2024 Israeli military operation in the West Bank

Last updated

2024 Israeli military operation in the West Bank
Part of the Israeli incursions in the West Bank during the Israel–Hamas war
West Bank full borders.png
The West Bank in 2024, with the Palestinian enclaves in green and the Israeli settlements in light blue
Date28 August – 7 November 2024
Location
Result

Inconclusive

  • IDF announces conclusion of operation on 7 November
Belligerents
Flag of Israel.svg  Israel

Flag of Palestine.svg Palestinian militant groups

Flag of Palestine.svg Palestinian Authority
Units involved

Flag of the Israel Defense Forces.svg  Israel Defense Forces

Flag of the Israel Border Police.svg Israeli Border Police

Flag of Palestine.svg Palestinian Joint Operations Room

Emblem of the Palestinian National Security Forces.svg Palestinian National Security Forces
Emblem of the Palestinian Civil Police Force.png Palestinian Civil Police Force
Casualties and losses
2 IDF soldiers killed, [8] [9] [5] 4 wounded [5] [6]
3 settlers killed, [10] 3 wounded [11]
2+ armoured vehicles damaged [12]

At least 25 insurgents killed [13] [14] [15] [16]
Per Israel: [17] [18] [19]
23+ insurgents killed

30+ suspected insurgents arrested

Contents

Unknown
At least 59 Palestinians killed, (including a woman, a disabled person, a UNRWA staff member, two elderly people and several children) [a] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25]
1 foreign activist killed
At least 150 wounded [26]

From 28 August 2024 to 7 November 2024, Israel launched a large-scale military operation in the occupied West Bank. [27] [28] [29] [30]

It was Israel's largest military operation in the West Bank in more than 20 years since its Operation Defensive Shield in 2002, [31] and was a significant escalation of the continual Israeli incursions into the region against Palestinian militants during the ongoing Israel–Hamas war. Israel called it "OperationSummer Camps" (Hebrew : מבצע מחנות קיץ), [32] [33] [34] while Palestinian militants labeled their response as the "Horror of the Camps" (Arabic : رعب المخيمات) operation. [35] [36]

Israel said its goal was to stop Palestinian militant activity in the West Bank, whereas Palestinians felt that this could be an expansion of the war that aims to expel them out of the territories they aim to establish a state on. [37] Israel also said the raids were aimed to thwart Palestinian suicide bombings, following a failed attempt in Tel Aviv. [38]

Background

Israel's military operation occurred as Israeli settler violence targeting Palestinian infrastructure and civilians in the West Bank has surged. [28] More than 650 Palestinians in the West Bank, including gunmen and civilians were killed since the Hamas-led October 7 attacks, which began the ongoing war, while 27 Israelis, including both civilians and security forces were killed in Palestinian attacks within Israel and the West Bank. [38] [39] [40]

Timeline

28 August

Israel Defense Forces (IDF) Arabic spokesman Avichay Adraee announced a counterterrorism operation called "Summer Camps" in a joint statement with the Shin Bet. [41] [42] Israeli foreign minister Israel Katz stated that the operation was a "full-fledged war" focused on stamping out "terrorist infrastructures", accusing Iran of trying to establish an "eastern terrorist front" against Israel in the West Bank by funding and arming local militants. [31] [43] The Israeli operation came about following a failed suicide bombing in Tel Aviv by a Hamas operative, and calls by Hamas for the renewal of suicide attacks. [38] [ improper synthesis? ]

Hundreds of troops from the IDF, [41] [44] as well as bulldozers and air support, began operating in Tulkarm and Jenin. [29] Operations were also reported in al-Fara'a refugee camp, near Tubas. Entry points into Tulkarm and Jenin were blocked off by the IDF, which also encircled two hospitals in Tulkarm. [29]

29 August

The IDF killed Muhammad Jabber, known as Abu Shujaa, who led the Tulkarm Brigade, based in Nur Shams. He was wanted by Israel for his involvement in planning and executing multiple attacks against Israeli targets, including the June 2024 shooting of an Israeli civilian. [45] [28]

Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) in Tulkarm and Jenin targeted IDF troops operating in these cities with ambushes and explosives.

