Great Indonesia Movement Party Partai Gerakan Indonesia Raya | |
---|---|
Abbreviation | Gerindra |
General Chairman | Prabowo Subianto |
Secretary-General | Ahmad Muzani |
DPR group leader | Ahmad Muzani |
Founded | 6 February 2008 |
Split from | Golkar |
Headquarters | Jakarta |
Youth wing | TIDAR (Great Indonesia Bud) |
Women's wing | PIRA (Great Indonesia Women) |
Muslim wing | GEMIRA (Great Indonesia Muslim Movement) |
Christian wing | GEKIRA (Great Indonesia Christian Movement) |
Hindu-Buddhist wing | GEMA SADHANA (Sanatana Dharma Nusantara Society Movement) |
Labour wing | SEGARA (Great Indonesia Labor Movement Center) |
Membership (2022) | 498,963 [1] |
Ideology | Pancasila Indonesian nationalism Right-wing populism [2] [3] [4] |
Political position | Right-wing [5] [6] |
National affiliation | Onward Indonesia Coalition Advanced Indonesia Coalition |
Ballot number | 2 |
DPR seats | 78 / 575 |
DPRD I seats | 288 / 2,232 |
DPRD II seats | 1,970 / 17,340 |
Website | |
gerindra | |
The Great Indonesia Movement Party (Indonesian : Partai Gerakan Indonesia Raya), better known as the Gerindra Party, is a nationalist, right-wing populist political party in Indonesia. Since 2019, it has been the third-largest party in the House of Representatives (DPR) with 78 seats. It is led by the former army general and the president-elect of Indonesia Prabowo Subianto.
Formed in 2008, Gerindra serves as the political vehicle for Prabowo. The party first participated in the 2009 legislative election and secured 26 seats in the DPR. In the presidential election, Prabowo ran as the vice-presidential candidate for Megawati Soekarnoputri of PDI-P, but they were defeated by the incumbent president, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (SBY). Gerindra then became the opposition to the SBY administration. Gerindra placed third in the 2014 legislative election, and Prabowo ran with Hatta Rajasa against Joko Widodo (Jokowi) in the presidential election, but they lost. Gerindra once again became the opposition to the government. In the 2019 legislative election, Gerindra won the second-highest majority of votes. Prabowo ran with Sandiaga Uno against Jokowi and lost again. After Prabowo reconciled with Jokowi in July 2019, Gerindra joined the government coalition and he was appointed as the Minister of Defense.
After coming last in Golkar's presidential convention on 21 April 2004, Prabowo served as a member of Golkar's Advisory Board until his resignation on 12 July 2008. Gerindra was formed on 6 February 2008 at the suggestion of Prabowo's younger brother, Hashim Djojohadikusumo, who helped pay for party's prime-time TV advertising campaign. [7] Prabowo was appointed chairman of the party's Founding Board.
Gerindra's provincial level election teams were formed in February 2009. The party then claimed a membership of approximately 15 million, with its support base coming from across Java, Sumatra, Kalimantan and Sulawesi. [8]
The party won 4.5% of the vote in the 2009 legislative election, and was awarded 26 seats in the People's Representative Council. [9]
The Reform Star Party (PBR) was merged into Gerindra in February 2011. [10]
In the national legislative election on 9 April 2014, the party's vote share jumped to 11.8%, making it the third-most popular party in Indonesia. [11] Gerindra almost trebled the number of seats it won from 26 seats in 2009 to 73 seats in 2014.
