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Shlomo Yitzchaki, commonly known by the acronym Rashi, was a French rabbi who authored comprehensive commentaries on the Talmud and Hebrew Bible.
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The Tosafot,Tosafos or Tosfot are medieval commentaries on the Talmud. They take the form of critical and explanatory glosses, printed, in almost all Talmud editions, on the outer margin and opposite Rashi's notes.
Chananel ben Chushiel or Ḥananel ben Ḥushiel, an 11th-century Kairouanan rabbi and Talmudist, was in close contact with the last Geonim. He is best known for his commentary on the Talmud. Chananel is often referred to as Rabbeinu Chananel – Hebrew for "our teacher, Chananel".
Meir of Rothenburg (c. 1215 – 2 May 1293) was a German Rabbi and poet, as well as a major contributing author of the tosafot on Rashi's commentary on the Talmud. He is also known as Meir ben Baruch, and by the Hebrew language acronym Maharam of Rothenburg. He was referred to by Rabbi Menachem Meiri as the "greatest Jewish leader of Zarfat " alive at the time.
Rabbi Isaac ben Jacob or Yitzhak ben Yaakov, nicknamed "ha-Lavan" or "the white" was a 12th-century rabbi of Bohemia. He was a Tosafist and liturgical poet who flourished at Prague in the late 12th century.
The Zugot, also called Zugoth or Zugos in the Ashkenazi pronunciation, refers both to the two hundred year period during the later Second Temple period, in which the spiritual leadership of the Jews was in the hands of five successions of "pairs" of religious teachers, and to each of these pairs themselves.
Samson ben Abraham of Sens ,was one of the leading French Tosafists in the second half of the 12th and the beginning of the 13th centuries. He was the most outstanding student and the spiritual heir of Rabbi Isaac ben Samuel ha-Zaken. He is referred also known as "the Rash" or "the Prince of Sens", and within Tosafot as "Rashba".
Rabbi Isaac ben Asher HaLevi or Riba (ריב"א) is the earliest known Tosafist, son-in-law of Eliakim ben Meshullam and pupil of Rashi. He flourished in Speyer during the 11th century.
Simḥa ben Samuel of Speyer was a German rabbi and tosafist. Neither the year of his birth nor that of his death is known. He was one of the leading signatories of the Takkanot Shum He was a nephew of the director (parnas) Kalonymus, a student of R. Eliezer of Metz, and a colleague of Eliezer ben Joel ha-Levi.
Shabbat is the first tractate of Seder Moed of the Mishnah and of the Talmud. The tractate deals with the laws and practices regarding observing the Jewish Sabbath. The tractate focuses primarily on the categories and types of activities prohibited on the Sabbath according to interpretations of many verses in the Torah, notably Exodus 20:9–10 and Deut. 5:13–14.
Isaac ben Abraham, also called Rabbi Isaac ha-Baḥur and by its Hebrew acronym RIBA (ריב"א) or RIẒBA (ריצב"א), was a tosafist of the late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries.
Elhanan ben Isaac Jaffe of Dampierre also known as Rabbeinu Elhanan was a 12th-century French Tosafist and the son of Isaac ben Samuel. He is mostly known for his numerous commentaries on the Talmudic tractates, Avodah Zarah and Yoma among other notable commentaries. He is also the founder of the Jaffe family.
Rabbi Jacob of Chinon also known as Rav Tam of Chinon was a 13th-century French Tosafist from Chinon. He was a pupil of Isaac ben Abraham of Dampierre and a teacher of Perez of Corbeil. Mordechai ben Hillel mentions that Jacob wrote "Shitṭah", a commentary on the Talmudic tractate, Sanhedrin. Besides that Rabbi Jacob is known for several of his tosafot.
Rabbi Isaac ben Mordecai of Regensburg also known by his acronym Ribam was a 12th century German Tosafist.
Ephraim ben Isaac ben Abraham of Regensburg also sometimes called Ben Yakir, was a 12th-century German tosafist and liturgical poet who was known for his keen intellect, his numerous piyyutim and for controversy refusing to recognize any post-Talmudic authority.
Rabbi Menahem ben Helbo Kara was an 11th-century French tosafist, who is one of the earliest commentators on the Bible in northern France. He is known for his numerous Tosafot, and halakic principles which greatly influenced Rashi.
Rabbi Isaac ben Eliezer Halevi also known as Rabbi Isaac Segan Lewiyah was an 11th-century French Talmudist, liturgical poet and Tosafist who flourished in Germany.
Rabbeinu Haim ben Hananel HaCohen was one of the early Ba'alei Tosafot and a student and colleague of Rabbeinu Tam. He was active primarily in France and Germany.
References
- ↑ "ISRAEL OF BAMBERG - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2020-06-08.
- ↑ "Israel of Bamberg | Encyclopedia.com". www.encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2020-06-08.
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