The International Linguistics Olympiad (IOL) is one of the International Science Olympiads for secondary school students. Its abbreviation IOL is deliberately chosen not to correspond to the name of the organization in any particular language, and member organizations are free to choose for themselves how to designate the competition in their own language. [1] This olympiad furthers the fields of mathematical, theoretical, and descriptive linguistics.
The setup differs from most of the other Science Olympiads, in that the olympiad contains both individual and team contests. The individual contest consists of 5 problems, covering the main fields of theoretical, mathematical and applied linguistics – phonetics, morphology, semantics, syntax, sociolinguistics, etc. – which must be solved in six hours.
The team contest has consisted of one extremely difficult and time-consuming problem since the 2nd IOL. Teams, which generally consist of four students, are given three to four hours to solve this problem.
Like nearly all International Science Olympiads, its problems are translated and completed in several languages and as such must be written free of any native language constraints. However, unlike other olympiads, the translations are provided by the multilingual Problem Committee, a body of experts independent of the delegates' team leaders. Because competitors could gain some advantage if they are familiar with one or more of the language groups which are the subject of some of the assignments, problems are increasingly based on some of the world's lesser known languages. Fortunately, with more than 6,000 languages spoken world-wide (not including so-called dead languages) there are plenty to choose from. The committee has a policy of not using artificial [ contradictory ] or fictional languages for its problems. The presence of an independent Problem Committee and Jury means that team leaders do not have to be experts in the field (though most are): they can (and often do) work closely with their teams, providing last-minute coaching throughout the week of the competition.
In any case, the most helpful ability is analytic and deductive thinking, as all solutions must include clear reasoning and justification.
The concept of self-sufficient linguistics problems was formulated in the 1960s, in the intellectual environment of the recently-founded Department of Theoretical and Applied Linguistics (OTiPL) of the Moscow State University. [2] Moscow linguists in this environment were specially interested in understanding and modelling the formal and mathematical aspects of the natural languages; they were hatching things like the meaning-text theory, the Moscow School of Comparative Linguistics and the beginnings of what later became computational linguistics. [3]
In 1963, Andrey Zaliznyak published a book called Linguistics problems (Лингвистические задачи), explaining in the introduction:
Specially crafted problems can serve as an important tool for teaching the fundamental principles and methods of linguistics. In existing collections, the material used for problems is often drawn from the facts of students' native language or the most well-known European languages. While such tasks are undoubtedly beneficial, they often suffer from the disadvantage that it is challenging to separate the linguistic task itself (which requires nothing but understanding the basic linguistic principles) from testing specific knowledge of the language under consideration. The best (though not the only) way to get rid of that second element, which doesn't directly relate to general linguistics, is to create tasks based on material from languages unfamiliar to the students. Of course, it is more challenging to craft such problems, since all the essential specific facts necessary for solving the task must somehow be presented in the problem data. However, in this case, students only need an understanding of the properties of language in general. [4]
Following the publication, the then student Alfred Zhurinsky proposed to the mathematics professor Vladimir Uspensky the creation of a high-school olympiad using such problems.
Thus, in 1965, the first edition of the Moscow's Traditional Olympiad on Linguistics and Mathematics was held, with an Organizing Committee composed by Uspensky (president), Igor Miloslavsky, [5] Alexander Kibrik and Anna Polivanova . The Problem Committee consisted of Zhurinsky (the author of most of the problems) and Zaliznyak, plus Boris Gorodetsky [6] (president), Alexandra Raskina [7] and Victor Raskin. [8] [9] The Moscow Olympiad was held regularly until 1982 and resumed again in 1988, being still held nowadays. [10]
In the next decades, olympiads using the format of self-sufficient linguistics problems started to appear in different regions:
After the foundation of the Bulgarian olympiad, teams of winners of the Moscow Linguistic Olympiad successfully competed in Bulgaria and vice versa, demonstrating good potential for international cooperation in the field. With the multiplication of initiatives, the organizers of the different olympiads decided to organize, in 2003, the First International Olympiad in Theoretical, Mathematical, and Applied Linguistics, with six participating countries:
The first edition of IOL then was realized from September 6 to 12, 2003, in the mountain resort Borovetz, Bulgaria, chaired by Alexander Kibrik from Moscow State University (MSU) and with the participation of six countries: Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Latvia, Netherlands, and Russia. [12] The first International Jury was composed of four people: Ivan Derzhanski (president) (Institute for Mathematics and Informatics of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences), Alexander Berdichevsky (MSU), Boris Iomdin (Russian Language Institute) and Elena Muravenko (Department for Russian Language, Russian State University for the Humanities). [10] The five problems at the individual contest concerned Jacob Linzbach's "Transcendental algebra" writing system, Egyptian Arabic (Afroasiatic), Basque (Isolate), Adyghe (Northwest Caucasian), and French (Indo-European). The team contest consisted of three problems, on Tocharian (Indo-European), the use of subscripts as indices, and on performative verbs.
