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Parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 20 April 1991. [1] The Independence Party remained the largest party in the Lower House of the Althing, winning 17 of the 42 seats. [2]
Iceland is a Nordic island country in the North Atlantic, with a population of 348,580 and an area of 103,000 km2 (40,000 sq mi), making it the most sparsely populated country in Europe. The capital and largest city is Reykjavík, with Reykjavík and the surrounding areas in the southwest of the country being home to over two-thirds of the population. Iceland is volcanically and geologically active. The interior consists of a plateau characterised by sand and lava fields, mountains, and glaciers, and many glacial rivers flow to the sea through the lowlands. Iceland is warmed by the Gulf Stream and has a temperate climate, despite a high latitude just outside the Arctic Circle. Its high latitude and marine influence keep summers chilly, with most of the archipelago having a tundra climate.
The Independence Party is a liberal-conservative, Eurosceptic political party in Iceland. It is currently the largest party in the Althing, with 16 seats. The chairman of the party is Bjarni Benediktsson. The secretary of the party is Áslaug Arna Sigurbjörnsdóttir.
The Alþingi is the national parliament of Iceland. It is the oldest surviving parliament in the world, a claim shared by Tynwald. The Althing was founded in 930 at Þingvellir, situated approximately 45 kilometres (28 mi) east of what later became the country's capital, Reykjavík. Even after Iceland's union with Norway in 1262, the Althing still held its sessions at Þingvellir until 1800, when it was discontinued for 45 years. It was restored in 1844 and moved to Reykjavík, where it has resided ever since. The present parliament building, the Alþingishús, was built in 1881, made of hewn Icelandic stone.
Party | Chairperson(s) | Votes | % | ± | Lower House | Upper House | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Seats | ± | Seats | ± | ||||||
Independence Party (Sjálfstæðisflokkurinn) | Davíð Oddsson | 60,836 | 38.6 | 17 | 9 | ||||
Progressive Party (Framsóknarflokkurinn) | Steingrímur Hermannsson | 29,866 | 18.9 | 9 | 4 | ||||
Social Democratic Party (Alþýðuflokkurinn) | Jón Baldvin Hannibalsson | 24,459 | 15.5 | 7 | 3 | ||||
People's Alliance (Alþýðubandalagið) | Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson | 22,706 | 14.4 | 6 | 3 | ||||
Women's List (Kvennalistinn) | no designated chairperson | 13,069 | 8.3 | 3 | 2 | ||||
National Party - Humanist Party (Þjóðarflokkurinn - Flokkur mannsins) | ? | 2,871 | 1.8 | — | 0 | — | 0 | — | |
Liberals (Frjálslyndir) | ? | 1,927 | 1.2 | — | 0 | — | 0 | — | |
Home Rule Association (Heimastjórnarsamtökin) | ? | 975 | 0.6 | — | 0 | — | 0 | — | |
Green Candidature (Grænt framboð) | ? | 502 | 0.3 | — | 0 | — | 0 | — | |
Extreme Social Democrats (Samtök öfgasinnaðra jafnaðarmanna) | ? | 459 | 0.3 | — | 0 | — | 0 | — | |
Labour Party of Iceland (Verkamannaflokkur Íslands) | ? | 99 | 0.1 | — | 0 | — | 0 | — | |
Valid votes | 157,769 | 98.5 | |||||||
Invalid/Blank votes | 2,373 | 1.5 | |||||||
Total | 160,142 | 100.0 | — | 42 | — | 21 | — | ||
Electorate/Turnout | ? | ? | |||||||
Source: Statistics Iceland, Nohlen & Stöver | |||||||||
Last election (1987) — Next election (1995) |
Following constitutional changes made in 1991, the Upper and Lower Houses of the Althing were abolished, and all members became part of a unicameral parliament. [2]
In government, unicameralism is the practice of having one legislative or parliamentary chamber. Thus, a unicameral parliament or unicameral legislature is a legislature which consists of one chamber or house.
Parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 23 April 1983. The Independence Party remained the largest party in the Lower House of the Althing, winning 15 of the 40 seats.
Parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 28 June 1953. The Independence Party remained the largest party in the Lower House of the Althing, winning 14 of the 35 seats.
Parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 24 June 1956. The Independence Party remained the largest party in the Lower House of the Althing, winning 13 of the 35 seats.
Parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 28 June 1959. The Independence Party and the Progressive Party both won 13 seats in the Lower House of the Althing. Following the tie, electoral reforms were introduced and early elections were held in October.
Early parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 25 and 26 October 1959. Following the electoral reforms made after the June elections, the Independence Party won 16 of the 40 seats in the Lower House of the Althing.
Parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 11 June 1967. The Independence Party remained the largest party in the Lower House of the Althing, winning 15 of the 40 seats.
Parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 13 June 1971. The Independence Party remained the largest party in the Lower House of the Althing, winning 15 of the 40 seats.
Parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 25 June 1978. The Independence Party remained the largest party in the Lower House of the Althing, winning 14 of the 40 seats. Following the election a coalition was formed between the People's Alliance, Social Democratic Party and the Progressive Party with Ólafur Jóhannesson as Prime Minister.
Parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 2 and 3 December 1979. The Independence Party remained the largest party in the Lower House of the Althing, winning 14 of the 40 seats.
Parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 25 April 1987. The Independence Party remained the largest party in the Lower House of the Althing, winning 12 of the 42 seats.
Parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 21 October 1916. Voters elected all 26 seats in the Lower House of the Althing and eight of the fourteen seats in Upper House, the other six having been elected in August. The Home Rule Party emerged as the largest party in the Lower House of the Althing, winning eight of the 26 seats.
Elections to the Upper House of the Althing were held in Iceland on 8 July 1922. Following reforms in 1915, the six seats in the Upper House appointed by the monarch were abolished, and replaced with six elected seats. The seats were elected by proportional representation at the national level, using the D'Hondt method. The remaining eight seats were elected along with the Lower House.
Elections to the Upper House of the Althing were held in Iceland on 1 July 1926. Six seats were elected by proportional representation at the national level, using the D'Hondt method. The remaining eight seats were elected along with the Lower House.
Parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 15 November 1919. Voters elected all 26 seats in the Lower House of the Althing and eight of the fourteen seats in Upper House. The Home Rule Party remained the largest party in the Lower House, winning 10 of the 26 seats.
Parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 9 July 1927. Voters elected all 28 seats in the Lower House of the Althing and eight of the fourteen seats in Upper House. The Progressive Party emerged as the largest party in the Lower House, winning 13 of the 28 seats.
Parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 12 June 1931. Voters elected all 28 seats in the Lower House of the Althing and eight of the fourteen seats in Upper House. The Progressive Party emerged as the largest party in the Lower House.
Parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 16 July 1933. Voters elected all 28 seats in the Lower House of the Althing and eight of the fourteen seats in Upper House. The Independence Party emerged as the largest party in the Lower House, winning 13 of the 28 seats.
Parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 24 June 1934. They were the first held after reforms to the electoral system that increased the number of seats in the Lower House from 28 to 33 and ensured that all members of the Althing were elected at the same election. The Independence Party emerged as the largest party in the Lower House, winning 14 of the 33 seats.
Parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 5 July 1942. Although the Independence Party won a plurality of votes, the Progressive Party remained as the largest party in the Lower House of the Althing, winning 14 of the 33 seats.
Early parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 18 and 19 October 1942. They were held after reforms were made to the electoral system following the July elections. The Independence Party emerged as the largest party in the Lower House of the Althing, winning 13 of the 35 seats.
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