Hyloxalus exasperatus

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Hyloxalus exasperatus
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Dendrobatidae
Genus: Hyloxalus
Species:
H. exasperatus
Binomial name
Hyloxalus exasperatus
(Lynch and Duellman  [ fr ], 1988)
Synonyms

Colostethus exasperatusDuellman and Lynch, 1988 [2]

Contents

Hyloxalus exasperatus or the Yapitya rocket frog is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to Ecuador and found on the eastern slopes of the Andes in Pastaza and Morona-Santiago Provinces. [3] [4] However, it is suggested that specimens from Pastaza represent a different, possibly undescribed species. [4] [5] [1]

Description

Males measure 17.5–20 mm (0.69–0.79 in) and females 21 mm (0.83 in) in snout–vent length (based on only six and two specimens, respectively). Toe webbing is absent but it has a dorsolateral stripe and a short oblique lateral stripe. It is similar to Hyloxalus whymperi but lacks heavy darkening on the abdomen of males. [4] [6] Male call is unknown. [6] [5]

Etymology

Students of South American frogs named this frog exasperatus for feelings of frustration and exasperation while waiting fifteen years for scientist Stephen R. Edwards to finish writing his reassessment of the genus Colostethus . [5]

Habitat

Its natural habitats are pluvial premontane and very humid premontane forests. Its altitudinal range is 970–1,981 m (3,182–6,499 ft) asl. [1]

Scientists found some of these frogs in one protected park: Bosque Protector Cordillera Kutuku-Shaimi. [1]

Reproduction

Scientists believe the frog reproduces the same way many other frogs in Hyloxalus do: the female frog lays eggs on the ground and the male frog carries the tadpoles to streams. [1]

Threats

The IUCN classifies this frog as critically endangered and possibly extinct. Scientists believe that there are no more than 250 alive today, no more than 50 in each separate population. [1]

It is threatened by habitat loss and degradation caused by agricultural expansion, logging, and gold and copper mining. [1]

Related Research Articles

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Hyloxalus cevallosi, also known as Palanda rocket frog, is a species of poison dart frogs in the family Dendrobatidae. It is named after Gabriel Cevallos García, a famous Ecuadorean writer. This species of frog occurs on the east side of the Andes in Ecuador in the Pastaza Province. Its natural habitats are very humid premontane and pluvial premontane forests.

Hyloxalus delatorreae is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to the western slopes of the Andes in extreme northern Ecuador.

<i>Hyloxalus elachyhistus</i> Species of frog

Hyloxalus elachyhistus is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is found in southern Ecuador and northern Peru, in the Huancabamba Depression and south to Cajabamba Province.

Hyloxalus fallax is a species of frogs in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to Ecuador and only known from the region of its type locality in the Cotopaxi Province, on the western slopes of the Andes. Common name Cotopaxi rocket frog has been coined for this species.

Leucostethus fugax, also known as Pastaza rocket frog, is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to the eastern slopes of the Cordillera Oriental, southern Ecuador. Although originally only known from the valley of Pastaza River, it is now known to be more widespread. Its known range extends close to the Peruvian border and its true range may include Peru.

Hyloxalus fuliginosus or the Quijos rocket frog is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to Ecuador where it is known from the Amazonian slopes of the Andes in the northern Ecuador, with some sources reporting it from Colombia and Venezuela.

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Hyloxalus lehmanni is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is found widely in Colombia from Antioquia southwards along the Cordillera Occidental and Cordillera Central to northern Ecuador.

Hyloxalus maquipucuna is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to Ecuador where it is only known from its type locality in the Maquipucuna reserve, in the Pichincha Province.

Hyloxalus marmoreoventris is a species of frogs in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to Ecuador and only known from its type locality on the eastern slope of the Andes in the Tungurahua Province. It is a little known species which possibly has not been observed after the holotype was collected in 1962.

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<i>Hyloxalus nexipus</i> Species of frog

Hyloxalus nexipus is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is found on eastern slopes and foothills of the Andes from southeastern Ecuador south to the region of Yurimaguas in Peru.

Hyloxalus pulchellus is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae from the Andes of northern Ecuador and southern Colombia.

Hyloxalus sauli is a species of frogs in the family Dendrobatidae. It is found on the eastern Andean slopes in Putumayo, Colombia, and in Sucumbíos, Napo, Orellana, and Pastaza Provinces, Ecuador. It is named after William Saul from the University of Kansas Natural History Museum.

Hyloxalus shuar is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to Ecuador and Peru and is currently known from only two locations, though formerly widespread. The common English-language names Santiago rocket frog and Shuar rocket frog have been proposed for it.

Hyloxalus toachi is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to northwestern Ecuador.

Hyloxalus maculosus, also known as spotted rocket frog, is a species of frogs in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to the eastern slopes of Ecuadorian Andes in Napo and Pastaza provinces at elevations of 342 to 1,225 m asl.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2023). "Sky Blue Poison Dart Frog: Hyloxalus exasperatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2023: e.T55077A98644535. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2023-1.RLTS.T55077A98644535.en . Retrieved August 29, 2024.
  2. ↑ Duellman, William E.; Lynch, John D. (1988). "Anuran amphibians from the Cordillera de Cutucú, Ecuador". Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 140 (2): 125–142. JSTOR   4064938.
  3. ↑ Frost, Darrel R. (2014). "Hyloxalus exasperatus (Duellman and Lynch, 1988)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 23 March 2015.
  4. 1 2 3 Coloma, LA; Ortiz, DA & Frenkel, C. (2013). "Hyloxalus exasperatus". Ron, S. R., Guayasamin, J. M., Yanez-Muñoz, M. H., Merino-Viteri, A., Ortiz, D. A. y Nicolalde, D. A. 2014. AmphibiaWebEcuador. Version 2014.0. Museo de Zoología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ). Retrieved 23 March 2015.[ permanent dead link ]
  5. 1 2 3 Luis A. Coloma; Diego A. Ortiz; Caty Frenkel (May 14, 2013). Luis A. Coloma (ed.). "Hyloxalus exasperatus (Duellman and Lynch, 1988)". AmphibiaWeb (in Spanish). University of California, Berkeley. Retrieved August 29, 2024.
  6. 1 2 Coloma, L. A. (1995). "Ecuadorian frogs of the genus Colostethus (Anura: Dendrobatidae)". Miscellaneous Publication, Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas. 87: 1–72.
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