IOL 2 was held from August 2 to 6, 2004, in the Russian State University for the Humanities (RSUH), in Moscow, Russia. [13] [14] Chaired by Vladimir Alpatov, it gathered seven countries, with the first participation of Poland and Serbia and Montenegro. The Problem Committee was chaired by Elena Muravenko; in addition to Berdichevsky, Derzhanski, and Iomdin, it also included Ksenia Gilyarova and Maria Rubinstein. The five problems at the individual contest were in Kayapo, Latin, English, Lakhota and Chuvash. The team problem was in Armenian.
IOL 3 was held from August 8 to 12, 2005, in Leiden, Netherlands. [15] Organized by a Local Committee composed by Alexander Lubotsky, Michiel de Vaan, Alwin Kloekhorst, Jesca Zweijtzer and Saskia Tiethoff, it had the participation of 13 teams from 9 countries, Finland and Romania for their first time. The Problem Committee was chaired by Ksenia Gilyarova. The five problems at the individual contest were in Tzotzil, Lango, Mansi, Yoruba and Lithuanian. The team problem was in Figuig.
IOL 4 was held from August 1 to 6, 2006, at the University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia. [16] Chaired by Renate Pajusalu, it received also 13 teams from 9 countries, with Lithuania sending a team for the first time. The Problem Committee was chaired by Alexander Berdichevsky. The five problems at the individual contest were in Lakhota (Siouan) syntax, Catalan (Romanic) plural forms, Khmer (Austroasiatic) script, Udihe (Tungusic) possessives and Ngoni (Bantu) syntax. The team problem was in American Sign Language.
IOL 5 was held from July 31 to August 4, 2007, at the Hotel Gelios, Saint Petersburg, Russia. [17] Chaired by Stanislav Gurevich, it received 15 teams from 9 countries; Spain, Sweden and USA came for the first time. In that year, it was decided that each country can send one or two teams, consisting of four students each, with the first team's costs fully covered by the host country. Also, the host country could send a third team. [17] The Problem Committee was chaired by Dmitry Gerasimov. The five problems at the individual contest were in Braille, Movima (Isolate), Georgian (Kartvelian), Ndom (Trans-New Guinea), and correspondences between Turkish and Tatar (Turkic). The team problem was in Hawaiian (Polynesian) and focused on genealogical terms.
IOL 6 was held from August 4 to 9, 2008, at the Sunny Beach Resort, Sunny Beach, Bulgaria. [18] Chaired by Iliana Raeva, it gathered 16 teams from 11 countries, including the first time for Germany, Slovenia and South Korea. The Problem Committee was chaired by Ivan Derzhanski. The five individual problems were in Micmac (Algonquian), Old Norse (North Germanic) poetry (specifically, drottkvætt), Drehu and Cemuhî correspondences (Oceanic), Copainalá Zoque (Mixe-Zoquean), and Inuktitut (Eskimo-Aleut). The team problem was about correspondences between Mandarin and Cantonese (Sinitic) using the fanqie system.
IOL 7 was held from July 26 to 31, 2009, at the University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland. [19] Chaired by Michał Śliwiński, it received 23 teams from 17 countries, with Australia, United Kingdom, India and Ireland sending teams for the first time. The Problem Committee was chaired by Todor Tchervenkov (University of Lyon, France). The subject matter of the five individual problems covered: numerals in the Sulka language (Isolate), Maninka and Bamana (Mande) languages in the N'Ko and Latin scripts, traditional Burmese (Sino-Tibetan) names and their relation with dates of birth, stress position in Old Indic (Indo-Aryan) and the relation between grammar and morphology in classical Nahuatl (Uto-Aztecan). The team problem was in Vietnamese (Austroasiatic).
IOL 8 was held from July 19 to 24, 2010, at Östra Real Hostel, Stockholm, Sweden. [20] Chaired by Hedvig Skigård, it received 26 teams from 18 countries, including first time for Norway and Singapore. The Problem Committee was chaired by Alexander Piperski. The individual contest consisted of five problems covering: relations between various verb forms in Budukh (Northeast Caucasian), the Drehu (Oceanic) counting system, Blissymbolics, mRNA coding, and the connection between Sursilvan and Engadine dialects in Romansh (Western Romance). The team problem involved translating extracts from a monolingual Mongolian (Mongolic) dictionary.
