Akbar Tandjung

Last updated

Krisnina Maharani
​
(m. 1960)​
Akbar Tandjung
Akbar Tandjung, Buku Kenangan Anggota Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia 1999-2004, p564.jpg
Official portrait, 1999
13th Speaker of the House of Representatives
In office
6 October 1999 –30 September 2004
Alma mater
Occupation
  • Politician
  • legislator

Djandji Akbar Zahiruddin Tandjung (born 14 August 1945) is an Indonesian politician who served as the Speaker of the People's Representative Council from 1999 until 2004. A member of the Golkar party, he also served as the party's chairman from 1999 until 2004 and was a member of the People's Representative Council from East Java from 1977 until 2004.

Contents

He served as a minister under former presidents Suharto and B.J. Habibie. He was Speaker of the People's Representative Council (DPR) from 1999 to 2004. In 2002 he was convicted of corruption over the embezzlement of funds intended for food relief for the poor, but the conviction was overturned on appeal in 2004. [1]

Early life and education

Djandji Akbar Zahiruddin Tandjung was born on 14 August 1945 in Sorkam, North Sumatra during the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies. The son of Zahiruddin Tandjung and Siti Kasmijah, he is a Muslim Pesisir by ethnicity. He is the 13th of 16 siblings, four of whom died before adulthood. [2]

He attended the Muhammadiyah People's School in Sorkam, Central Tapanuli, North Sumatra province. He also attended Christian Elementary School in Medan, North Sumatra. In Jakarta, he attended Cikini Junior High School and then Kanisius High School, graduating in 1964. [3]

He studied at the University of Indonesia, where he engaged in student activism and served as president of the Faculty of Technology. From 1972 to 1974, he was president of the influential Indonesian Muslim Students Association (HMI). He also joined the Indonesian National Youth Committee (KNPI), which is affiliated with Golkar. [4]

Political career

In 1976, then-Golkar leader Amir Murtono invited Akbar to stand for election for the party. In 1977, Akbar was elected to the House of Representatives, representing Golkar for East Java province. He was re-elected in 1982 and 1987. [5] In the late 1980s, when long-serving president Suharto started to more actively seek Muslim support, Akbar became deputy secretary general of Golkar. Under Suharto, he served as State Minister for Youth Affairs and Sport from 1988 to 1993. He then served as State Minister of Housing from March 1993 to May 1998. Under Suharto's successor B.J. Habibie, he served as State Secretary from May 1998 to May 1999. [4]

He was chairman of Golkar from 1998 to 2004, helping to rebuild the party following Suharto's 1998 resignation. [6] At the Golkar convention in December 2004, Akbar lost the party's chairmanship to Jusuf Kalla, at that time the country's vice president.

Akbar has remained an influential figure within Golkar. Ahead of the 2014 Indonesian presidential elections, he criticized Golkar's plan to nominate then-party chairman Aburizal Bakrie for the presidency. [7] The party ended up dropping Bakrie as its candidate and threw its weight behind Prabowo Subianto, with Akbar serving as one of his campaign advisers. [8] [9]

In 2017, Akbar expressed concern that Golkar could lose legislative seats in Indonesia's 2019 elections because of a negative public perception of its chairman, Setya Novanto. [10] He said the party should make changes to improve its image. [11]

Corruption conviction, appeal, and acquittal

In September 2002, Central Jakarta District Court sentenced Akbar to three years in prison for embezzling Rp 40 billion (about $4.8 million) in state funds that were supposed to have been spent on a 1999 food program for the poor. [12] Prosecutors had recommended a four-year prison sentence, although the maximum penalty for corruption and abuse of power is 20 years. [13] Two other people involved in the scandal, Dadang Sukandar and Winfried Simatupang, were each sentenced to 18 months in prison. The two served their time in Jakarta's Cipinang penitentiary, [14] but Akbar never went to prison. He remained free pending a lengthy appeal process and continued to hold his government and political jobs. In January 2003, the Jakarta High Court upheld his conviction. [15] In February 2004, a panel of five Supreme Court judges overturned Akbar's corruption conviction on the grounds he had just been following orders in 1999 from then-president B.J. Habibie. After the ruling, a dissenting judge, Abdul Rahman Saleh, said Akbar had engaged in "corrupt practice" and was guilty of "shameful conduct because he failed to show minimal appropriate efforts to protect state money”. [16]

