Battle of Aden | |||||||||
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Part of the Yemeni Civil War (2014–present), Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen, and the Aden unrest (2015–2019) | |||||||||
Situation in Aden after the STC seized the city Southern Transitional Council control Hadi Government control | |||||||||
| |||||||||
Belligerents | |||||||||
Supported by: Saudi Arabia [4] [5] | Southern Transitional Council (STC)
Kuwait (commandos SF) United Arab Emirates [10] | ||||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi Ahmed Obeid bin Daghr Ali Mohsen al-Ahmar | Aidarus al-Zoubaidi [11] Hani bin Braik Aser Abdullah Al-Anezi | ||||||||
Strength | |||||||||
Kuwait: 30-60 commandos Thousands [2]Hundreds of demonstrators [12] | |||||||||
Casualties and losses | |||||||||
250 killed [13] 745 wounded | 94 Yemenis killed [11] [14] 6 commandos wounded [15] | ||||||||
40 people killed [16] [17] [18] (3 civilians) [19] 222 wounded, [20] [21] [22] [23] and 40,000 without aid [24] | |||||||||
The Battle of Aden was a conflict between the Southern Transitional Council (STC) and the Yemeni government around the headquarters in Aden. [25]
In Yemen, separatists have been calling for the independence of South Yemen, which was until 1990 an independent state officially known as the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen, with its state capital as Aden. [26] [27] [28] After its incorporation into the Yemen Arab Republic, there were two major attempts to secede, the Yemeni Civil War of 1994 [29] and the South Yemen insurgency (2009–present). [30]
The Southern Transitional Council was created in May 2017. The governor of Aden Aidarus al-Zoubaidi, dismissed from his office on 27 April 2017 by Yemeni President Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi, became its leader. [31] [32]
The Southern National Assembly, made up of 303 members from every southern province, held its first parliamentary session in Aden on 26 December 2017. [33]
Amid tensions between the UAE-backed Southern Transitional Council and the Saudi-backed Hadi government in Aden, the STC announced on 21 January 2018 that it would overthrow the Yemeni government within a week unless President Hadi sacked his entire cabinet, including Prime Minister Ahmed Obeid bin Daghr for corruption. [34] [35] The STC also declared a state of emergency until its demands were met. [36] The government responded by banning protests in Aden, but the STC organised an anti-government rally for 28 January 2018. [37]
Gun battles erupted in Aden on 28 January 2018 when security forces loyal to the Hadi government attempted to prevent pro-STC demonstrators from entering the city. [38] Districts reportedly affected by the fighting included Khormaksar, al-Mansoura, and Dar Sad, with protests taking place in al-Orouth square. Pro-STC forces were reported to have seized a number of government offices, including the Hadi government's headquarters. [10] [34] [38]
The STC captured the government headquarters in Aden. [39] [40] The government also ordered its own troops to return to base, following fierce clashes across Aden. The fighting subsided by the evening after Prime Minister Daghr ordered a truce and instructed forces loyal to the government to return to barracks, witnesses said. [41] In the night, the fighting continued. [42] [43]
New fighting broke out after a brief ceasefire on the day before it collapsed. [44] [45] [46] The STC sent reinforcements from Dhale and Shabwah provinces to Aden. [30] [47] [48] Tank and heavy artillery battles were also fought that day, killing five STC fighters and four Yemeni government soldiers. [14] [49] [50] The Presidential Forces led by Brigadier General Abdullah al-Subaihi began shelling Mount Hadid, which overlooks the 1st brigade for Security Belt Forces and is run by Major General Aidarus al-Zoubaidi. [51] The two sides deployed tanks and began shelling one another in Khormaksar district, where snipers were on the roofs of buildings. [52] The fighting moved into Crater district, and schools were closed for a second consecutive day.
The STC would go on to proclaim victory on the 30 January. [53]
On the 30 January 2018, the STC claimed it had seized the entirety of Aden. [53] [8] [54] [55] [56] [57] [58]
The members of the Hadi-government present in Aden, including the Prime Minister, were surrounded in the Presidential Palace and "de facto under house arrest" [59] [60] [61] [62] but the STC did not enter the palace. [63] [64] Yemen's prime minister prepared to flee the country for Saudi Arabia after the STC seized the area around the presidential palace in the southern city of Aden in fierce battles overnight. [59] [65] [66]
The charity Save the Children suspended humanitarian work in the city due to the fighting. [67]
The STC seized the Dar Sad District, which was the last pro-Hadi stronghold, having captured the Crater and Tawahi districts earlier. [68] Residents have said that the STC captured most of the city by day's end. [69]
On the 31 January, separatists took the office of the prime minister's secretary, but fighting no longer took place. [70] The government and the STC exchanged prisoners after the fighting. [71]
The South Yemen insurgency is a term used by the Yemeni government to describe the protests and attacks on government forces in southern Yemen, ongoing since 27 April 2009. Although the violence has been blamed on elements within the southern secessionist movement, leaders of the group maintain that their aims of independence are to be achieved through peaceful means, and claim that attacks are from ordinary citizens in response to the government's provocative actions. The insurgency comes amid the Shia insurgency in the country's north as led by the Houthi communities. Southern leaders led a brief, unsuccessful secession in 1994 following unification. Many of them are involved in the present secession movement. Southern separatist insurgents are active mainly in the area of former South Yemen, but also in Ad Dali' Governorate, which was not a part of the independent southern state. They are supported by the United Arab Emirates, even though the UAE is a member of the Saudi Arabian-led coalition working to support the Yemeni government.
