Inzauk Razawin

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Inzauk Razawin
Original titleအင်းစောက် ရာဇဝင်
Country Arakan
Language Burmese
Series Burmese chronicles
Genre Chronicle, History

Inzauk Razawin (Burmese : အင်းစောက် ရာဇဝင်) is an Arakanese (Rakhine) chronicle covering the history of Arakan. [1]

Burmese language language spoken in Myanmar

The Burmese language is the Sino-Tibetan language spoken in Myanmar where it is an official language and the language of the Bamar people, the country's principal ethnic group. Although the Constitution of Myanmar officially recognizes the English name of the language as the Myanmar language, most English speakers continue to refer to the language as Burmese, after Burma, the older name for Myanmar. In 2007, it was spoken as a first language by 33 million, primarily the Bamar (Burman) people and related ethnic groups, and as a second language by 10 million, particularly ethnic minorities in Myanmar and neighboring countries.

History of Rakhine

Rakhine State occupies the northern coastline of Myanmar up to the border with Bangladesh and corresponds to the historical Kingdom of Arakan. The history of Rakhine is divided into 7 parts - the independent kingdoms of Dhanyawadi, Waithali, Lemro, Mrauk U, Burmese occupation from 1784 to 1826, British rule from 1826 to 1948 and as a part of independent Burma from 1948.

Related Research Articles

Launggyet Place in Rakhine State, Myanmar

Launggyet is a former capital of Arakan from 1251 to 1430. The former capital site is located a few miles northwest of Mrauk U, Rakhine State, Myanmar. The Arakanese chronicle Rakhine Razawin Thit gives the foundation date as 22 April 1251. Some Arakanese chronicles give the foundation date as 1237 CE.

Narameikhla Min Saw Mon was the last king of Launggyet Dynasty and the founder of Mrauk-U Dynasty of Arakan.

Min Khayi was king of the Mrauk-U Kingdom from 1433 to 1459.

Ba Saw Phyu was king of Arakan from 1459 to 1482. He acquired Chittagong in 1459, and put down a rebellion there in 1481. He established religious contacts with Ceylon and built the Mahabodhi Shwe-Gu Temple. Though he was beloved by his subjects for his enlightened rule, the king was assassinated by a servant of his eldest son Dawlya.

Ba Saw Nyo was king of Arakan from 1492 to 1494. He came to power in 1492 after his nephew King Dawlya had died after a failed military expedition. He made Dawlya's mother and his sister-in-law Saw Nandi his chief queen. He faced a serious mutiny by an officer, which was put down. He died of natural causes soon after.

Salingathu, was King of Arakan from 1494 to 1502. The King, who came to power by overthrowing his 8-year-old nephew, Ran Aung, was extremely cautious about his personal security. He strictly regulated the schedule by which the gates of the palace and the city could be kept open. He employed a large number of Household Guards in the Palace and around the capital, and always traveled with an extensive security detail. His chief Queen was Saw Mi Saw, daughter of King Ba Saw Phyu. He died of natural causes in 1502 at age 46. He was succeeded by his son Raza.

Min Raza was king of Arakan from 1502 to 1513. He was the father of King Min Bin.

Min Saw O was king of Arakan for six months in 1515. He was a brother of King Salingathu. He was put on the throne by the ministers of the court who had beheaded his grandnephew King Gazapati. Saw O died only after six months of reign in July 1515.

Thazata

Thazata was king of Arakan from 1515 to 1521. He was a son of King Dawlya, and governor of Ramree when he was selected by the ministers to succeed King Saw O. He moved the palace from Mrauk-U to a place called Daingkyi. He died in 1521.

Min Saw Hla was king of Arakan from 1556 to 1564. At accession, he made his first wife Saw Bon-Htut the chief queen but also married his father's chief queen Saw Thanda. He ordered a massive building program which built and repaired dams, irrigation canals as well as improved the defenses of Mrauk-U and other key towns around the kingdom. In 1561, he commissioned the building of Htukkanthein Temple.

Min Sekkya was king of Arakan from 1564 to 1572. He succeeded his elder half-brother King Min Saw Hla, who had chosen him to be the heir apparent. The northern vassal of Tripura, which had submitted to Min Saw Hla, revolted and for a time, he lost control of Chittagong. He regained the city but his attempt to reassert control over Tripura was not successful. He continued the construction projects of his brother. He was married to his half-sister Dhamma Dewi but after she died, he married Saw Thanda, who had been queen of both his brother Min Saw Hla and his father Min Dikkha. He died of natural causes in 1572, and was succeeded by his paternal uncle Min Phalaung.

Minkhaung of Mrauk-U was king of Arakan from 1521 to 1531. He was a son of King Dawlya, and succeeded his elder brother King Thazata. He ascended the throne and married his brother's chief queen, Saw Nan-Hset. He was overthrown and killed by Min Bin, then governor of Sandoway (Thandwe) in 1531.

Razawin Linka is an Arakanese (Rakhine) chronicle covering the history of Arakan.

Min Dikkha Burmese monarch

Min Dikkha was ruler of the Kingdom of Mrauk U from 1554 to 1556. He was the heir-apparent of the kingdom for 22 years during the reign of his father, King Min Bin. Dikkha was an able military commander who led the Arakanese navy in Min Bin's conquest of Bengal in 1532–1533. He led the Royal Arakanese Navy in the Taungoo–Ava War (1538–45), and in the Taungoo–Mrauk-U War (1545–47). He built the Koe-thaung Temple, the largest of all temples in Mrauk U during his short reign.

Saw Omma was the chief queen consort of four consecutive kings of Pinya and Ava Kingdoms from 1350 to 1367. Descended from Pagan and Myinsaing–Pinya royal lines, the queen was well known for her beauty, and was selected as the chief queen of the last three kings of Pinya: Kyawswa II, Narathu and Uzana II. After the death of her fourth husband King Thado Minbya of Ava in 1367, she and her fifth husband Nga Nu unsuccessfully tried to seize the Ava throne. Her brother King Swa Saw Ke, who succeeded Thado Minbya, pardoned her but also married her off to the commander who captured her.

Taungoo–Mrauk-U War (1545–1547)

The Taungoo–Mrauk-U War (1545–1547) was a military conflict that took place in Arakan from 1545 to 1547 between the Taungoo Dynasty and the Kingdom of Mrauk U. The western kingdom successfully fended off the Taungoo invasions, and kept its independence. The war had a deterrence effect: Mrauk U would not see another Taungoo invasion until 1580.

Min Shin Saw was an early 14th-century governor of Thayet in the Pinya Kingdom. He was a son of King Kyawswa of Pagan and the father of King Swa Saw Ke of Ava, Queen Saw Omma of Pinya.

Shwe Nan Shin was governor of Myinsaing from c. 1344 to c. 1390. He was the eldest sibling of King Swa Saw Ke of Ava. He became governor of Myinsaing c. 1344 during the Pinya period. He likely died in or before 1390.

References

  1. Sandamala Linkara Vol. 2 1999: 13

Bibliography

<i>Rakhine Razawin Thit</i>

Rakhine Razawin Thit is a Burmese chronicle covering the history of Arakan from time immemorial to the First Anglo-Burmese War (1824–1826). The author was Ven. Sandamala Linkara, the Sayadaw of Dakhina Vihara Rama Buddhist Monastery in Ranbye Kyun in then British Burma. Published in 1931, it is a compilation of all extant prior Arakanese chronicles in a single narrative. The original 1931 publication consisted of seven volumes. The first four volumes were published in a single enlarged volume in 1997 and the remaining three were published in another enlarged volume in 1999.