Habibie | 23 May 1998 – 20 October 1999 |
National Unity | Abdurrahman Wahid | 29 October 1999 – 23 July 2001 | |
Mutual Assistance | Megawati Sukarnoputri | 10 August 2001 – 20 October 2004 | |
First United Indonesia | Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono | 21 October 2004 – 20 October 2009 | |
Second United Indonesia | 22 October 2009 – 20 October 2014 | ||
Working | Joko Widodo | 27 October 2014 – 20 October 2019 [8] | |
Onward Indonesia | 23 October 2019 – 20 October 2024 | ||
Red and White | Prabowo Subianto | 21 October 2024 – Incumbent | |
Source: Simanjuntak 2003 |
The present Indonesian cabinet, the Red White Cabinet (Indonesian : Kabinet Merah Putih), was sworn in on 21 October 2024. The cabinet consists of 7 Coordinating ministers and 41 ministers. [9]
Portfolio | Incumbent Head | In office since | Portrait |
---|---|---|---|
Attorney General's Office Kejaksaan Agung Republik Indonesia | Attorney General | 21 October 2024 | |
National Armed Forces Tentara Nasional Indonesia | Commander of National Armed Forces | 22 November 2023 | |
National Police Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia | Chief of National Police | 27 January 2021 | |
State Intelligence Agency Badan Intelijen Negara | Muhammad Herindra | 21 October 2024 | |
Executive Office of the President Kantor Staf Presiden Republik Indonesia | Anto Mukti Putranto | 21 October 2024 | |
Presidential Communication Office Kantor Komunikasi Kepresidenan | Hasan Nasbi | 21 October 2024 | |
Nusantara Capital City Authority Otorita Ibu Kota Nusantara | Basuki Hadimuljono | 5 November 2024 | |
National Economics Council Dewan Ekonomi Nasional | Luhut Binsar Pandjaitan | 21 October 2024 | |
Portfolio | Incumbent Head | In office since | Portrait |
---|---|---|---|
Cabinet Secretariat Sekretariat Kabinet Republik Indonesia | Cabinet Secretary Teddy Indra Wijaya | 21 October 2024 |
The Socialist Party of Indonesia was a political party in Indonesia from 1948 until 1960, when it was banned by President Sukarno.
The People's Consultative Assembly of the Republic of Indonesia is the legislative branch in Indonesia's political system. It is composed of the members of a lower body, House of Representatives (DPR) and an upper body, Regional Representative Council (DPD). Before 2004, and the amendments to the 1945 Constitution, the MPR was the highest governing body in Indonesia.
The Prime Minister of the Republic of Indonesia was a political office in Indonesia which existed from 1945 until 1966. During this period, the prime minister was in charge of the cabinet of Indonesia, one of the three branches of government along with the House of Representatives and the president. Following his 1959 decree, President Sukarno assumed the role and powers of prime minister until his resignation in 1966.
The First Development Cabinet is the name of the cabinet of the Indonesian government led by President Suharto. This cabinet was announced on 6 June 1968 and served from 10 June 1968 until 27 March 1973. The composition of this cabinet is not much different from the composition of ministers in the Revised Ampera Cabinet. Shortly after the 1971 election, on 9 September 1971, President Suharto announced a reshuffle of the First Development Cabinet and appointed the reshuffled ministers on 11 September 1971.
The Liberal Democracy period in Indonesia, also known as the Era of Parliamentary Democracy, was a period in Indonesian political history, when the country was under a liberal democratic system. During this period, Indonesia held its first and only free and fair legislative election until 1999, but also saw continual political instability. The period began on 17 August 1950 following the dissolution of the federal United States of Indonesia, less than a year after its formation, and ended with the imposition of martial law and President Sukarno's decree, which resulted in the introduction of Guided Democracy on 5 July 1959.
The Central Indonesian National Committee, also known as the Central National Committee, was a body appointed to assist the president of the newly independent Indonesia. Originally purely advisory, it later gained assumed legislative functions. The Working Committee of the KNIP became part of the People's Representative Council when Indonesia became a unitary state in 1950.
The Presidential Cabinet was the first cabinet established by Indonesia following the 17 August 1945 Indonesian Declaration of Independence. It comprised 20 ministers and four officials. Its term of office ran from 2 September to 14 November 1945.
The Republic of the United States of Indonesia Cabinet was established as a result of the formation of the United States of Indonesia following the transfer of sovereignty from the Dutch colonial power. It lasted less than a year before Indonesia became a unitary state.
The First Sjahrir Cabinet was the second Indonesian cabinet, named after the prime minister. It served from November 1945 to March 1946.
The Second Sjahrir Cabinet was the third Indonesian cabinet and the second formed by Sutan Sjahrir. It served from March to October 1946.
The Third Sjahrir Cabinet was the fourth Indonesian cabinet. It served from October 1946 to July 1947, when it fell due to disagreements related to the implementation of the Linggadjati Agreement and subsequent negotiations with the Dutch.
Djuanda Kartawidjaja, more commonly referred to mononymously as Djuanda, was an Indonesian politician and technocrat who held various positions during the presidency of Sukarno, most notably as prime minister of Indonesia and a cabinet minister in several cabinets.
The Soekiman Cabinet, also known as the Sukiman-Suwirjo Cabinet, was an Indonesian cabinet that served from 27 April 1951 until it fell on 23 February 1952 following revelations that it had signed a mutual security agreement with the United States, and was dissolved on 3 April 1952.
The Djuanda Cabinet, also known as the Working Cabinet, was an Indonesian cabinet that served from 9 April 1957 until 10 July 1959, when it was dissolved by a decree from President Sukarno.
The United States of Indonesia was a short-lived federal state to which the Netherlands formally transferred sovereignty of the Dutch East Indies on 27 December 1949 following the Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference. This transfer ended the four-year conflict between Indonesian nationalists and the Netherlands for control of Indonesia. It lasted less than a year, before being replaced by the unitary Republic of Indonesia.
The State of the Republic of Indonesia was a federated state (negara bagian) of the United States of Indonesia (RUSI) which was established on 27 December 1949. The territory of the state included parts of Java and most of Sumatra, and its capital was Yogyakarta. The acting president of the Republic was Assaat and the prime minister was first Susanto Tirtoprodjo until 16 January 1950, then Abdul Halim. On 17 August, the United States of Indonesia ceased to exist as the last of the component states dissolved themselves into a unitary Republic of Indonesia encompassing the entire territory of the former Dutch East Indies except for West Papua.
The Ministry of Transmigration of the Republic of Indonesia is an Indonesian government ministry that is responsible for transmigration affairs. The ministry reports to the president and is currently led by Muhammad Iftitah Sulaiman Suryanagara, the minister of transmigration.