Hunminjeongeum Society | |
Hangul | 훈민정음학회 |
---|---|
Hanja | |
Revised Romanization | Hunmin Jeongeum Hakhoe |
McCune–Reischauer | Hunmin Chŏngŭm Hakhoe |
The Hunminjeongeum Society,sometimes called the "Hunminjeongeum Research Institute" in English-language newspaper accounts,is a private organization in Seoul dedicated to the propagation of Hangul to all the unwritten languages of the world. [1] ( Hunminjeongeum was the original name of hangul.) The society was founded by Lee Ki-nam,a retired real-estate agent,in 2007,after she had failed to bring hangul to the Tungusic Oroqen of Heilongjiang,China;the Chepang of Nepal;and the Lahu of Chiang Mai,Thailand;she attributed these failures to a reliance on Korean Christian missionaries in those countries,whose primary focus was not linguistics or literacy. [1]
As of 2015,the society is chaired by linguistics professor Kim Ju-won of Seoul National University,and its current focus is on countries that send large numbers of people to work in Korea. In 2009 it succeeded in getting the city of Baubau,on Buton Island in Southeast Sulawesi,Indonesia,to adopt hangul for the Cia-Cia language. The society has published a series of hangul Cia-Cia textbooks for use in schools,using an orthography designed by Kim, [2] but in 2012 it was reported that adoption ultimately failed and has been abandoned. [3]
Korean is the native language for about 80 million people,mostly of Korean descent. It is the official and national language of both North Korea and South Korea,but over the past 74 years of political division,the two Koreas have developed some noticeable vocabulary differences. Beyond Korea,the language is a recognised minority language in parts of China,namely Jilin Province,and specifically Yanbian Prefecture and Changbai County. It is also spoken in parts of the Russian island of Sakhalin and parts of Central Asia by the Koryo-saram.
Sejong of Joseon,personal name Yi Do,widely known as Sejong the Great,was the fourth ruler of the Joseon dynasty of Korea. Initially titled Grand Prince Chungnyeong,he was born as the third son of King Taejong and Queen Wongyeong. In 1418,he was designated as heir after his eldest brother,Crown Prince Yi Je,was stripped of his status. Today,King Sejong is regarded as one of the greatest leaders in Korean history.
Ju Sigyeong was one of the founders of modern Korean linguistics. He was born in Pongsan-gun,Hwanghae-do in 1876. He helped to standardize the Korean language,based on the spelling and grammar of vernacular Korean.
The Korean Alphabet Day,known as Hangeul Day (Korean: 한글날) in South Korea,and Chosŏn'gŭl Day (Korean: 조선글날) in North Korea,is a national Korean commemorative day marking the invention and proclamation of Hangul (한글),the Korean alphabet,by the 15th century Korean King Sejong the Great. It is observed on October 9th in South Korea and January 15th in North Korea. Excluding the years 1990 to 2012,when the government maximized business days to expedite industrial growth,Hangul Day has been a national holiday in South Korea since 1970.
Choe Sejin was a Korean linguist,and a translator and interpreter of the Chinese language during the Joseon Dynasty. He is of the Goesan Choe clan and his courtesy name was Gongseo. He is widely known for his research with the Korean hangul letters,and comparative studies with Chinese and Korean,which further led to the propagation of hangul during a time period when Chinese characters were used as the main system of writing. Choe was recognized by many for his talents as an official interpreter in the Korean Embassies in Beijing and in his works in hangul research. However,he lived a tumultuous life due to this middle class status,which led him to be the target of many envious aristocrats of his era.
Hankuk University of Foreign Studies is a private research university based in Seoul,in South Korea. HUFS consistently ranks as one of the best universities in South Korea. The university currently teaches 45 foreign languages. In addition,it contains studies in humanities,law,social sciences,business,medical science,natural sciences,and engineering.
Buton is an island in Indonesia located off the southeast peninsula of Sulawesi. It covers roughly 4,727 square kilometers in area,or about the size of Madura;it is the 129th largest island in the world and Indonesia's 19th largest in area.