IOL 9 was held from July 25 to 30, 2011, at the Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA [21] - the first time outside of Europe. Chaired by Lori Levin, it received 27 teams from 19 countries, including Brazil, Canada, United Arab Emirates and Vietnam for the first time. The Problem Committee was chaired by Adam Hesterberg. The problems of the individual contest required reasoning about Faroese (Germanic) orthography, Menominee (Algic) morphology, Vai (Mande) syntax, Nahuatl (Uto-Aztecan) semantics and the structure of the barcode language EAN-13. The team contest involved the rules and structure of Sanskrit (Indo-Aryan) poetry.
IOL 10 was held from July 29 to August 4, 2012, at the University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [22] Chaired by Mirko Vaupotic, it received 34 teams from 26 countries, first time for China, Greece, Hungary, Israel and Japan. The Problem Committee was chaired by Ivan Derzhanski. The five problems at the individual contest were in Dyirbal (Pama-Nyungan) syntax, Umbu-Ungu (Trans-New Guinea) numbers, Basque (Isolate) pronouns, Teop (Austronesian) syntax, and Rotuman (Austronesian) semantics. The team problem involved recognizing country names in Lao language (Tai-Kadai).
IOL 11 was held from July 22 to 26, 2013, at the Manchester Grammar School, Manchester, UK. [23] Chaired by Neil Sheldon, it received 35 teams from 26 countries, including first time teams from Isle of Man, Taiwan and Turkey. The Problem Committee was chaired by Stanislav Gurevich. The five problems at the individual contest were about Yidiny (Pama-Nyungan) morphology, Tundra Yukaghir (Yukhagir) semantics, Pirahã (Mura) phonology, Muna (Austronesian) syntax, and telepathy based on English. The team problem involved translating Martin Seymour-Smith's list of the 100 most influential books from Georgian (Kartvelian) written in the 9th century Nuskhuri script.
IOL 12 was held from July 21 to 25, 2014, at the Beijing Language and Culture University, Beijing, China – for the first time on the Asian continent. [24] Chaired by Jiang Yuqin, it received 39 teams from 28 countries, with Pakistan and Ukraine sending teams for the first time. The Problem Committee was chaired by Tae Hun Lee. The five problems at the individual contest were about Benabena (Trans-New Guinea) morphology, Kiowa (Tanoan) morphophonology, Tangut (Tibeto-Burman) kinship, Engenni (Niger-Congo) syntax, and Gbaya (Niger-Congo). The team problem involved matching the articles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights to their translations in Armenian (Indo-European).
IOL 13 was held from July 20 to 24, 2015, at the American University in Bulgaria, Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria. [25] Chaired by Aleksandar Velinov, it received 43 teams from 29 countries, with Bangladesh, France and Kazakhstan sending teams for the first time. The Problem Committee was chaired by Bozhidar Bozhanov. The five problems at the individual contest were about Nahuatl (Uto-Aztecan) and Arammba (South-Central Papuan) numbers, morphology in the Besleney dialect of Kabardian (Abkhaz-Adyghe), Soundex, Wambaya (West Barkly) syntax and the rules of Somali (Afroasiatic) poetry. The team problem involved using extracts from a monolingual Northern Sotho (Bantu) dictionary to build a grammar and lexicon of the language.
IOL 14 was held from July 25 to 29, 2016, at the Infosys Development Center in Mysore, India. [26] Chaired by Dr. Monojit Choudhury and Dr. Girish Nath Jha, it received 44 teams from 31 countries, with Nepal and Sri Lanka sending teams for the first time. The Problem Committee was chaired by Boris Iomdin. The five problems at the individual contest were about spatial deictics in Aralle-Tabulahan (Austronesian), Luwian hieroglyphic script (Indo-European), Kunuz Nubian (Eastern Sudanic) morphosyntax, Iatmül (Sepik) semantics and Jaqaru (Aymaran) morphology. The team problem involved matching over 100 utterances in Taa (Tuu) to their IPA transcriptions.
IOL 15 was held from July 31 to August 4, 2017, at Dublin City University in Dublin, Ireland. [1] Chaired by Dr. Cara Greene, it received 43 teams from 27 countries, with Canada sending a Francophone team for the first time. The Problem Committee was chaired by Hugh Dobbs. The five problems at the individual content were about Berom (Plateau) numbers, Abui (Timor-Alor-Pantar) possessives and semantics, Kimbundu (Bantu) morphosyntax, Jru' (Austroasiatic) written in the Khom script and Madak (Meso-Melanesian) morphophonology. The team problem involved establishing correspondences between 87 emojis and their descriptions in Indonesian (Austronesian).