Following the death of Gerindra chairman Suhardi on 28 August 2014, Prabowo was appointed general chairman on 20 September 2014. [12]
The 2008 Law on Political Parties states that political parties are allowed to include specific characteristics that reflect their political aspirations, as long as they do not contradict Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. [13] As per Articles 5 and 7 of its constitution and bylaws (AD/ART), Gerindra is founded on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution, while its identity is rooted in nationalism, populism, religion, and social justice. [14] In February 2019, the party's central board member Andre Rosiade described Gerindra as a "nationalist-religious" party. [15] Outsider views on the party's political orientation vary. Academics and domestic observers classified Gerindra as a nationalist party, [16] while their international counterparts described it as a secular party with hard nationalist stance, [17] ultranationalist, [18] or "militant nationalist" party. [19] Tom Power disagrees with labeling Gerindra as a secular party and categorizes it as a "inclusivist-nationalist" party, due to its perceived willingness to compromise on Islamic political agendas. [20] Its political leaning has been described as right-wing [6] [21] or right-wing populist. [2] [22] [3] [4]
In its political manifesto, Gerindra has taken positions on several issues. On politics, Gerindra seeks to overhaul Indonesia's political system, rejecting liberal democracy as counterproductive. It advocates a culturally aligned democracy, emphasizing robust national leadership based on Pancasila and the constitution. [23] In the economic field, Gerindra advocates economic populism, criticizing post-Reform Indonesia's liberal economy. It seeks increased state involvement, rejects rising foreign debt, opposes the privatization of state-owned enterprises (BUMN), calls for the reevaluation of laws favoring foreign entities (such as the Oil and Gas Law and the Investment Law), and favors reintroducing Broad Outlines of State Policy (GBHN). Gerindra rejects a free-market system and supports protectionist measures. [24] Gerindra follows a populist and nationalist economic platform, targeting the lower middle class such as farmers and fishers, though its supporters in the 2014 general election were disproportionately urban dwellers. [25]
In November 2019, Gerindra deputy chairman Fadli Zon said the party firmly rejects lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) people. Gerindra's Twitter account said the party supports early efforts to prevent LGBT in the community and schools, by involving religious leaders and health experts. [26]
The following leadership structure of the party are as follows (2020-2025) [27]
Leader of the Advisory Council: General (Hon.) H. Prabowo Subianto Djojohadikusumo
Deputy Leader of the Advisory Council
Secretary of the Advisory Council: Sugiono
Vice Secretary of the Advisory Council: Prasetyo Hadi
General Chairman: General (Hon.) H. Prabowo Subianto Djojohadikusumo
Vice Chairman
Secretary General: Ahmad Muzani
Treasurer: Thomas Aquinas Djiwandono
Gerindra's wing organizations include:
Election | Ballot number | Total seats won | Total votes | Share of votes | Outcome of election | Party leader |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2009 | 5 | 26 / 560 | 4,642,795 | 4.46% [28] | 26 seats, Opposition | Prabowo Subianto (Founding board chair) Suhardi (General chair) |
2014 | 6 | 73 / 560 | 14,760,371 | 11.81% [29] | 47 seats, Opposition | Prabowo Subianto (Founding board chair) Suhardi (General chair) |
2019 | 2 | 78 / 575 | 17,594,839 | 12.57% [30] | 5 seats, Opposition (until 2019) Governing coalition (after 2019) | Prabowo Subianto |
2024 | 2 | 86 / 580 | 20,071,708 | 13.22% | 8 seats, Governing coalition | Prabowo Subianto |
Election | Ballot number | Pres. candidate | Running mate | 1st round (Total votes) | Share of votes | Outcome | 2nd round (Total votes) | Share of votes | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2009 | 1 | Megawati Sukarnoputri | Prabowo Subianto | 32,548,105 | 26.79% | Lost | |||
2014 | 1 | Prabowo Subianto [31] | Hatta Rajasa | 62,576,444 | 46.85% | Lost | |||
2019 | 02 | Prabowo Subianto | Sandiaga Uno | 68,650,239 | 44.50% | Lost | |||
2024 | 02 | Prabowo Subianto | Gibran Rakabuming Raka | 96,214,691 | 58.59% | Elected |
Note: Bold text suggests the party's member, or a former member who was still active in the party by the time of his nomination.
The Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle is a centre to centre-left secular-nationalist political party in Indonesia. Since 2014, it has been the ruling and largest party in the House of Representatives (DPR), having secured 128 seats in the last election. The party is led by Megawati Sukarnoputri, who served as the President of Indonesia from 2001 to 2004. It is also the party of the current president, Joko Widodo (Jokowi).
The Party of Functional Groups, often known by its abbreviation Golkar, is a centre-right big tent political party in Indonesia. It was founded as the Joint Secretariat of Functional Groups in 1964, and participated for the first time in national elections in 1971 as Functional Groups. Since 2019, it has been the second-largest party in the House of Representatives (DPR) with 85 seats. It is led by Airlangga Hartarto.
The National Awakening Party, frequently abbreviated to PKB, is an Islam-based political party in Indonesia.
The Democratic Party is a centre to centre-right nationalist-religious political party in Indonesia. Currently, it holds 54 seats in the House of Representatives (DPR). The party is led by Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono (AHY), the son of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (SBY), who served as the President of Indonesia from 2004 to 2014.
The National Mandate Party, frequently abbreviated to PAN, is an Islam-based political party in Indonesia.
General (Ret.) Prabowo Subianto Djojohadikusumo is an Indonesian politician, businessman and retired honorary army general who is the president-elect of Indonesia in the 2024 election. Prabowo is the third Indonesian President from the military after Suharto and Susilo Bambang Yudhyono. He is currently serving as the Minister of Defense, he married the second daughter of the late President Soeharto, Titiek Suharto. In 1998, he was discharged from the military and subsequently banned from entering the United States for allegedly committing human rights abuses.