The Al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen is an ongoing armed conflict between the Yemeni government, the United States and their allies, and al-Qaeda-affiliated groups in Yemen. It is a part of the Global War on Terror.
The Southern Movement, sometimes known as the Southern Separatist Movement, or South Yemen Movement, or Aden Movement, and colloquially known as al-Hirak, is a political movement and paramilitary organization active in the south of Yemen since 2007, demanding secession from the Republic of Yemen and a return to the former independent state of South Yemen. At present, its best-known political offshoot, the Southern Transitional Council led by Aidarus al-Zoubaidi, is the de facto leadership across many provinces of the south.
Yemeni peace process refers to the proposals and negotiations to pacify the Yemeni crisis by arranging a power transfer scheme within the country and later cease-fire attempts within the raging civil war. While initially unsuccessful, the reconciliation efforts resulted with presidential elections, held in Yemen in February 2012. The violence in Yemen, however, continued during the elections and after, culminating in Houthi seizure of power and the ensuing civil war.
The Yemeni crisis began with the 2011–2012 revolution against President Abdullah Saleh, who had led Yemen for 33 years. After Saleh left office in early 2012 as part of a mediated agreement between the Yemeni government and opposition groups, the government led by Saleh's former vice president, Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi, struggled to unite the fractious political landscape of the country and fend off threats both from Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula and from Houthi militants that had been waging a protracted insurgency in the north for years.
The aftermath of the Houthi takeover in Yemen refers to developments following the Houthis' takeover of the Yemeni capital of Sana'a and dissolution of the government, which eventually led to a civil war and the Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen.
Abdel-Aziz bin Habtour is a Yemeni politician who served as prime minister of Houthi-led government in Sanaa from 4 October 2016 to 10 August 2024. On Saturday, August 10, 2024, Bin Habtour was appointed as a member of the Supreme Political Council. He also served as Governor of Aden during the Houthi takeover in Yemen. He is a member of the General People's Congress, sitting on its permanent committee since 1995. An ally of President Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi, he condemned the 2014–15 Yemeni coup d'état and received the deposed leader after his flight from the Houthi-controlled capital of Sanaa on 21 February 2015. He is also a vocal opponent of the separatist movement in the former South Yemen, saying the movement is too fractured and small to achieve its goals.
The Battle of Aden was a nearly four-month battle in 2015 for the control of Aden, Yemen, between Houthis rebels and Yemen Army forces loyal to Ali Abdullah Saleh on one side, and Yemen Army units loyal to Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi and Southern Movement militias on the other side.
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The Aden unrest was a conflict between Islamist factions, such as al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula, and Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant's Yemen Branch, against the loyalists of president Abd Rabbuh Mansur Hadi and later to conflict between UAE-backed and Saudi-backed factions within the coalition. In 2017, fighting also broke out between factions aligned with different members of the Saudi-led coalition namely Saudi Arabia-backed Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi and Al-Islah and UAE-backed separatist Southern Transitional Council and Southern Movement.
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Major General Aidarus Qassem Abdulaziz Al-Zubaidi is the Vice President within the Yemen's Presidential Leadership Council (PLC) and president of the Southern Transitional Council and the de facto leader of the Southern Movement in Yemen. He previously served as the governor of Aden Governorate from December 2015 to April 2017.
The following is a timeline of the Yemeni civil war, which began in September 2014.
The Southern Transitional Council is a secessionist organization in southern Yemen. The 26 members of the STC include the governors of five southern governorates and two government ministers. It was formed by a faction of the Southern Movement. It was established in 2017, and it has called for and worked toward the separation of southern Yemen from the rest of the nation as it previously was until 1990.
The Southern Yemen clashes were a series of clashes in the city of Aden between the pro-Hadi government troops backed by Saudi Arabia and Southern Transitional Council forces backed by the United Arab Emirates. The Southern Transitional Council took control of Aden and Zinjibar.
Events of 2020 in Yemen.
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