Differential psychology studies the ways in which individuals differ in their behavior and the processes that underlie it. It is a discipline that develops classifications (taxonomies) of psychological individual differences. This is distinguished from other aspects of psychology in that,although psychology is ostensibly a study of individuals,modern psychologists often study groups,or attempt to discover general psychological processes that apply to all individuals. This particular area of psychology was first named and still retains the name of "differential psychology" by William Stern in his 1900 book "Über Psychologie der individuellen Differenzen".
Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior. Its subject matter includes the behavior of humans and nonhumans,both conscious and unconscious phenomena,and mental processes such as thoughts,feelings,and motives. Psychology is an academic discipline of immense scope,crossing the boundaries between the natural and social sciences. Biological psychologists seek an understanding of the emergent properties of brains,linking the discipline to neuroscience. As social scientists,psychologists aim to understand the behavior of individuals and groups.
Psychology is an academic and applied discipline involving the scientific study of human mental functions and behavior. Occasionally,in addition or opposition to employing the scientific method,it also relies on symbolic interpretation and critical analysis,although these traditions have tended to be less pronounced than in other social sciences,such as sociology. Psychologists study phenomena such as perception,cognition,emotion,personality,behavior,and interpersonal relationships. Some,especially depth psychologists,also study the unconscious mind.
Thanatology is the scientific study of death and the losses brought about as a result. It investigates the mechanisms and forensic aspects of death,such as bodily changes that accompany death and the postmortem period,as well as wider psychological and social aspects related to death. It is primarily an interdisciplinary study offered as a course of study at numerous colleges and universities.
Angelo Scola is an Italian Cardinal of the Catholic Church,philosopher and theologian. He was Archbishop of Milan from 2011 to 2017. He served as Patriarch of Venice from 2002 to 2011. He has been a cardinal since 2003 and a bishop since 1991.
Emanuele Severino was an Italian philosopher.
Luigi Zoja is an Italian psychoanalyst and writer. He took a degree in economics and did research in sociology during the late 1960s. Soon thereafter he studied at the C. G. Jung Institute in Zurich. After taking his diploma,Zoja returned to Zurich to work at a clinic for several years. He maintains a private practice in Milan. He also practiced for two years in New York City,during a period that bracketed the terrorist attacks on New York and Washington,D. C. He has taught regularly at the Zurich Jung Institute,and also on occasion at the Universities of Palermo and Insubria. From 1984 to 1993,Zoja was president of CIPA,and from 1998 to 2001 was president of the IAAP. Later he chaired the IAAP's International Ethics Committee. His essays and books have appeared in 14 languages.
Social therapy is an activity-theoretic practice developed outside of academia at the East Side Institute for Group and Short Term Psychotherapy in New York. Its primary methodologists are cofounders of the East Side Institute,Fred Newman and Lois Holzman. In evolution since the late 1970s,the social therapeutic approach to human development and learning is informed by a variety of intellectual traditions especially the works of Karl Marx,Lev Vygotsky and Ludwig Wittgenstein.
Mary McCanney Gergen was an American social psychologist specializing in feminist studies women's studies and social constructionism. She is known for her contributions to the field of feminist studies,organization development,and social process.
Valerie Constance Yule was an Australian researcher in literacy and imagination,and a clinical child psychologist,academic,school psychologist and teacher. She worked in disadvantaged schools,Melbourne and Monash Universities in psychology and education;the Royal Children's Hospital,Melbourne and the Royal Aberdeen Children's Hospital;and hon. research fellow (Psycholog]) at Aberdeen University.
Leta Stetter Hollingworth was an American psychologist,educator,and feminist. She made contributions in psychology of women,clinical psychology,and educational psychology. She is best known for her work with gifted children.
Franco Fornari was an Italian psychiatrist,who was influenced by Melanie Klein and Wilfred Bion. He was a professor at the University of Milan and the University of Trento. From 1973 to 1978 he served as president of the SocietàPsicoanalitica Italiana.
Jennifer Joy Freyd is an American psychologist,researcher,author,educator,and speaker. Freyd is an extensively published scholar who is best known for her theories of betrayal trauma,DARVO,institutional betrayal,and institutional courage.
Guglielmo Gulotta has been a full professor at the University of Turin,Department of Psychology. He continues his career in law as a criminal barrister of the Milan Court,and his law activity takes him all around Italy. He is a psychologist and a psychotherapist.
Sante De Sanctis was an Italian physician,psychologist,and psychiatrist. He is considered one of the founders of the Italian psychology and pediatric psychiatry.
Feminist psychology is a form of psychology centered on social structures and gender. Feminist psychology critiques historical psychological research as done from a male perspective with the view that males are the norm. Feminist psychology is oriented on the values and principles of feminism.
Florence Harriet Levin Denmark is an American psychologist and a past president of the American Psychological Association (APA) (1980-1981). She is a pioneering female psychologist who has influenced the psychological sciences through her scholarly and academic accomplishments in both psychology and feminist movements. She has contributed to psychology in several ways,specifically in the field of psychology of women and human rights,both nationally and internationally.
Giulio Flaminio Brunelli was a physician,biologist,and a supporter of the humanistic clinical approach.
Donata Francescato is an Italian community psychologist and academic,trained in the United States,and known in academia and the media for her work on sex roles,communes,and personal and organizational empowerment. Her work in community psychology led to the discipline being recognized in 1985 as a compulsory subject in Italian universities where psychology is taught as a major subject.
Silvia Sara Canetto is a psychologist known for her research in diversity issues related to suicidal behaviors,aging,and end of life. She is a professor of applied social health psychology,and counseling psychology at Colorado State University (CSU).