Honours

National

Foreign honours

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Megawati Sukarnoputri</span> President of Indonesia from 2001 to 2004

Diah Permata Megawati Setiawati Sukarnoputri is an Indonesian politician who served as the fifth president of Indonesia 2001 to 2004 and the eighth vice president under President Abdurrahman Wahid from 1999 to 2001.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">B. J. Habibie</span> President of Indonesia from 1998 to 1999

Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie was an Indonesian politician, engineer and scientist who served as the third president of Indonesia from 1998 to 1999. Less than three months after his inauguration as the seventh vice president in March 1998, he succeeded Suharto, who resigned after 32 years in office, thereby being the only Vice President to assume the presidency in such a manner. Originating from Sulawesi with Bugis-Gorontalese and Javanese ancestry, his presidency was seen as a landmark and transition to the Reform era.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Golkar</span> Political party in Indonesia

The Party of Functional Groups, often known by its abbreviation Golkar, is a centre-right big tent secular nationalist political party in Indonesia. Founded in 1964 as the Joint Secretariat of Functional Groups, it is the oldest extant political party in Indonesia. It first participated in national elections in 1971 as Functional Groups. Since 2009, it has been the second-largest party in the House of Representatives (DPR), having won 102 seats in the latest election.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wiranto</span> Indonesian general and politician

Wiranto is an Indonesian politician and retired army general, who is serving as the chairman of the Presidential Advisory Council, since December 2019. Previously, he was the Commander of the Indonesian Armed Forces from February 1998 to October 1999 during Indonesia's transition from authoritarian rule to democracy, he ran unsuccessfully for President of Indonesia in 2004 and for the vice-presidency in 2009. On 27 July 2016, Wiranto was appointed Coordinating Minister for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs, replacing Luhut Binsar Panjaitan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Adam Malik</span> 3rd Vice President of Indonesia (1917–1984)

Adam Malik Batubara was an Indonesian politician, diplomat, and journalist, who served as the third vice president of Indonesia from 1978 until 1983, under President Suharto. Previously, he served in a number of diplomatic and governmental positions, including Speaker of the People's Consultative Assembly from 1977 to 1978, Speaker of the People's Representative Council from 1977 to 1978, Foreign Minister of Indonesia from 1966 until 1977, and president of the United Nations General Assembly from 1971 until 1972.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sudharmono</span> Indonesian politician, military officer, and vice president (1927–2006)

Sudharmono, also known by his nickname, Pak Dar, was an Indonesian Army officer and politician, who served as the fifth vice president of Indonesia from 1988 until 1993 under the New Order regime. Previously, he served in several positions in the government and military, including as the Chairman of Golkar, State Secretary of Indonesia, and a Lieutenant General in the army.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Try Sutrisno</span> 6th Vice President of Indonesia

Try Sutrisno is an Indonesian retired army general who served as the sixth vice president of Indonesia from 1993 to 1998. Born in Surabaya, Dutch East Indies, Try graduated from the Army Technical Academy in 1959. During his career, Try held the positions of Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Army (1986–1988) and Commander of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Indonesia (1988–1993).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mohammad Jusuf</span> Indonesian military general (1928–2004)

General Andi Mohammad Jusuf Amir, more commonly known as M. Jusuf, was an Indonesian military general and a witness to the signing of the Supersemar document transferring power from President Sukarno to General Suharto.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hatta Rajasa</span> Indonesian politician

