Aru | |
---|---|
Geographic distribution | Indonesia (Aru Islands) |
Linguistic classification | Austronesian |
Language codes | |
Glottolog | aruu1241 |
The Aru languages are a group of a dozen Austronesian languages spoken on the Aru Islands in Indonesia. None are spoken by more than ten thousand people. Although geographically close to Central Maluku languages, they are not part of that group linguistically (Ross 1995).
The following classification of the Aru languages is from Glottolog 4.0 (2019), and is arranged according to Hughes (1987: 96) since the Aru languages form an interconnected linkage or dialect chain: [1] [2]
The Aru Islands Regency is a group of about 95 low-lying islands in the Maluku Islands of eastern Indonesia. It also forms a regency of Maluku Province, with a land area of 6,426.77 km2 (2,481.39 sq mi). At the 2011 Census the Regency had a population of 84,138; the 2020 Census produced a total of 102,237, and the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 108,834. Some sources regard the archipelago as part of Asia, while others regard it as part of Melanesia.
This is a list of different language classification proposals developed for the Indigenous languages of the Americas or Amerindian languages. The article is divided into North, Central, and South America sections; however, the classifications do not correspond to these divisions.
The Torricelli languages are a family of about fifty languages of the northern Papua New Guinea coast, spoken by about 80,000 people. They are named after the Torricelli Mountains. The most populous and best known Torricelli language is Arapesh, with about 30,000 speakers.
The Central Malayo-Polynesian languages (CMP) are a proposed branch in the Malayo-Polynesian subgroup of the Austronesian language family. The languages are spoken in the Lesser Sunda and Maluku Islands of the Banda Sea, in an area corresponding closely to the Indonesian provinces of East Nusa Tenggara and Maluku and the nation of East Timor, but with the Bima language extending to the eastern half of Sumbawa Island in the province of West Nusa Tenggara and the Sula languages of the Sula archipelago in the southwest corner of the province of North Maluku. The principal islands in this region are Sumbawa, Sumba, Flores, Timor, Buru, and Seram. The numerically most important languages are Bima, Manggarai of western Flores, Uab Meto of West Timor, and Tetum, the national language of East Timor.
The Malayic languages are a branch of the Malayo-Polynesian subgroup of the Austronesian language family. The two most prominent members of this branch are Indonesian and Malay. Indonesian is the official language of Indonesia and has evolved as a standardized form of Malay with distinct influences from local languages and historical factors. Malay, in its various forms, is recognized as a national language in Brunei, Malaysia, and Singapore. The Malayic branch also includes local languages spoken by ethnic Malays, further several languages spoken by various other ethnic groups of Sumatra, Indonesia and Borneo even as far as Urak Lawoi in the southwestern coast of Thailand.
Lola is an Austronesian language spoken on the Aru Islands of eastern Indonesia.
The long-nosed echymipera, or long-nosed spiny bandicoot, is a species of marsupial in the family Peramelidae. It is found in Australia, Indonesia, and Papua New Guinea. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests.
The Naga languages are a geographic and ethnic grouping of Tibeto-Burman, spoken mostly by Naga peoples.
The Jukunoid languages are a branch of the Benue-Congo languages spoken by the Jukun and related peoples of Nigeria and Cameroon. They are distributed mostly throughout Taraba State, Nigeria and surrounding regions.
Kei is an Austronesian language spoken in a small region of the Moluccas, a province of Indonesia.
Barakai is one of the Aru languages, spoken by inhabitants of the Aru Islands.
Manombai is one of the Aru languages, spoken by inhabitants of the Aru Islands, Indonesia.
Dobel, or Kobro’or, is one of the Aru languages, spoken by inhabitants of the Aru Islands Regency. It is close to Kola.
Kola is one of the Aru languages, spoken in the northernmost part of the Aru Islands, mainly on Kola Island and in the northern and western part of Wokam Island.
Tarangan is one of the Aru languages, spoken by inhabitants of the Aru Islands in eastern Indonesia. There are two varieties of Tarangan: East and West Tarangan. These varieties are divergent, perhaps no closer than they are to Manombai, also spoken in the Arus. West Tarangan is a trade language of the southern islands.
Batuley is a language spoken on the Aru Islands of eastern Indonesia. It is close to Mariri; Hughes (1987) estimates that around 80% of lexical items are shared. The language's name comes from the Gwatle island, which the Batuley consider their homeland.
Karey (Krei) is an Austronesian language spoken on the Aru Islands of eastern Indonesia.
Lorang is an Austronesian language of the Aru Islands in eastern Indonesia. It is spoken in one village on Koba Island.
Ujir is a language spoken on the Aru Islands of eastern Indonesia, spoken in the villages of Ujir and Samang in northwestern Aru. As of 2015, it is highly endangered, since it is only spoken by a small fraction of the population of the two villages.
Kola is an island in the Aru Islands in the Arafura Sea. It is situated in the Maluku Province, Indonesia. The other five main islands in the archipelago are Tanahbesar, Kobroor, Maikoor, Koba, and Trangan.