Battle of Mukalla (2015)

Last updated
First Battle of Mukalla (2015)
Part of the Yemeni Civil War (2014–present)
Makulla from Hadramaut.jpg
Mukalla as seen from the Indian Ocean.
Date2–16 April 2015
(2 weeks)
Location
Mukalla, Yemen
14°32′00″N49°08′00″E / 14.533333°N 49.133333°E / 14.533333; 49.133333
Result Major AQAP victory
Belligerents

ShababFlag.svg Al-Qaeda

Flag of the Hadhramout Tribes Confederacy.svg Hadhramaut Tribal Alliance [1]

Flag of Yemen.svg Yemen Army

Commanders and leaders
ShababFlag.svg Khalid Batarfi
ShababFlag.svg Ibrahim Sulayman Muhammad Arbaysh   † 		Flag of the Hadhramout Tribes Confederacy.svg Sheikh Abdul Hadi al-Tamimi [2] Flag of Yemen.svg Major General Mohsen Nasser Qasim Hassan [2]
Casualties and losses
8+ killed [3] 1+ killed [1] 7+ killed [3] [4]
2+ civilians killed [3]
Yemen relief location map.jpg
Red pog.svg
class=notpageimage|
Location within Yemen

The First Battle of Mukalla (2015) was a battle between al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula, local tribesmen, and the Yemen Army for control of the coastal city of Mukalla, Yemen.

Contents

The battle

At the end of the March, many Hadi loyal soldiers and forces from the Southern Provinces were sent to the front to fight the Houthis, after a Saudi led-Coalition started an operation to aid the Hadi government in capturing Sana'a. AQAP took advantage of the situation, launching a full-scale attack after years of insurgency in the governorate, to take Mukalla, the provincial capital. Al-Qaeda fighters entered Mukalla on 2 April 2015, seizing control of several government buildings, including the presidential palace. [5] They attacked the city's central prison with rocket-propelled grenades, freeing 300 inmates, including a number of captured militants, also freeing a senior commander, Khalid Batarfi. They also attacked the local branch of the central bank. [6] [7] The group reportedly faced little resistance as it took control of the city. [8] After that, it was reported that Hadi loyalists aided by the Southern Movement retook control of the port of Mukalla, after fighting killed and injured people on both sides. [9] As of the morning of April 3, Hadi loyals were still in control of the army camps, and the airport, in addition to the port. About 500 AQAP fighters were setting checkpoints and bases in their captured areas. [10] In the evening, AQAP fighters stormed the port, and headquarters of the second military zone. [11] The last remaining Yemen Army troops were driven out by mortar fire on 3 April, as the militants occupying the city consolidated their grip. [5] One of the leading al-Qaeda prisoners sprung from prison, Khalid Batarfi, posed for pictures disseminated through social media in the Mukalla presidential palace. [8]

The Washington Post compared the prison break to the escape of 23 jihadists, including future AQAP emir Nasir al-Wuhayshi, from a Saudi prison in 2006, a formative event for the group. [12]

On 4 April, Hadhramaut Governorate tribesmen took over two deserted army bases in Ash Shihr and Riyan, near Mukalla. [13] They then entered Mukalla itself in technicals. [14] At the same time, fighters from Hadrami tribal alliance, entered the port to fight AQAP. [15]

There were conflicting accounts of the situation on 5 April, with the Yemen Times reporting that anti-AQAP tribal fighters surrounded the city but were unable to enter it [3] and Reuters reporting that the tribesmen were successful in retaking much of the city from the jihadists, pushing the al-Qaeda fighters out, although the militants reportedly remained in some neighbourhoods. [16] One tribal fighter and two soldiers were reportedly killed in clashes between tribesmen and Yemeni Army soldiers on 5 April. [1] [4]

The Yemen Observer reported on 7 April, citing "tribal sources", that the Hadhramaut Tribal Alliance and militiamen loyal to the embattled president Abd Rabbuh Mansur Hadi were successful in retaking Mukalla. [1] However, Reuters cited local residents as saying that al-Qaeda remained in control of about half of the city. [17] In 12 April, an drone strike killed 7 AQAP fighters in one of their gatherings in Mukalla. [18] One of the killed, was Ibrahim Sulayman Muhammad Arbaysh. [19]