The IDF withdrew from the al-Fara'a refugee camp, claiming they completed "the objective of foiling terror, exposing terrorist infrastructure and eliminating armed terrorists". [46]

30 August

Israeli Border Police forces killed Wassem Hazem, the head of Hamas in Jenin, near the town of Zababdeh. [46] [47] [48] The Jenin Brigades reported "fierce clashes" with Israeli soldiers inside Jenin. [49]

The al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades [50] used two car bombs to attack Israeli settlements near Hebron. [51]

31 August

Aftermath of the first raid on Jenin from August to September 2024

The IDF announced that a squad commander of the Bislamach Brigade's 906th Battalion was killed and three others were injured during a shootout with two Hamas fighters in Jenin. Both militants were also killed. [5]

The family of a 10-year-old girl accused the IDF of using her as a human shield. [52]

1 September

The Khalil al-Rahman Brigade, a minor Palestinian militant group, killed three Israeli police officers who were driving near Hebron. [53] [54] [55]

3 September

A Palestinian girl, Lujain Musleh, aged 16, was reportedly shot dead by the Israeli military in Kafr Dan when she looked out of her home's window; the Israeli military responded that "terrorists opened fire at IDF soldiers in the area, and in response the soldiers fired back at a suspect who observed the forces in the area, in order to remove a threat". [56]

6 September

The IDF withdrew from Jenin, Tulkarm, and their refugee camps. [57] [58] [59] Following the Israeli withdrawal from Jenin, militants were seen parading through the city. [60]

There was speculation that the withdrawals signified the operation had concluded, but Israel clarified that it was not over and that its forces would continue military actions "in order to achieve the objectives of the counterterrorism operation". [58] [61] [62]

9 September

It was reported that the Palestinian Authority agreed to a new security deal with Israel that would see its National Security Forces working alongside the IDF in the West Bank to counter militancy when the Israeli operation concludes. [63] [64] PA security forces have often worked with the IDF to an extent, arresting militants, confiscating weapons, interfering with militant ambushes during Israeli incursions, and dismantling explosives. [65] [66]

Clashes broke out between militants and PA security forces in the Jenin refugee camp after the latter dismantled an explosive intended to target IDF vehicles near the camp entrance. [67] [68]

10 September

Soldiers of the Kfir Brigade raiding a house in the West Bank Operation Summer Camps 2024 IDF 05.jpg
Soldiers of the Kfir Brigade raiding a house in the West Bank

The IDF returned to operate inside Tulkarm and its surrounding refugee camps. [69] [70] [71]

11 September

An Israeli airstrike near Tubas killed five people. [72]

A Palestinian militant carried out a ramming attack near the Givat Asaf settlement, killing one IDF soldier. [73]

12 September

The IDF withdrew from Tulkarm. [74]

The IDF killed 10 people during a raid into al-Fara'a camp, including a UNRWA worker whom Israel accused of participating in Palestinian militancy. [75]

19 September

The IDF battled Palestinian militias in Qabatiya, where it also conducted an airstrike that killed four militants, including Shadi Zakarneh, a local commander. [76] [77] Soldiers were seen kicking and throwing the corpses of dead militants off a rooftop in the city. [78]

The al-Quds Brigades of PIJ targeted the Shaked settlement with gunfire. [77]

The al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades targeted an IDF checkpoint at Mount Ebal with gunfire. [79]

21 September

The al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades targeted an IDF checkpoint at Mount Gerzim with gunfire. [79]

25 September

The IDF resumed operations inside Jenin. [80]

26 September

The IDF conducted a situational assessment in the West Bank to review how to prevent attacks from Palestinian militants ahead of upcoming Jewish holidays. [81]

30 September

In Balata Camp outside Nablus, four IDF soldiers, including one from the elite Duvdevan Unit, were wounded during an exchange of fire with militants. [82] [83]