Presidential elections were held in Indonesia on 9 July 2014, with former general Prabowo Subianto contesting the elections against the governor of Jakarta, Joko Widodo; incumbent president Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono was constitutionally barred from seeking a third term in office. On 22 July the General Elections Commission (KPU) announced Joko Widodo's victory. He and his vice president, Jusuf Kalla, were sworn-in on 20 October 2014, for a five-year term.
The NasDem Party is a political party in Indonesia. It is partly funded by media baron Surya Paloh who founded the similarly named organization, National Democrats. Despite this, and logo similarity, Nasional Demokrat has insisted that it is not linked with the party. On May 17 2023, the Secretary General of the Nasdem Party, Johnny G. Plate was named a suspect in the corruption case of the 4G BTS Infrastructure project in frontier, remote and disadvantaged areas which was estimated to result in state losses of more than IDR 8 trillion.
General elections were held in Indonesia on 17 April 2019. For the first time in the country's history, the president, the vice president, members of the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR), and members of local legislative bodies were elected on the same day with over 190 million eligible voters. Sixteen parties participated in the elections nationally, including four new parties.
The Indonesian Solidarity Party is a political party in Indonesia that focuses on women's rights, pluralism, and Indonesian youth. It is led by Kaesang Pangarep who is the youngest son of President Joko Widodo. He joined the party on 23 September 2023 and became the general chairman on 25 September 2023.
The Indonesian Unity Party, Perindo is a political party in Indonesia. The party was founded on 8 October 2014 and declared on 7 February 2015 by media tycoon Hary Tanoesoedibjo, owner of the MNC Group and business partner of former US President Donald Trump.
The Berkarya Party is an Indonesian political party formed in 2016. The party was formed to channel the political aspirations of former president Suharto's youngest son, Hutomo Mandala Putra, better known as Tommy Suharto. Tommy, a convicted murderer by proxy, lost the general chairmanship of the party in July 2020 after the government recognized the leadership of a breakaway faction headed by former general Muchdi Purwopranjono. Berkarya came 11th out of 16 political parties that contested Indonesia's 2019 general election, receiving 2.09% of votes cast. The party supported Tommy's former brother-in-law Prabowo Subianto's unsuccessful bid for the presidency in 2019. After failing to win a 4% threshold necessary to gain seats in the national parliament, the party in 2020 split into rival factions: one led by Tommy and the government-recognized faction led by Muchdi.
Fadli Zon is an Indonesian politician, presently serving as a member of the House of Representatives, where he was previously Deputy Speaker from 2014 to 2019. He was one of the founders of Prabowo Subianto's Great Indonesia Movement Party (Gerindra), where he is vice chairman.
The Change Indonesia Guardian Party, better known as the Garuda Party, is a political party in Indonesia that contested the 2019 general election. The party has been linked to the family of former president Suharto. Officials have denied the party is linked to the Suharto family or to former general Prabowo Subianto's Gerindra Party. Garuda declared itself to be neutral in the April 2019 presidential election, although some of its officials and legislative candidates voiced support for Prabowo.
Aryo Puspito Setyaki Djojohadikusumo is an Indonesian politician of Gerindra party who served as a member of the People's Representative Council between 2014 and 2019.
Prabowo Subianto's presidential campaign in 2019 or Gerakan Nasional #2019GantiPresiden was his second presidential bid, following his loss to Joko Widodo (Jokowi) in the 2014 Indonesian presidential election. His running mate was businessman and former Jakarta deputy governor Sandiaga Uno.
Ahmad Riza Patria is an Indonesian politician who served as the 15th Vice Governor of Jakarta from 2020 to 2022. He previously served as a Vice Chairman of Second Commission in the People's Representative Council of Indonesia. He was elected in the seat of West Java V constituency winning with a total vote of 23,991 in the 2014 legislative elections.
Rahayu Saraswati Dhirakarya Djojohadikusumo is an Indonesian activist, politician, actress, presenter. She was a member of the Indonesian Parliament for the Gerindra Party from 2014 to 2019. During her time as a member of the legislature, she fought for women and children right and against human trafficking.
Gerardus Budisatrio Djiwandono is an Indonesian politician who has been serving in the House of Representatives since 2017. A member of the Gerindra party, he is currently a Deputy Chairman of the legislature's fourth commission on agriculture, environmental, forestry, and maritime affairs.
The Onward Indonesia Coalition is an official political coalition in Indonesia that supported the presidential/vice presidential candidates Joko Widodo and Ma'ruf Amin in the 2019 presidential election. It was initially known as the Working Indonesia Coalition, founded in 2018. The coalition is currently utilized as the government of President Joko Widodo.
{{cite news}}
: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link){{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of March 2024 (link)