Al-Qaeda-affiliated militants calling themselves the Sons of Hadhramaut seized an oil terminal and infantry base in Mukalla on 16 April, as well as an air defense base and military airport on the city's outskirts. Yemeni troops reportedly deserted their posts to avoid a fight with the militants. [20] The jihadists also captured a massive weapons depot that contained dozens of tanks, Katyusha rocket launchers and small arms. With this advance, Al-Qaeda consolidated its hold on Hadhramaut province. [21]

An apparent United States drone strike killed an al-Qaeda leader and spokesman, Ibrahim al-Rubeish, to the west of Mukalla on 12 April. The airstrike was the first carried out by the United States since it abandoned Al Anad Air Base during the previous month. [22] Al-Rubeish was a former Guantanamo Bay detainee who had been released in 2006, after five years in the military prison camp. [23]

About 4,000 soldiers in the 135th Brigade based in Hadhramaut switched sides, announcing their support for Hadi after previously backing Saleh and the Houthis, on 16 April. [24] Days later, on 19 April, Brigadier General Abdulrahman al-Halily declared the support of the First Military District and at least 15,000 troops belonging to it for Hadi. [25]

In an apparent error by the Arab Coalition Forces, over 70 soldiers loyal to President Abdo Rabu Mansur Hadi were killed and 200 wounded by shelling during the night of 8 July. [26]

See also

Related Research Articles

In its war on terrorism in Yemen, the US government describes Yemen as "an important partner in the global war on terrorism". There have been attacks on civilian targets and tourists, and there was a cargo-plane bomb plot in 2010. Counter-terrorism operations have been conducted by the Yemeni police, the Yemeni military, and the United States Armed Forces.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mukalla</span> City Federal Capital in Hadramaut, Yemen

Mukalla is a seaport and the capital city of Yemen's largest governorate, Hadhramaut. The city is in the southern part of the Arabian Peninsula on the Gulf of Aden, on the shores of the Arabian Sea, about 480 kilometres east of Aden. It is the most important port city in the Hadhramaut region. It is also the sixth-largest city in Yemen, with a population of approximately 595,000 as of 2023. The city is served by the nearby Riyan International Airport.

Zinjibar is a port and coastal town in south-central Yemen, the capital of Zinjibar District and the Abyan Governorate. It is located next to the Wadi Bana in the Abyan Delta. From 1962 to 1967, it was the administrative capital of the Fadhli Sultanate, although the royal residence remained at the former capital of Shuqrah. At the time of the 2004 census, Zinjibar's population numbered 19,879 inhabitants. The town supports a small seaside resort and fishing industry. Cotton grown in the area is brokered in the market.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen</span> Ongoing conflict

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abyan campaign</span> Campaign of the Yemeni Civil War

The Abyan campaign was a campaign for control of the Abyan Governorate of Yemen, between the Houthis and Yemen Army units loyal to Ali Abdullah Saleh on one side, and militiamen and Yemen Army units loyal to Abd Rabbuh Mansur Hadi on the other side, supported by jihadists of al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula. The Pro-Hadi Forces recaptured the Abyan Governorate on 11 August 2015, after launching an offensive on pro-Houthi forces in early August.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shabwah campaign</span> Campaign of the Yemeni Civil War

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Khalid Batarfi</span> Saudi Arabian al-Qaeda member

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In early December 2015, two Yemeni towns, Zinjibar and Ja'ar, were captured by the jihadist group Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP). This was the second capture and occupation of Zinjibar during unrest in Yemen. The town was earlier taken by AQAP's in May 2011 and held until the summer of 2012.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shabwah Governorate offensive</span> Insurgent campaign by Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abyan conflict</span> Clashes of the Yemeni Civil War