1 October

PA security forces in Nablus shot at and unsuccessfully pursued a local militant, who was killed hours later by the IDF during one of their raids into the city. [84] [85]

3 October

An Israeli airstrike on a café in the Tulkarm refugee camp killed at least 20 people, including Zahi Yaser Abd al-Razeq Oufi and Ayyth Radwan, the heads of the local Hamas and PIJ branches, respectively. It was the first Israeli strike on Tulkarm since 2002 during Operation Defensive Shield. [86] The targeting of off-duty militants and Israeli disregard for Palestinian civilian life led to several civilians including elderly and children to be killed in the airstrike, which was the deadliest since the Second Uprising of 2000-2005. [87] [88] Laith Jaar, an Al Jazeera journalist who was covering the bombing was assaulted by a PA security officer, who threatened to shoot him. Jaar was subsequently arrested and detained by the PA security forces, [89] [90] but was released the next day. [91]

4 October

An Israeli airstrike on a building in the Tulkarm refugee camp killed 12 Hamas and PIJ members who had gathered to plan an attack against Israel. [92]

6 October

The Mujahideen Brigades of the Palestinian Mujahideen Movement carried out a shooting attack on a gathering of IDF soldiers and settlers near Jenin. [93]

8 October

The Israeli Border Police killed two local al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades commanders in Nablus. [94]

The al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades fired at an IDF checkpoint near Mount Gerzim. [94]

10 October

Israeli airstrikes killed two PIJ commanders in Tulkarm. [95]

11 October

The al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades targeted an IDF checkpoint at Qalandiya with an explosive, and fired at the Avnei Hefetz settlement near Tulkarm. [95]

19 October

PIJ targeted a vehicle in the Mevo Dotan settlement with gunfire. [96]

A militant conducted a ramming attack against an Israeli police vehicle near the Ofra settlement, but was shot dead and did not inflict any casualities. [96] [97]

20 October

Three children in Beit Furik, east of Nablus, were wounded by IDF gunfire during a raid into the town. [98]

Four armed Palestinians were detained by the IDF near Nabi Musa, south of Jericho; they were reportedly threatening some hikers in the area. [99] [97]

24 October

The IDF foiled an attempted attack, likely from PIJ, against the Avnei Hefetz settlement near Tulkarm, disabling two explosives found at a water well. [100]

25 October

The IDF killed Islam Jamil Odeh, a local Hamas commander in Tulkarm. [101]

1 November

The Al-Aqsa Martyrs’ Brigades fired small arms targeting Israeli forces in Nablus and the Bekaot settlement. [102]

7 November

Following a large IDF raid into Tulkarm, which involved a drone strike on a group of militants, the IDF announced the completion of its operation. [30]

Responses

UN secretary general António Guterres, called for Israel to end its operations in the West Bank. [38] UN secretary general spokesman said Israel should "exercise maximum restraint and use lethal force only when it is strictly unavoidable to protect life." [38] In a social media post, the UN Human Rights Office stated it was "appalled" by reports that Israel had "shot and unlawfully killed" three children in Jenin. [103]

The Israeli ambassador to the UN responded by saying that Israel will not wait for suicide bombings, adding that bombs were being smuggled in by Iran. [38] The United States called for Israel to protect civilians in the West Bank during its operations, and recognized Israeli security reasoning for the operation. [38]

Hamas called for Palestinians in the West Bank to rise up and blamed the escalation on United States support for Israel. It also called on the Palestinian Authority's security forces to join the fighting against Israel.

The Palestinian Authority condemned the operation despite its own cooperation with Israel, and called on the United States to intervene. [104]

In late-September 2024, the International Rescue Committee warned that intensifying violence in the West Bank could obstruct the healthcare system. [105]

See also

Notes

  1. 21 in Jenin, 13 in Tubas, 12 in Tulkarm, 3 in Hebron, 1 in Nablus, 7 in Qabatiya. [13] [14] [20]

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