IOL 16 was held from July 26 to 30, 2018, at the Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Czech Republic. [27] Chaired by Vojtěch Diatka, it received 49 teams from 29 countries, with Malaysia and Denmark competing for the first time. [28] The Problem Committee was chaired by Maria Rubinstein. The five problems at the individual contest concerned Creek (Muskogean) stress, Hakhun (Sal) morphosyntax, Terêna (Arawakan) phonology, counting in Mountain Arapesh (Torricelli) and kinship in Akan (Atlantic-Congo). The team problem examined phonological correspondences among the three Jê languages Mẽbêngôkre, Xavante and Krĩkatí.
IOL 17 was held from July 29 to August 2, 2019 at the Hankuk University of Foreign Studies in Yongin, South Korea. [29] Chaired by Minkyu Kim and Yoojung Chae, it received 53 teams from 35 countries, with Hong Kong, Uzbekistan and Colombia competing for the first time. [30] This year was also the first edition of the Asia Pacific Linguistics Olympiad (APLO). [31] The Problem Committee was chaired by Tae Hun Lee. The five problems at the individual contest concerned Yonggom (Ok) morphosyntax, Yurok (Algic) colours, Middle Persian (Iranian) written in Book Pahlavi script, West Tarangan (Aru) reduplication and Nooni (Beboid) morphosyntax and day names. The team problem involved the symbol notation used by judges in rhythmic gymnastics.
IOL 18 was scheduled to take place from July 20 to 24, 2020, in Ventspils, Latvia. Due to the widespread COVID-19 pandemic, the International Board of the IOL decided to postpone the event to July 19 to 23, 2021, on which it was successfully held. The competition was held remotely in the respective countries of each team, the first and so far only time that this mode of competition was adopted at the IOL. [32] Chaired by Vladimir Litvinsky, it received 54 teams from 34 countries, with Azerbaijan competing for the first time. The Problem Committee was chaired by Aleksejs Peguševs . The five problems at the individual contest concerned Ekari (Paniai Lakes) numerals, Zuni (Isolate) semantics with special focus on food, Kilivila (Oceanic) morphosyntax, Agbirigba (a cant language) and its derivation from the Ogbakiri dialect of Ikwerre (Atlantic-Congo), and Rikbaktsa (Macro-Jê) morphology. The team problem involved matching sentences in passages written in Garifuna (Arawakan) with its translations, as well as acknowledging the difference between the language's male and female registers and establishing their relationships with Kari'ña (Cariban) and Lokono (Arawakan), respectively.
IOL 19 was held from July 25 to 29, 2022 at King William's College in Castletown, Isle of Man. [33] Chaired by Rob Teare, it received 46 teams from 32 countries, with Moldova, Switzerland and Thailand competing for the first time. The Problem Committee was chaired by Samuel Ahmed. The five problems at the individual contest concerned Ubykh (Abkhaz-Adyghe) morphophonology, the semantics and morphophonology of Alabama (Muskogean) verbs, Nǀuuki (Tuu) syntax, Arabana (Pama-Nyungan) kinship, and phonological changes and tonogenesis in two daughter languages of Proto-Chamic, Phan Rang Cham and Tsat. The team problem presented extracts in 17th and 18th century Manchu (Tungusic) from Cheong-eo Nogeoldae and the Kangxi Emperor's Imperially Commissioned Mirror of the Manchu Language for analysis, with tasks involving matching sentences in Old and Modern Manchu to their respective translations as well as writing in the Manchu script.
IOL 20 was held from July 24 to July 28, 2023 in Bansko, Bulgaria [34] , for the fourth time in this country. Chaired by Aleks Velinov, it received 51 teams from 37 countries, with Philippines competing for the first time. The Problem Committee was chaired by Milena Veneva. The five problems at the individual contest concerned Guazacapán Xinka (a language of Guatemala with now no living native speakers), Apurinã (Arawak) morphosyntax, Coastal Marind (Papuan) morphosyntax, Plains Cree (Algonquian) verb morphology and the numbering system of Supyire spoken in Mali. The team problem presented extracts from Chester S. Street's dictionary of Murrin-patha, an Australian Aboriginal language spoken by over 2,000 people in the Northern Territory.
IOL 21 is to be held from July 22 to July 31, 2024 at the Universidade de Brasília, Brazil, for the first time in the Southern hemisphere. Chaired by Bruno L'Astorina, it is due to receive teams from 41 countries, with Iran, Malta and Portugal competing for the first time. The Problem Committee is chaired by Andrey Nikulin.