Korean calligraphy,also known as Seoye,is the Korean tradition of artistic writing. Calligraphy in Korean culture involves both Hanja and Hangul.
The Hall of Worthies,or Jiphyeonjeon,was a royal research institute set up by Sejong the Great of the Korean Joseon Dynasty in March 1420. Set up during the beginning of his reign,King Sejong staffed the Hall of Worthies with talented scholars and instructed them to conduct a variety of research activities to strengthen his rule and the nation. The Hall of Worthies is well-known for its role in compiling the Hunminjeongeum,the original treatise on Hangul.
Gugyeol,also kwukyel,is a system for rendering texts written in Classical Chinese into understandable Korean. It was chiefly used during the Joseon Dynasty,when readings of the Chinese classics were of paramount social importance. Thus,in gugyeol,the original text in classical Chinese was not modified,and the additional markers were simply inserted between phrases. The Korean reader would then read the parts of the Chinese sentence out of sequence to approximate Korean (SOV) rather than Chinese (SVO) word order. A similar system for reading classical Chinese is used to this day in Japan and is known as kanbun kundoku.
More than 700 living languages are spoken in Indonesia. These figures indicate that Indonesia has about 10% of the world's languages,establishing its reputation as the second most linguistically diverse nation in the world after Papua New Guinea. Most languages belong to the Austronesian language family,while there are over 270 Papuan languages spoken in eastern Indonesia.
Korean mixed script is a form of writing the Korean language that uses a mixture of the Korean alphabet or hangul and hanja,the Korean name for Chinese characters. The distribution on how to write words usually follows that all native Korean words,including grammatical endings,particles and honorific markers are generally written in hangul and never in hanja. Sino-Korean vocabulary or hanja-eo,either words borrowed from Chinese or created from Sino-Korean roots,were generally always written in hanja although very rare or complex characters were often substituted with hangul. Although the Korean alphabet was introduced and taught to people beginning in 1446,most literature until the early twentieth century was written in literary Chinese known as hanmun.
Wolio is an Austronesian language spoken in and around Baubau on Buton Island,Southeast Sulawesi,Indonesia. It belongs to the Wotu–Wolio branch of the Celebic subgroup. Also known as Buton,it is a trade language and the former court language of the Sultan at Baubau. Today it is an official regional language;street signs are written in the Buri Wolio alphabet,based on the Arabic script.
The Korean alphabet is the native script of Korea,created in the mid fifteenth century by King Sejong,as both a complement and an alternative to the logographic Sino-Korean Hanja. Initially denounced by the educated class as eonmun,it only became the primary Korean script following independence from Japan in the mid-20th century.
The traditional periodization of Korean distinguishes:
Cia-Cia,also known as Buton or Butonese,is an Austronesian language spoken principally around the city of Baubau on the southern tip of Buton Island off the southeast coast of Sulawesi in Indonesia.
During the Parade of Nations portion of the 1988 Summer Olympics opening ceremony,athletes from each country participating in the Olympics paraded in the arena,preceded by their flag. The flag was borne by a sportsperson from that country chosen either by the National Olympic Committee or by the athletes themselves to represent their country.
The Korean alphabet,known as Hangul in South Korea and Chosŏn'gŭl in North Korea,is the modern official writing system for the Korean language. The letters for the five basic consonants reflect the shape of the speech organs used to pronounce them,and they are systematically modified to indicate phonetic features;similarly,the vowel letters are systematically modified for related sounds,making Hangul a featural writing system. It has been described as a "syllabic alphabet",as it combines the features of alphabetic and syllabic writing systems,although it is not necessarily an abugida.
Yaminjeongeum is a South Korean internet meme which disassembles Hangul characters of a word and replaces them with others which appear similar to the correct form. For example,daejang is changed into meojang (머장),since dae (대) resembles meo (머). The name Yaminjeongeum is a blend of Hunminjeongeum and Yagael (야갤);Yagael is short for Gungnae Yagu Gaelleori,the domestic baseball league section of DC Inside.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Korean language: