| Iljumun | |
 The iljumun of Naesosa Temple, Buan County | |
| Korean name | |
|---|---|
| Hangul | 일주문 |
| Hanja | |
| Revised Romanization | Iljumun |
| McCune–Reischauer | Iljumun |
Iljumun is the first gate at the entrance to many Korean Buddhist temples. Called the "One-Pillar Gate",because when viewed from the side the gate appears to be supported by a single pillar.
The Iljumun is one of the three major types of gates constructed on the path that leads to the temple and often illustrates the formality of Buddhist architecture. [1] The other two are the Cheonwangmun (Gate of Guardians) and the Haetalmun (Gate of Deliverance). The construction of Iljumun is said to have originated from the tradition of placing four gates at the four cardinal points around the stupas of Sanchi in India since the 1st century BC. [2]
The Iljumun symbolizes the one true path of enlightenment which supports the world. [3] Physically,the gate serves to demarcate the temple from the outside. [4] It is the boundary between the Buddhist temple and a human's worldly life. [3] The gate symbolizes purification and one must leave all of their worldly desires before entering the temple. [3]
The oneness is also a metaphor for non-duality (unity) in spirit and heart. [5]
An image of an Iljumun appears on the obverse of the Korean Service Medal.
A torii is a traditional Japanese gate most commonly found at the entrance of or within a Shinto shrine,where it symbolically marks the transition from the mundane to the sacred and a spot where kami are welcomed and thought to travel through.
A torana is a free-standing ornamental or arched gateway for ceremonial purposes in Hindu,Buddhist and Jain architecture of the Indian subcontinent. Toranas can also be widely seen in Southeast Asia and parts of East Asia. Chinese Shanmen gateways,Japanese torii gateways,Korean Iljumun and Hongsalmun gateways,Vietnamese Tam quan gateways,and Thai Sao Ching Cha were derived from the Indian torana. They are also referred to as vandanamalikas.
Sanchi is a Buddhist complex,famous for its Great Stupa,on a hilltop at Sanchi Town in Raisen District of the State of Madhya Pradesh,India. It is located,about 23 kilometers from Raisen town,district headquarter and 46 kilometres (29 mi) north-east of Bhopal,capital of Madhya Pradesh.
In Buddhism,a stupa is a mound-like or hemispherical structure containing relics that is used as a place of meditation.
Buddhist temples are an important part of the Korean landscape. Most Korean temples have names ending in -sa,which means "monastery" in Sino-Korean. Many temples participate in the Templestay program,where visitors can experience Buddhist culture and even stay at the temple overnight.
Buddhist symbolism is the use of symbols to represent certain aspects of the Buddha's Dharma (teaching). Early Buddhist symbols which remain important today include the Dharma wheel,the Indian lotus,the three jewels and the Bodhi tree.
Tongdosa is a head temple of the Jogye Order of Korean Buddhism and in the southern part of Mt. Chiseosan near Yangsan,South Gyeongsang Province,South Korea.
A paifang,also known as a pailou,is a traditional style of Chinese architecture,often used in arch or gateway structures.
Korean architecture refers to an architectural style that developed over centuries in Korea. Throughout the history of Korea,various kingdoms and royal dynasties have developed a unique style of architecture with influences from Buddhism and Korean Confucianism.
A chaitya,chaitya hall,chaitya-griha,refers to a shrine,sanctuary,temple or prayer hall in Indian religions. The term is most common in Buddhism,where it refers to a space with a stupa and a rounded apse at the end opposite the entrance,and a high roof with a rounded profile. Strictly speaking,the chaitya is the stupa itself,and the Indian buildings are chaitya halls,but this distinction is often not observed. Outside India,the term is used by Buddhists for local styles of small stupa-like monuments in Nepal,Cambodia,Indonesia and elsewhere. In Thailand a stupa,not a stupa hall,is called a chedi. In the historical texts of Jainism and Hinduism,including those relating to architecture,chaitya refers to a temple,sanctuary or any sacred monument.
The Giant Swing is a religious structure in Sao Chingcha Subdistrict,Phra Nakhon District,Bangkok,Thailand. Located in front of Wat Suthat,it was formerly used in an old Brahmin ceremony,and is one of Bangkok's tourist attractions.
The dharmachakra or wheel of dharma is a widespread symbol used in Indian religions,including Hinduism,Jainism,and Buddhism.
Beomeosa is one of the head temples of the Jogye Order of Korean Buddhism in Cheongnyeongnopo-dong,Geumjeong District,Busan,South Korea. Built on the slopes of the mountain Geumjeongsan,it is one of the country's best known temples.
Jogyesa is the chief temple of the Jogye Order of Korean Buddhism. The building dates back to the late 14th century and became the order's chief temple in 1936. It thus plays a leading role in the current state of Seon Buddhism in South Korea. The temple was first established in 1395,at the dawn of the Joseon Dynasty;the modern temple was founded in 1910 and initially called "Gakhwangsa". The name was changed to "Taegosa" during the period of Japanese rule,and then to the present name in 1954.
In architecture,a hongsalmun is a gate for entering a sacred place in Korea. Hongsalmun,also called hongjeonmun or hongmun,are usually erected to indicate Korean Confucian sites,such as shrines,tombs,and academies such as hyanggyo and seowon. The gate indicates entry to a sacred realm.
The Lion Capital of Ashoka is the capital,or head,of a column erected by the Mauryan emperor Ashoka in Sarnath,India,c. 250 BCE. Its crowning features are four life-sized lions set back to back on a drum-shaped abacus. The side of the abacus is adorned with wheels in relief,and interspersing them,four animals,a lion,an elephant,a bull,and a galloping horse follow each other from right to left. A bell-shaped lotus forms the lowest member of the capital,and the whole 2.1 metres (7 ft) tall,carved out of a single block of sandstone and highly polished,was secured to its monolithic column by a metal dowel. Erected after Ashoka's conversion to Buddhism,it commemorated the site of Gautama Buddha's first sermon some two centuries before.
Kushinagar is a town in the Kushinagar district in Uttar Pradesh,India. Located 53 kilometres east of Gorakhpur on National Highway 27,Kushinagar is an important and popular Buddhist pilgrimage site,where Buddhists believe Gautama Buddha attained parinirvana.
Seonam Temple,or Seonamsa,is a Korean Buddhist temple on the eastern slope at the west end of Jogyesan Provincial Park,within the northern Seungjumyeon District of the city of Suncheon,South Jeolla Province,South Korea. It belongs to the Taego Order although the Jogye Order claims possession over it.
Kamal Basadi is a Jain temple located inside Belgaum Fort in city of Belgaum,Karnataka.
A Tam quan or Tam môn is a style of traditional gateway symbolic of Vietnamese Buddhism. It has three aisles. Not only are they applied in Buddhist works,they are also commonly applied to other religious works such as Confucianism,Taoism,Vietnamese folk religion and Christianity. They are also applied to non-religious modern buildings such as schools and People's committee buildings.
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