Muhammad Hatta Rajasa is an Indonesian politician who served as the Coordinating Minister for the Economy of Indonesia from 22 October 2009 to 13 May 2014. A member of the National Mandate Party (PAN), he previously served as Minister Secretary of State (2007–2009), Minister of Transportation (2004–2007), and Minister of State for Research and Technology (2001–2004). He was also general Prabowo Subianto's running mate in the 2014 Indonesian presidential election, with the ticket being backed by a number of parties, including the Gerindra party, National Mandate Party, Prosperous Justice Party, United Development Party, the Crescent Star Party and Golkar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">President of Indonesia</span> Head of state and government of Indonesia

The president of the Republic of Indonesia is the head of state and head of government of the Republic of Indonesia. The president is the leader of the executive branch of the Indonesian government and the supreme commander of the Indonesian National Armed Forces and the Indonesian National Police. Since 2004, the president and vice president have been directly elected to a five-year term, once renewable, allowing for a maximum of 10 years in office. The new president of Indonesia is Prabowo Subianto, who assumed office on 20 October 2024.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Siti Hardiyanti Rukmana</span> Indonesian businesswoman and politician

Siti Hardiyanti Rukmana, known as Tutut Suharto, is an Indonesian politician who is the eldest daughter of former Indonesian president Suharto and the wife of Global Mediacom co-founder and former RCTI's commissioner Indra Rukmana. She is a former minister of social affairs and a former member of the People's Consultative Assembly, representing Golkar from 1992 to 1998.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Harmoko</span> Indonesian politician and journalist (1939–2021)

Harmoko, colloquially referred to as Bung Harmoko, was an Indonesian politician and journalist who was active during the New Order era. He served as the Speaker of the People's Representative Council from 1997 until 1999, and was a factor in president Suharto's resignation during the widespread student demonstrations which occurred at the end of the New Order.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indonesian identity card</span> Official identity document of Indonesian citizens

The Indonesian identity card, is a compulsory identity card for Indonesian citizens and residents with a valid resident permit. The card is issued upon reaching the age of 17 or upon marriage. For Indonesian citizens, the card is valid for life. For non-Indonesian citizens, it is valid for as long as their residency permit allows. Since 2011, the Indonesian government has issued an electronic version of the card, known as the e-KTP, which contains an embedded microchip.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Idrus Marham</span> Indonesian politician

Idrus Marham is an Indonesian politician who served as social affairs minister under President Joko Widodo for seven months in 2018 before resigning because of a corruption scandal. He was jailed in 2019 for taking bribes from a businessman via a legislator to finance his failed bid to become chairman of Golkar Party. He was released from jail in September 2020. Prior to his political career, Idrus was a lecturer at various universities in Jakarta.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Setya Novanto</span> Indonesian politician

Setya Novanto, colloquially referred to as Setnov, is an Indonesian former politician, presently serving a 15 year prison sentence for corruption. He was chairman of Golkar Party and speaker of the People's Representative Council until his arrest in 2017 for corruption. Born in Bandung, he entered politics in 1998 after a business career and became a member of the People's Representative Council following the 1999 general election. After he was re-elected for a third time in the 2014 general election, won by the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle, he was appointed DPR (Parliament) Speaker by the majority opposition coalition.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fadli Zon</span> Indonesian politician (born 1971)

Fadli Zon is an Indonesian politician currently serving as Minister for Cultural Affairs. He was one of the founders of Prabowo Subianto's Gerindra Party (Gerindra), where he is vice chairman.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bambang Soesatyo</span> Indonesian politician and businessman

Bambang Soesatyo, more colloquially referred to as Bamsoet, is an Indonesian politician and businessman, who served as the 15th speaker of the People's Consultative Assembly between 2019 and 2024, and as a member of the House of Representatives since 2009. A member of Golkar, he previously served as the 18th speaker of the House of Representatives following the resignation of Setya Novanto.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Agus Gumiwang Kartasasmita</span> Indonesian politician

Agus Gumiwang Kartasasmita is an Indonesian politician. He is the current Minister of Industry in the Republic of Indonesia, appointed on 24 August 2019.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Speaker of the House of Representatives (Indonesia)</span>

The Speaker of the House of Representatives, is the presiding officer of the House of Representatives of Indonesia. The speaker is the political and parliamentary leader of the House of Representatives and is simultaneously the Council's presiding officer. The speakers also perform various other administrative and procedural functions.