The different editions of IOL can be summarized on the following table:
No. | Year | Location | Country | Dates | Countries | Participants | Webpage | Problems | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2003 | Borovets | ![]() | September 6 | September 12 | 6 | 33 | Link | Link |
2 | 2004 | Moscow | ![]() | July 31 | August 2 | 7 | 43 | Link | Link |
3 | 2005 | Leiden | ![]() | August 8 | August 12 | 9 | 50 | Link | Link |
4 | 2006 | Tartu | ![]() | August 1 | August 6 | 9 | 51 | Link | Link |
5 | 2007 | Saint Petersburg | ![]() | July 31 | August 4 | 9 | 61 | Link | Link |
6 | 2008 | Slantchev Bryag | ![]() | August 4 | August 9 | 11 | 63 | Link Archived March 25, 2012, at the Wayback Machine | Link |
7 | 2009 | Wrocław | ![]() | July 26 | July 31 | 17 | 86 | Link | Link |
8 | 2010 | Stockholm | ![]() | July 19 | July 24 | 18 | 99 | Link | Link |
9 | 2011 | Pittsburgh | ![]() | July 24 | July 30 | 19 | 102 | Link Archived June 30, 2013, at the Wayback Machine | Link |
10 | 2012 | Ljubljana | ![]() | July 29 | August 4 | 26 | 131 | Link Archived June 30, 2013, at the Wayback Machine | Link |
11 | 2013 | Manchester | ![]() | July 22 | July 26 | 26 | 138 | Link Archived August 29, 2017, at the Wayback Machine | Link |
12 | 2014 | Beijing | ![]() | July 21 | July 25 | 28 | 152 | Link | Link |
13 | 2015 | Blagoevgrad | ![]() | July 20 | July 24 | 29 | 166 | Link Archived May 19, 2017, at the Wayback Machine | Link |
14 | 2016 | Mysore | ![]() | July 25 | July 29 | 31 [35] | 167 | Link | Link |
15 | 2017 | Dublin | ![]() | July 31 | August 4 | 29 | 180 | Link | Link |
16 | 2018 | Prague | ![]() | July 25 | July 31 | 29 | 192 | Link | Link |
17 | 2019 | Yongin | ![]() | July 29 | August 2 | 35 | 209 | Link | Link |
– | 2020 | Ventspils | ![]() | Cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic [32] | |||||
18 | 2021 | Ventspils | ![]() | July 19 | July 23 | 34 | 216 | Link [ permanent dead link ] | Link |
19 | 2022 | Castletown | ![]() | July 25 | July 29 | 32 | 185 | Link Archived October 6, 2022, at the Wayback Machine | Link |
20 | 2023 | Bansko | ![]() | July 24 | July 28 | 38 | 204 | Link | Link |
21 | 2024 | Brasília | ![]() | July 24 | July 30 | Link | |||
22 | 2025 | Taipei | ![]() |
Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2003 | Borovets, Bulgaria ![]() | Alexandra Petrova ![]() | Mirjam Plooij ![]() | Polina Oskolskaya ![]() | |
2004 | Moscow, Russia ![]() | Ivan Dobrev ![]() | Maria Mamykina ![]() | Alexandra Zabelina ![]() Xenia Kuzmina | |
2005 | Leiden, Netherlands ![]() | Ivan Dobrev ![]() | Eleonora Glazova ![]() | Nikita Medyankin ![]() | |
2006 | Tartu, Estonia ![]() | Maria Kholodilova ![]() | Yordan Mehandzhiyski ![]() Eleonora Glazova | Yuliya Taran ![]() | |
2007 | Saint Petersburg, Russia ![]() | Adam Hesterberg ![]() | Kira Kiranova ![]() Mihail Minkov | Anna Shlomina ![]() | |
2008 | Slanchev Bryag, Bulgaria ![]() | Alexander Daskalov ![]() | Anand Natarajan ![]() Maciej Janicki | Guy Tabachnick ![]() Joon Kyu Kang | |
2009 | Wrocław, Poland ![]() | Diana Sofronieva ![]() | Vitaly Pavlenko ![]() Andrey Nikulin | Deyana Kamburova ![]() Szymon Musioł | |
2010 | Stockholm, Sweden ![]() | Vadim Tukh ![]() | Martin Camacho ![]() Tian-Yi Damien Jiang | Mirjam Parve ![]() Miroslav Manolov | |
2011 | Pittsburgh, USA ![]() | Morris Alper ![]() | Wesley Jones ![]() Allen Yuan | Min Kyu Kim ![]() Elena Rykunova | |
2012 | Ljubljana, Slovenia ![]() | Anton Sokolov ![]() Alexander Wade | Darryl Wu ![]() Allan Sadun | Pedro Neves Lopes ![]() Erik Andersen | |
2013 | Manchester, UK ![]() | Alexander Wade ![]() Anton Sokolov | Omri Faraggi ![]() Yash Sinha | Nilai Sarda ![]() Vesko Milev | |
2014 | Beijing, China ![]() | Milo Andrea Mazurkiewicz ![]() Darryl Wu | Ada Melentieva ![]() Catherine Wu | Anindya Sharma ![]() Elena Chaparova | |
2015 | Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria ![]() | James Wedgwood ![]() Samuel Ahmed | Kevin M Li ![]() Ying Ming Poh | Bálint Ugrin ![]() Nilai Sarda | |
