The Party of Functional Groups, often known by its abbreviation Golkar, is a centre-right big tent political party in Indonesia. Founded in 1964 as the Joint Secretariat of Functional Groups, it is the oldest extant political party in Indonesia. It first participated in national elections in 1971 as Functional Groups. Since 2009, it has been the second-largest party in the House of Representatives (DPR), having won 102 seats in the latest election.
AirlanggaUniversity is the second-oldest university in Indonesia and also a public university located in Surabaya, East Java. Despite being officially established by Indonesian Government Regulation in 1954, Universitas Airlangga was first founded in 1948 as a distant branch of the University of Indonesia, with roots dating back to 1913. It started with a medical school and a school of dentistry. Now Universitas Airlangga hosts 16 faculties with more than 35,000 students and 1,570 faculty members. Universitas Airlangga has university hospitals for the faculties of Medicine, Veterinary Medicine, Nursing, and Dentistry, as well as a tropical infection hospital for its Institute of Tropical Disease. The university is also equipped with biosafety level three facilities.
The Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia is the independent judicial arm of the state. It maintains a system of courts and sits above the other courts and is the final court of appeal. It can also re-examine cases if new evidence emerges.
Andalas University is a public research university in Padang, West Sumatra. Andalas is one of the major public institutions of higher learning in Indonesia, and the oldest outside the island of Java. The university is known for its excellence in social sciences and medical program, and has produced numerous distinguished alumni in public and private service. In November 2019, Andalas was ranked fourth best Indonesian research university from a nationwide evaluation conducted by the Ministry of Research and Technology.
The Judiciary of Indonesia constitutionally consists of the Supreme Court of Indonesia, the Constitutional Court of Indonesia, and the lesser court system under the Supreme Court. These lesser courts are categorically subdivided into the public courts, religious courts, state administrative courts, and military courts.
Soeprapto was the fourth Attorney General of Indonesia. Born in Trenggalek, East Java, Soeprapto studied law in Jakarta, finding work in the legal system soon after graduating in 1920. After transferring often, in the early 1940s he reached Pekalongan and became the head of the court for Native Indonesians. Escaping Pekalongan during Operation Product with the help of a prisoner he had just sentenced, Soeprapto made his way to Yogyakarta and began to work as a prosecutor. When the government moved to Jakarta in 1950, Soeprapto went with it. In January 1951, he was selected to be Prosecutor General of Indonesia, serving until 1 April 1959.
The Coordinating Ministry of Law and Human Rights is an Indonesian ministry that administers laws and human rights, previously named Ministry of Law and Human Rights and changed to Coordinating Minister by Prabowo Subianto. It is responsible to the president, and is led by the Minister of Law and Human Rights, Yusril Ihza Mahendra, since 20 October 2024.
The chief justice of the Supreme Court of Indonesia is the head of the Supreme Court of Indonesia.
The Attorney General's Office of the Republic of Indonesia is the competent authority to advise the Government of Indonesia on matters of law. It serves as the central organization for the Indonesian Public Prosecution Service. The Attorney General's Office is seated in the national capital Jakarta.
Anwar Usman is an Indonesian judge and jurist who was the sixth Chief Justice of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia. He was elected to the position on 2 April 2018, replacing Arief Hidayat. He previously served as the fifth Deputy Chief Justice of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia. Usman served on the Constitutional Court for four years prior to his confirmation as Deputy Chief Justice. Before replacing Arsyad Sanusi as a sitting justice on the court in April 2011, Usman was a high court judge in Jakarta as well as the manager of human resources at the Supreme Court of Indonesia.
Muhammad Syarifuddin is an Indonesian jurist who serves as the 14th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Indonesia from 30 April 2020 Until October 16, 2024. He also served as the Deputy Chief Justice of the Supreme Court Indonesia for judicial affairs, and previously served as the Supreme Court's head of supervision.
Saldi Isra is an Indonesian jurist and law professor. In April 2017, he became a Justice of the Indonesian Constitutional Court, one of the nation's two top courts. Prior to becoming Constitutional Court Justice, he was a professor of constitutional law at the Andalas University in his native West Sumatra. Throughout his academic career, he received awards in connection to his efforts against corruption in Indonesia.
Muhammad Alhamid is an Indonesian professor, academic, lecturer, and civil servant. Muhammad was the chairman of the Election Supervisory Agency (Bawaslu) for the period 2012–2017, after completing his duties as chairman of the Bawaslu, he was later appointed as a member of the Election Organization Ethics Council of the Republic of Indonesia for the period 2017–2022 and was inaugurated on 12 June 2017 by Indonesian President Joko Widodo.
In the Indonesian military, titular and honorary ranks are two different types of special military ranks. Unlike the normal rank in the Indonesian military, titular and honorary ranks could be given to civilians who served temporarily in the military or contributed to the military.
Artidjo Alkostar was an Indonesian lawyer, judge and legal academic. He served as a Supreme Court Judge and Chairman of the Criminal Chamber of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia, where he was famous for his verdicts that tended to increase sentences for convicted corruption cases and the dissenting opinions he issued in several major cases. At the end of his life, he served as a member of the Supervisory Board of the Corruption Eradication Commission for the period of 2019–2023.
The Pancasila Ideology Development Agency is a non-ministerial government agency formed by the Indonesian government in 2018 with Presidential Decree No.7/2018. The agency was tasked with the main task of preserving Pancasila, the state ideology, and its ideological development and implementation. It is the revitalisation of Presidential Unit of Pancasila Ideology Development formed in 2017.
Lukman Hakim was an Indonesian economist and diplomat who served as Minister of Finance between 1948 and 1950, serving under both the Emergency Government of the Republic of Indonesia and the Republic of Indonesia during the United States of Indonesia period. He was also the Governor of Bank Indonesia between 1958–1959, and the Ambassador to West Germany between 1961 and his death in 1966.
Mohammad Enoch was an Indonesian politician and engineer. He briefly served as Minister of Public Works during the First Amir Sjarifuddin Cabinet prior to his resignation, and also briefly as mayor of Yogyakarta before that.
Adi Andojo Soetjipto was an Indonesian jurist and lecturer who served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of Indonesia from 1981 until his retirement in 1997. Soetjipto was nominated twice for the position by the People's Representative Council in 1979 and 1980 and was installed in 1981. He was known for exposing bribery and collusion inside the Supreme Court and his criticism of the Supreme Court.
Pri Pambudi Teguh is an Indonesian judge, writer, and lecturer. He served as a Justice at the Supreme Court of Indonesia beginning in 2018. He is the older brother of politician Ganjar Pranowo.
