Houthi hijacking of the Galaxy Leader

Houthi hijacking of the Galaxy Leader
Part of Middle Eastern crisis (2023–present) and Red Sea crisis
Galaxy Leader in 2006
Date November 19, 2023 (2023-11-19) Location Red Sea Status Galaxy Leader held by Houthis, Hostages released after 2025 Israel-Hamas Ceasefire
Belligerents
Houthis	Crew members
Strength
1 helicopter 10 armed militants	25 unarmed crew members
Casualties and losses
None	25 taken hostage, Some injured in the incident

The hijacking of the Galaxy Leader occurred on November 19, 2023, when Yemen's Houthi rebels seized the Bahamian-flagged, Japanese-operated and British-owned cargo ship in the Red Sea near the Yemeni port of Hodeidah. The ship, en route from Turkey to India, was boarded by 10 armed militants who were dropped off by a helicopter and detained its 25 crew members, including nationals from the Philippines, Ukraine, Mexico, and Romania.

The Hijacking

At least ten armed Houthi hijackers used a military helicopter to board the vessel. ^[1] After seizing the vessel, they brought it to Hodeidah. ^{[2] [3]} Onboard Galaxy Leader were 25 crew members, including 17 from the Philippines; other crew members came from Bulgaria (including the captain and first mate), Ukraine, Mexico, and Romania. ^{[3] [2]} The maritime risk management firm Ambrey also described the hijacking as sophisticated and bearing the hallmarks of an Iranian-style operation. ^[4] The Houthis videorecorded their attack and released the footage the next day, ^{[5] [6]} using the attack as propaganda. ^[6]

An American defense official told the Associated Press in November 2023 that hijackers appeared to have been trained by a professional military, possibly Iran's. ^[4] The Iranian government supports the Houthis, and the United States government said in December 2023 that the Iranian operational and intelligence assistance facilitated the Houthis' attacks on commercial vessels in the Red Sea. ^[7] The Iranian government denied involvement. ^{[7] [4]}

After 430 days in captivity, the 25 crew members were released and transferred to Oman. The release coincided with a cease-fire agreement in Gaza and a reduction in Houthi attacks in the Red Sea. ^[8]

Aftermath

The hijacking of Galaxy Leader, as well as a spate of Houthi drone and missile attacks on merchant shipping in the Bab-el-Mandeb strait passing into the Red Sea, threatened global shipping routes. This prompted the creation, in December 2023, of Operation Prosperity Guardian, a multilateral operation of ten nations to protect shipping in the area. ^{[9] [10]} The effort, which is under the auspices of the Combined Task Force 153, is led by the United States Navy, with the participation of the Royal Navy, Bahrain, Canada, France, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Seychelles, and Spain. ^[10]

International reactions

• United States — The U.S. government denounced the seizure of a cargo ship as a violation of international law and demanded the immediate release of the vessel and its crew. ^[11]
• United Nations — The Security Council condemned the Houthi seizure of the ship and demanded the immediate release of the vessel and its 25 crew members, who had been unlawfully detained for almost a year. ^[12]
• United Kingdom — "The UK is committed to ensuring the safety of shipping in the region, including through our contribution to the International Maritime Security Construct and Combined Maritime Forces," said the UK Foreign Office. ^[13]
• Japan — Japan condemned the hijacking of the Japanese-operated, British-owned cargo ship. ^[14]
• Israel — The Israel Defense Forces called the hijacking a "very serious incident on the global scale." ^[15]

References

1. Christiaan Triebert and David Botti, Video Shows Yemen’s Houthi Militia Hijacking Ship in the Red Sea, New York Times (November 11, 2023).
2. Saul, Jonathan; Landay, Jonathan; Psaledakis, Daphne (November 21, 2023). Fincher, Christina; Gregorio, David (eds.). "Seized Galaxy Leader ship in Yemen's Hodeidah port area -owner". Reuters. Retrieved December 22, 2023.
3. "Houthi Commander Welcomes Hijacked Crew to Yemen". The Maritime Executive. November 22, 2023. Retrieved November 23, 2023.
4. Gambrell, Jon (November 21, 2023). "Analysis: Iran-backed Yemen rebels' helicopter-borne attack on ship raises risks in crucial Red Sea". AP News. Retrieved November 25, 2023.
5. Video shows moment Houthi rebels storm cargo ship in the Red Sea, CNN (November 21, 2023).
6. Yemen's Houthis publish footage of Galaxy Leader hijacking, Jewish News Syndicate (November 20, 2023).
7. Heavens, Louise (December 23, 2023) Iran denies helping Houthis plan attacks on Israel-linked ships, Reuters.
8. Gambrell, Jon (January 22, 2025). "Yemen's Houthi Rebels Free Crew of Hijacked Galaxy Leader". AP News. Retrieved March 4, 2025.
9. US-led coalition to create safe corridor in Red Sea as ship diversions mount, Financial Times (December 21, 2023)
10. WSC says Operation Prosperity Guardian to aid maritime security amid Red Sea attacks, S&P Global (December 19, 2023).
11. "U.S. demands immediate release of ship, crew seized by Yemen's Houthi rebels". CBC News. Reuters.
12. "Security Council Press Statement on Anniversary of Houthis' Unlawful Detention of Galaxy Leader Crew". United Nations (Press release). Retrieved May 11, 2025.
13. Meade, Richard (November 21, 2023). "UK government calls for release of hijacked Galaxy Leader". Lloyd's List. Retrieved May 11, 2025.
14. McGarvey, Emily; da Costa, Ana Nicolaci (November 20, 2023). "Japan condemns Yemen's Houthi rebels hijack of cargo ship in Red Sea". BBC News. Retrieved May 11, 2025.
15. Fabian, Emanuel. "IDF confirms Houthis hijacked ship in Red Sea, says it is not an Israeli vessel". The Times of Israel . ISSN   0040-7909 . Retrieved May 11, 2025.