The Party of Functional Groups, often known by its abbreviation Golkar, is a centre-right big tent secular nationalist political party in Indonesia. Founded in 1964 as the Joint Secretariat of Functional Groups, it is the oldest extant political party in Indonesia. It first participated in national elections in 1971 as Functional Groups. Since 2009, it has been the second-largest party in the House of Representatives (DPR), having won 102 seats in the latest election.
The United Development Party is an Islam-based political party in Indonesia.
Presidential elections were held in Indonesia on 5 July and 20 September 2004. As no candidate won a majority in the first round, a runoff was held, in which Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono defeated Megawati Sukarnoputri and was elected president. They were the first direct presidential elections in the history of Indonesia; prior to a 2002 amendment to the Constitution of Indonesia, both the president and vice president had been elected by the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR).
Wiranto is an Indonesian politician and retired army general, who is serving as the chairman of the Presidential Advisory Council, since December 2019. Previously, he was the Commander of the Indonesian Armed Forces from February 1998 to October 1999 during Indonesia's transition from authoritarian rule to democracy, he ran unsuccessfully for President of Indonesia in 2004 and for the vice-presidency in 2009. On 27 July 2016, Wiranto was appointed Coordinating Minister for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs, replacing Luhut Binsar Panjaitan.
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, commonly referred to as SBY, is an Indonesian politician, painter, and retired army general who served as the sixth president of Indonesia from 2004 to 2014 and the second president of Indonesia from the military after Suharto. He founded the Democratic Party of Indonesia and served as its 4th chairman from 2014 until 2020. He also served as the 8th and 10th coordinating minister for political and security affairs from 2000 until 2001 and again from 2001 until 2004. He also served as the president of the Assembly and chair of the Council of the Global Green Growth Institute. He was also the former chairman of ASEAN due to Indonesia hosting of the 18th and 19th ASEAN Summits.
Muhammad Jusuf Kalla, commonly referred to by his initials JK, is an Indonesian politician and businessman who served as the 10th and 12th vice president of Indonesia, the only vice president in Indonesian history to serve two non-consecutive terms in office. He was unsuccessful as Golkar's presidential nominee in the 2009 presidential election. Before Kalla declared himself as the running mate for Joko Widodo in the 2014 presidential election, a 2012 poll placed his popularity among likely voters in the top three contenders for the presidency and ahead of his own party's nominee Aburizal Bakrie.
The Post-Suharto era is the contemporary history in Indonesia, which began with the resignation of authoritarian president Suharto on 21 May 1998. Since his resignation, the country has been in a period of transition known as the Reform era. This period has been characterised by a more open political-social environment and grassroots economic improvement.
Yusril Ihza Mahendra is an Indonesian lawyer, politician and academic, who is currently serving as the leader of the Crescent Star Party (PBB) from 2015 to 2024. Previously, he served as the leader of the PBB from 1998 until 2005, Minister of Justice and Human Rights from 2004 until 2007 and 2024 until 2029, and member of the People's Representative Council from 1999 until 2009.
Agum Gumelar is a politician and former general of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. He is a former minister having held several positions, a former chairman of Indonesian Football Association and National Sports Committee of Indonesia. He is an alumnus of the National Military Academy in Magelang, Central Java and Medical Faculty of Padjadjaran University in Bandung, West Java. In 1998, he received a master's degree from Indonesian Global Management Institute, a diploma mill that was banned in 2005.
The National Unity Cabinet was the Indonesian cabinet which served under President Abdurrahman Wahid and Vice President Megawati Sukarnoputri from 29 October 1999 until 23 July 2001. The Cabinet was formed after Wahid and Megawati were elected President and Vice President by the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR). The cabinet was originally designed to look after the interests of the various political parties and the Indonesian National Armed Forces, but this notion quickly disappeared as Wahid's presidency began to break down.
The Revised Dwikora Cabinet was the Indonesian cabinet which served under President Sukarno from February 1966 to March 1966. The cabinet was formed under an extremely tense political situation, and it was expected that this cabinet would address the concerns of the people. It was during a meeting of this cabinet that unidentified troops surrounded the Presidential Palace causing to Sukarno to escape to Bogor from where he gave Supersemar to Lieutenant General Suharto.
Presidential elections were held in Indonesia on 8 July 2009. The elections returned a president and vice president for the 2009–2014 term. Incumbent President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, elected with a 20% margin in the 2004 election, sought a second term against former President Megawati Sukarnoputri in a rematch of the 2004 election, as well as incumbent Vice President Jusuf Kalla. Securing a majority of the votes in a landslide victory in the first round, Yudhoyono was re-elected without the need to proceed to a second round. Yudhoyono was officially declared the victor of the election on 23 July 2009, by the General Election Commission (KPU). At the time of his re-election victory, Yudhoyono, with nearly 74 million votes in his favour, held the record for the highest number of votes for a single person in any democratic election in history, surpassing Barack Obama's total of 69.5 million votes in the 2008 United States presidential election. His record was surpassed by his respective successors Joko Widodo who won more than 85 million votes in 2019 and Prabowo Subianto who won more than 96 million votes in 2024.
Sri Mulyani Indrawati is an Indonesian economist who currently serves as the Minister of Finance of Indonesia as part of the Onward Indonesia Cabinet; her term ends in 2029.
Mohammad Mahfud Mahmodin, commonly known as Mahfud MD, is an Indonesian politician, and legal academic who served as the 14th Coordinating Minister for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs of Indonesia from 2019 to 2024. He also previously served as the Chief Justice of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia, member of the People's Representative Council, Minister of Defense, and Minister of Law and Human Rights.
The Fourth Working Cabinet was an Indonesian cabinet that resulted from regrouping of the previous cabinet by President Sukarno. It consisted of three deputy prime ministers, eight coordinating ministers, 33 ministers, six ministers of state, as well as 11 cabinet members who headed various government bodies. It was dissolved on 27 August 1964.
The Dwikora Cabinet was the 23rd Indonesian cabinet. President Sukarno reshuffled the previous cabinet on 27 August 1964 to produce a cabinet better able to implement the government policy he had announced in his Independence Day speech entitled "The Year of Living Dangerously". The cabinet was appointed on 2 September and served for a year and five months before being reshuffled on 21 February 1966.
The first inauguration of Joko Widodo as the 7th president of Indonesia took place on Monday, 20 October 2014 at the Parliamentary Complex, Jakarta. This ceremony marked the commencement of the first five-year term of Joko Widodo as president and second non-consecutive and final term of Jusuf Kalla as vice president.
The Onward Indonesia Cabinet was sworn in on 23 October 2019 by President Joko Widodo. The president reshuffled this cabinet 13 times. The last reshuffle occurred on 11 September 2024.
The first inauguration of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono as the 6th president of Indonesia took place on Wednesday, 20 October 2004. Yudhoyono was the first democratically and directly elected president of Indonesia, as the previous presidents were elected by the People's Consultative Assembly.
