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The International Science Olympiads are a group of worldwide annual competitions in various areas of the formal sciences, natural sciences, and social sciences. The competitions are designed for the 4-6 best high school students from each participating country selected through internal National Science Olympiads, with the exception of the IOL, which allows two teams per country, the IOI, which allows two teams from the hosting country, and the IJSO, which is designed for junior secondary students and also allows two teams from the hosting country. Early editions of the first Olympiads were limited to the Eastern Bloc, but later they gradually spread to other countries. [1]
The Olympiads themselves are separate competitions each with its own organizing body, even though they are loosely grouped together as "ISOs". The aims of each ISO are to promote a career in science; to challenge the brightest students from around the world; and to compare the various teaching systems of each country. Although the competitions are aimed for secondary school pupils, the standards of the exams are extremely high.[ citation needed ]
Science Olympiads are international student competitions. There are 12 commonly recognized International Science Olympiads:
# | Science | Symbol | Year | Host Country (For 2024) | Host Country (For 2025) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | International Mathematical Olympiad | IMO | since 1959 | ![]() | ![]() |
2 | International Physics Olympiad | IPhO | since 1967 | ![]() | ![]() |
3 | International Chemistry Olympiad | IChO | since 1968 | ![]() | ![]() |
4 | International Olympiad in Informatics | IOI | since 1989 | ![]() | ![]() |
5 | International Biology Olympiad | IBO | since 1990 | ![]() | ![]() |
6 | International Philosophy Olympiad | IPO | since 1993 | ![]() | ![]() |
7 | International Astronomy Olympiad | IAO | since 1996 | ||
8 | International Geography Olympiad | iGeo | since 1996 | ![]() | ![]() |
9 | International Linguistics Olympiad | IOL | since 2003 | ![]() | ![]() |
10 | International Junior Science Olympiad | IJSO | since 2004 | ![]() | ![]() |
11 | International Earth Science Olympiad | IESO | since 2007 | ![]() | |
12 | International Olympiad on Astronomy and Astrophysics | IOAA | since 2007 | ![]() | ![]() |
The International Olympiad in Informatics (IOI) is an annual competitive programming competition and one of the International Science Olympiads for secondary school students. The first IOI was held in 1989 in Pravetz, Bulgaria.
The International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO) is a mathematical olympiad for pre-university students, and is the oldest of the International Science Olympiads. It is widely regarded as the most prestigious mathematical competition in the world. The first IMO was held in Romania in 1959. It has since been held annually, except in 1980. More than 100 countries participate. Each country sends a team of up to six students, plus one team leader, one deputy leader, and observers.
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This article describes the selection process, by country, for entrance into the International Mathematical Olympiad.
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