The Bank Bali scandal occurred in Indonesia in 1999 when Golkar Party officials colluded with the Indonesian Bank Restructuring Agency (IBRA) to coerce Bank Bali chief Rudy Ramli to pay an illegal commission of Rp546 billion to private company Era Giat Prima in order to collect Rp904.6 billion owed by two banks taken over by IBRA.

References

  1. ↑ "Indonesian court clears Speaker Tandjung". United Press International. 12 February 2004. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
  2. ↑ "PROFIL Djandji Akbar Zahiruddin Tandjung". PT. Viva Media Baru. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
  3. ↑ "Akbar Tanjung". Merdeka.com. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
  4. 1 2 Leo Suryadinata (2002). Elections and Politics in Indonesia. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. pp. 207–. ISBN   978-981-230-127-7.
  5. ↑ Kusumadew, Anggi (16 January 2016). "Akbar Tandjung: Saya Tak Bisa Lepas dari Politik (1)". CNN Indonesia. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
  6. ↑ Dirk Tomsa (3 September 2008). Party Politics and Democratization in Indonesia: Golkar in the Post-Suharto Era. Routledge. pp. 46–. ISBN   978-1-134-04575-4.
  7. ↑ Margareth Aritonang, 'Golkar less than united ahead of elections', The Jakarta Post, 23 November 2013.
  8. ↑ "Golkar Fully Supports Prabowo as Presidential Candidate". Tempo.co. 20 May 2014. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
  9. ↑ Rostiani, Yeyen (14 June 2014). "Akbar claims that Prabowo-Hatta's electability increasing". republika.co.id. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
  10. ↑ Manafe, Imanuel Nicolas (3 November 2017). "Akbar Tandjung Sebut Citra Setya Novanto Akan Gerus Keterpilihan Partai Golkar Dalam Pemilu 2019". TRIBUNnews.com. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
  11. ↑ Damarjati, Danu (3 November 2017). "Akbar Tandjung Takut Citra Novanto Bikin Golkar Tak Lolos Pemilu". detikcom. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
  12. ↑ "Akbar Tandjung Divonis Tiga Tahun Penjara". Liputan6. 5 September 2002. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
  13. ↑ "Speaker of Indonesian parliament is sentenced to prison for corruption". The Irish Times. 5 September 2002. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
  14. ↑ "Dadang Sukandar dan Winfried Simatupang Masuk ke LP Cipinang". indosiar.com. 16 February 2004. Archived from the original on 12 November 2017. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
  15. ↑ Perlez, Jane (13 February 2004). "Indonesian Court Overturns Politician's Corruption Conviction". The New York Times. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
  16. ↑ Moore, Matthew (14 February 2004). "Judge's dissent on Speaker stuns Indonesia". The Age. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
  17. ↑ "Daftar WNI yang Menerima Tanda Kehormatan Republik Indonesia Tahun 1959–sekarang" (PDF). Kementerian Sekretariat Negara Republik Indonesia. 7 January 2020. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 July 2021. Retrieved 12 August 2021.
  18. ↑ Daftar WNI yang Mendapat Tanda Kehormatan Bintang Mahaputera tahun 1959 s.d. 2003 (PDF). Retrieved 4 October 2021.
  19. ↑ "令和4年秋の外国人叙勲 受章者名簿" (PDF). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  20. ↑ "Detail biodata Pejabat Menteri". Kepustakaan Presiden. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
Political offices
Preceded by Speaker of the House of Representatives
1999–2004		Succeeded by
Preceded by
Saadilah Mursjid
 State Minister/State Secretary
1998–1999		Succeeded by
Party political offices
Preceded by General Chairman of the Golkar Party
1998–2004		Succeeded by
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.