2016 | Mysore, India ![]() | Jaeyeong Yang ![]() James Wedgwood | Margarita Misirpashayeva ![]() Ioana Bouroș | Tsuyoshi Kobayashi ![]() Elena Shukshina | |
2017 | Dublin, Ireland ![]() | Samuel Ahmed ![]() Przemysław Podleśny | Andrew Tockman ![]() Takumi Yoshino | Ekaterina Voloshinova ![]() Emil Indzhev | |
2018 | Prague, Czech Republic ![]() | Przemysław Podleśny ![]() Liam McKnight | Jakub Petr ![]() Chih-Chun Wang | David Avellan-Hultman ![]() Vlada Petrusenko | |
2019 | Yongin, Republic of Korea ![]() | Ken Jiang ![]() Wesley Zhang | Diego Król ![]() João Henrique Fontes | Tatiana Romanova ![]() Kövér Blanka | |
2021 | Ventspils, Latvia ![]() | Roman Shabanov ![]() Daria Kryvosheieva | Aleksandra Limonova ![]() Tam Lok Hang | Lili Probojcsevity ![]() Shao-Chi Ou | |
2022 | Castletown, Isle of Man ![]() | Artem Borisov Jun Hyeong Yook | Tam Lok Hang ![]() Kunaal Chandrashekar | Anita Dalma Páhán ![]() Hyunsoo Park | |
2023 | Bansko, Bulgaria ![]() | Tam Lok Hang ![]() Ryusei Omiya | Elena Păvăloaia ![]() Panawat Tiacharoen | Eleanor Borrel ![]() Chung Chi-En |
Nbr | Year | Location | Team Gold | Team Silver | Team Bronze | Winning team in individual competition |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2003 | Borovets, Bulgaria | Netherlands ![]() | Russia-StPetersburg ![]() | Russia-Moscow ![]() | Netherlands ![]() |
2 | 2004 | Moskva, Russia | Russia-StPetersburg ![]() | Latvia ![]() | Bulgaria-1 ![]() | Bulgaria-1 ![]() |
3 | 2005 | Leiden, The Netherlands | Netherlands ![]() | Russia-Moscow ![]() | Russia-StPetersburg ![]() | Bulgaria-1 ![]() |
4 | 2006 | Tartu, Estonia | Bulgaria-2 ![]() | Netherlands ![]() | Poland-1 ![]() | Bulgaria-1 ![]() |
5 | 2007 | Sankt-Peterburg, Russia | USA-2 ![]() Moscow ![]() | Bulgaria-1 ![]() Bulgaria-2 ![]() | None awarded | Estonia ![]() |
6 | 2008 | Slantchev Bryag, Bulgaria | USA-2 ![]() Bulgaria-East ![]() | Netherlands ![]() USA-1 ![]() | None awarded | USA ![]() |
7 | 2009 | Wrocław, Poland | USA-Red ![]() | Korea-1 ![]() | Russia-Moscow ![]() | Russia-Moscow ![]() |
8 | 2010 | Stockholm, Sweden | Latvia ![]() | Russia-Moscow ![]() | Poland-2 ![]() | USA-Blue ![]() |
9 | 2011 | Pittsburgh, USA | USA-Red ![]() | Russia-StPetersburg ![]() | Russia-Moscow ![]() | USA-Red ![]() |
10 | 2012 | Ljubljana, Slovenia | USA-Blue ![]() | Netherlands ![]() | Poland-2 ![]() | Russia-StPetersburg ![]() |
11 | 2013 | Manchester, UK | USA-Red ![]() | Russia-StPetersburg ![]() | Bulgaria-1 ![]() Romania ![]() | USA-Red ![]() |
12 | 2014 | Beijing, China | USA-Red ![]() | Russia-StPetersburg ![]() | Russia-Moscow ![]() | USA-Red ![]() |
13 | 2015 | Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria | UK-West ![]() | USA-Red ![]() | Poland-White ![]() Netherlands ![]() | USA-Red ![]() |
14 | 2016 | Mysore, India | Sweden ![]() | Australia-1 ![]() | UK ![]() | USA-Red ![]() |
15 | 2017 | Dublin, Ireland | Taiwan-TaiTWO ![]() | Poland-Ą ![]() | Slovenia ![]() | UK-K ![]() |
16 | 2018 | Prague, Czech Republic | USA-Blue ![]() | USA-Red ![]() Bulgaria 1 ![]() | Brazil Pões ![]() UK-U ![]() Czechia Tým křivopřísežníků ![]() | USA-Blue ![]() |
17 | 2019 | Yongin, Republic of Korea | Slovenia ![]() | China KUN ![]() Russia Strelka ![]() | Poland Bóbr ![]() Russia Belka ![]() Malaysia A ![]() | USA Red ![]() |
18 | 2021 | Ventspils, Latvia | Ukraine і ![]() | USA Red ![]() | India Saffron ![]() Canada Moose ![]() | Hong Kong EAT ![]() |
19 | 2022 | Castletown, Isle of Man | Korea Mal ![]() | Taiwan Blue Magpie ![]() Japan Samurai ![]() | Japan Ninja ![]() USA Red ![]() UK K ![]() | USA Red ![]() |
20 | 2023 | Bansko, Bulgaria | United Kingdom ![]() | USA Red ![]() Canada Anglophone ![]() | Finland ![]() Hungary Uborka ![]() Poland Ę ![]() | Not awarded |
Only countries with at least 1 gold medal are listed. The list is accurate up to 2023. [36]
Rank | Country | Appearances | Participants | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total | Honorable Mentions |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ![]() | 20 | 162 | 22 | 25 | 36 | 83 | 29 |