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Al-Kibsi, Hesham (7 April 2015). "'Hadhramout Tribal Alliance' Receives Mukalla From Al-Qaeda". Yemen Observer. Archived from the original on 8 April 2015. Retrieved 7 April 2015.
  2. 1 2 "كرة الحرب تتدحرج إلى حضرموت | أخبار تقارير وحوارات | الجزيرة نت". Aljazeera.net. 4 October 2015. Retrieved 19 April 2022.
  3. 1 2 3 4 "AQAP CONTINUES TO HOLD MUKALLA, TRIBESMEN UNABLE TO ENTER CITY". Yemen Times. 6 April 2015. Archived from the original on 11 May 2015. Retrieved 6 April 2015.
  4. 1 2 "Warplanes hit Yemen's Sanaa overnight, clashes in Mukalla: residents". Reuters. 5 April 2015. Archived from the original on 5 April 2015. Retrieved 6 April 2015.
  5. 1 2 Al-Batati, Saeed; Fahim, Kareem (3 April 2015). "Affiliate of Al Qaeda Seizes Major Yemeni City, Driving Out the Military". The New York Times. The New York Times. Retrieved 4 April 2015.
  6. ↑ Bacchi, Umberto (2 April 2015). "Yemen: Al-Qaeda frees 300 in al-Mukalla prison attack". International Business Times. Retrieved 4 April 2015.
  7. ↑ "القاعدة تحرر 300 معتقل بهجوم على سجن المكلا | أخبار عربي | الجزيرة نت". Aljazeera.net. 4 February 2015. Retrieved 19 April 2022.
  8. 1 2 Bacchi, Umberto (4 April 2015). "Yemen: Al-Qaeda operative Khalid Batarfi takes selfies inside Mukalla government". International Business Times. Retrieved 4 April 2015.
  9. ↑ "صور وتفاصيل حصرية ومشاهدات لآثار مواجهات وقصف وحرق ونهب بالمكلا | مراقبون برس".
  10. ↑ "القاعدة تسيطر جزئيا على المكلا اليمنية | أخبار عربي | الجزيرة نت". Aljazeera.net. Retrieved 19 April 2022.
  11. ↑ "تراجع الحوثيين بالجنوب.. والقاعدة تهدد المكلا".
  12. ↑ Miller, Greg (5 April 2015). "Al-Qaeda franchise in Yemen exploits chaos to rebuild, officials say" . Retrieved 9 April 2015.
  13. ↑ "Yemen tribal forces say will retake Mukalla from Al Qaida". Gulf News. 4 April 2015. Retrieved 4 April 2015.
  14. ↑ "Yemeni tribes enter coastal town to drive out al Qaeda". Reuters. 4 April 2015. Retrieved 4 April 2015.
  15. ↑ دقيقة. "#عاصفة_الحزم.. قصف مواقع بالملاحيط وغمر في #صعدة". Alarabiya.net. Retrieved 19 April 2022.
  16. ↑ "Tribesmen deploy in Yemen's Mukalla, some al Qaeda remain". Reuters. 5 April 2015. Archived from the original on 1 October 2015. Retrieved 7 April 2015.
  17. ↑ "Suspected al Qaeda militants take Yemen border post with Saudi". Reuters. 7 April 2015. Retrieved 8 April 2015.
  18. ↑ "اليمن .. طائرة أمريكية بدون طيار تقتل 8 عناصر من القاعدة | صحيفة الوئام الالكترونية". www.alweeam.com.sa. Archived from the original on 14 April 2015.
  19. ↑ "القاعدة باليمن تعلن مقتل أحد قادتها بقصف أميركي | أخبار عربي | الجزيرة نت". Aljazeera.net. 14 April 2015. Retrieved 19 April 2022.
  20. ↑ Al-Yarisi, Amal (16 April 2015). "Al-Qaeda consolidates foothold in Yemen's largest province". dpa international. Archived from the original on 16 April 2015. Retrieved 16 April 2015.
  21. ↑ Al-Qaida in Yemen Takes Massive Weapons Depot From Army
  22. ↑ "Yemen's exiled president appoints conciliatory figure as deputy". Reuters. 13 April 2015. Archived from the original on 13 April 2015. Retrieved 13 April 2015.
  23. ↑ Shane, Scott (14 April 2015). "U.S. Drone Kills a Top Figure in Al Qaeda's Yemen Branch". The New York Times. Retrieved 14 April 2015.
  24. ↑ Al-Haqbani, Nasser (17 April 2015). "Yemen: Houthis in retreat, UN calls for ceasefire". Asharq al-Awsat. Archived from the original on 24 May 2015. Retrieved 18 April 2015.
  25. ↑ "Yemen's Houthi leader accuses Saudi Arabia of seeking to invade". Reuters. 19 April 2015. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 19 April 2015.
  26. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 20 November 2018. Retrieved 8 July 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

14°32′06″N49°07′25″E / 14.5350°N 49.1235°E / 14.5350; 49.1235

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