2 | ![]() | 16 | 132 | 21 | 37 | 28 | 86 | 24 |
3 | ![]() | 18 | 156 | 17 | 30 | 39 | 86 | 24 |
4 | ![]() | 14 | 88 | 15 | 14 | 15 | 44 | 14 |
5 | ![]() | 19 | 145 | 8 | 22 | 18 | 48 | 34 |
6 | ![]() | 11 | 76 | 6 | 4 | 9 | 19 | 15 |
7 | ![]() | 14 | 120 | 5 | 6 | 17 | 28 | 24 |
8 | ![]() | 12 | 51 | 5 | 6 | 10 | 21 | 4 |
9 | ![]() | 14 | 84 | 4 | 8 | 17 | 29 | 13 |
10 | ![]() | 9 | 48 | 4 | 4 | 7 | 15 | 17 |
11 | ![]() | 10 | 59 | 3 | 6 | 10 | 19 | 11 |
12 | ![]() | 20 | 87 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 9 | 19 |
13 | no country | 2 | 8 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 8 | 0 |
14 | ![]() | 10 | 59 | 2 | 11 | 9 | 22 | 14 |
15 | ![]() | 20 | 91 | 2 | 7 | 20 | 29 | 19 |
16 | ![]() | 12 | 53 | 2 | 7 | 5 | 14 | 11 |
17 | ![]() | 4 | 20 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 9 | 0 |
18 | ![]() | 6 | 24 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 12 | 3 |
19 | ![]() | 10 | 76 | 1 | 9 | 15 | 25 | 18 |
20 | ![]() | 20 | 88 | 1 | 4 | 13 | 18 | 13 |
21 | ![]() | 14 | 85 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 10 | 10 |
22 | ![]() | 6 | 24 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 6 | 10 |
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The International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO) is a mathematical olympiad for pre-university students, and is the oldest of the International Science Olympiads. It is “the most prestigious” mathematical competition in the world. The first IMO was held in Romania in 1959. It has since been held annually, except in 1980. More than 100 countries participate. Each country sends a team of up to six students, plus one team leader, one deputy leader, and observers.
The International Physics Olympiad (IPhO) is an annual physics competition for high school students. It is one of the International Science Olympiads. The first IPhO was held in Warsaw, Poland in 1967.
The International Chemistry Olympiad (IChO) is an annual academic competition for high school students. It is one of the International Science Olympiads. The first IChO was held in Prague, Czechoslovakia, in 1968. The event has been held every year since then, with the exception of 1971. The delegations that attended the first events were mostly countries of the former Eastern bloc and it was not until 1980, the 12th annual International Chemistry Olympiad, that the event was held outside of the bloc in Austria. Up to 4 students for each national team compete around July in both a theoretical and an experimental sections, with about half of the participants being awarded medals.
Ray Jackendoff is an American linguist. He is professor of philosophy, Seth Merrin Chair in the Humanities and, with Daniel Dennett, co-director of the Center for Cognitive Studies at Tufts University. He has always straddled the boundary between generative linguistics and cognitive linguistics, committed to both the existence of an innate universal grammar and to giving an account of language that is consistent with the current understanding of the human mind and cognition.
The Linguistic Society of America (LSA) is a learned society for the field of linguistics. Founded in New York City in 1924, the LSA works to promote the scientific study of language. The society publishes three scholarly journals: Language, the open access journal Semantics and Pragmatics, and the open access journal Phonological Data & Analysis. Its annual meetings, held every winter, foster discussion amongst its members through the presentation of peer-reviewed research, as well as conducting official business of the society. Since 1928, the LSA has offered training to linguists through courses held at its biennial Linguistic Institutes held in the summer. The LSA and its 3,600 members work to raise awareness of linguistic issues with the public and contribute to policy debates on issues including bilingual education and the preservation of endangered languages.
Generative semantics was a research program in theoretical linguistics which held that syntactic structures are computed on the basis of meanings rather than the other way around. Generative semantics developed out of transformational generative grammar in the mid-1960s, but stood in opposition to it. The period in which the two research programs coexisted was marked by intense and often personal clashes now known as the linguistics wars. Its proponents included Haj Ross, Paul Postal, James McCawley, and George Lakoff, who dubbed themselves "The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse".
James Alan Matisoff is Professor Emeritus of Linguistics at the University of California, Berkeley. He is a noted authority on Tibeto-Burman languages and other languages of mainland Southeast Asia.
Baku Slavic University (BSU) is a public university located in Baku, Azerbaijan.
Yerevan Brusov State University of Languages and Social Sciences, is a public university in Yerevan, the capital of Armenia, operating since 1935. It is named after the Russian poet and historian Valery Bryusov since 1962.
Hagit Borer is a professor of linguistics at Queen Mary University of London. Her research falls within the area of Generative Grammar.
The North American Computational Linguistics Open competition (NACLO), formerly called the North American Computational Linguistics Olympiad before January 1, 2020, is a computational linguistics competition for high school students in the United States and Canada that has been held since 2007. For the 2021 Open competition, approximately 1300 to 1400 students competed. Since 2008 the contest has consisted of two rounds, the second being administered to the top scorers in the first round. The top-scoring students on the second round qualify for the International Linguistics Olympiad (IOL), one of the international science olympiads.
The European Girls' Mathematical Olympiad (EGMO) is a mathematical olympiad for girls which started in 2012, and is held in April each year. It was inspired by the China Girls Mathematical Olympiad (CGMO). Although the competition is held in Europe, it is open to female participants from all over the world, and is considered the most prestigious mathematics competition for girls. In recent years, participants from around 55 countries have been invited to the competition.
The 42nd Chess Olympiad, organised by the Fédération Internationale des Échecs (FIDE) and comprising an open and women's tournaments, as well as several events designed to promote the game of chess, was an international team chess event held in Baku, Azerbaijan, from 1 to 14 September 2016. It was the first time that the Chess Olympiad had been hosted in Azerbaijan, the birthplace of former world champion Garry Kasparov; however, Azerbaijan had previously hosted strong tournaments, including the annual Shamkir Chess super-tournament in memory of Vugar Gashimov (1986–2014) and the Chess World Cup 2015.
The United Kingdom Linguistics Olympiad (UKLO) is a linguistics competition for primary and secondary school students in the United Kingdom. The competition is divided into four levels: Breakthrough, Foundation, Intermediate and Advanced, collectively known as 'Round 1', with the top-scoring 5% of entrants at Advanced level eligible for a follow-on round, called 'Round 2' and selection for participation in the International Linguistics Olympiad, one of the international science olympiads. In 2009, teams from two schools competed in a pilot competition, with the winners taking part in the international contest as guests of the All-Ireland Linguistics Olympiad. In 2010, an independent olympiad was created and has taken place every year since.
The Australian Computational and Linguistics Olympiad is a linguistics and computational linguistics competition for high school students in Australia, and has been held annually since 2008. The competition aims to introduce students in Years 9-12 to language puzzles so they can develop problem-solving strategies and learn about the structures and diversity of the world's languages. The competition has grown each year, and now involves around 1500 students participating from schools around the country.
Alice Carmichael Harris is an American linguist. She is Professor emerita of Linguistics at the University of Massachusetts Amherst.
The Bulgarian National Olympiad in Linguistics is an olympiad for school students in Bulgaria, composed of three rounds: municipal, regional and national. The olympiad's present format has been used every year since 2003.
The 43rd Chess Olympiad, organised by the Fédération Internationale des Échecs (FIDE) and comprising open and women's tournaments, as well as several events designed to promote the game of chess, was an international team chess event held in Batumi, Georgia, from 23 September to 6 October 2018. This was the first Chess Olympiad to take place in Georgia with the Georgian Chess Federation also hosting the Chess World Cup 2017 in Tbilisi.
Marlyse Baptista is a linguist specializing in morphology, syntax, pidgin and creole languages, language contact, and language documentation. Until 2022, Baptista was the Uriel Weinreich Collegiate Professor of Linguistics at the University of Michigan, and now holds the position of President's Distinguished Professor of Linguistics in the Department of Linguistics at the University of Pennsylvania. She is also currently the President of the Linguistic Society of America.
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