Judah ben Nathan

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Judah ben Nathan, also referred to by the Hebrew acronym RIBaN, was a gifted French rabbi and commentator on the Talmud in the eleventh to twelfth century, best known for being the son-in-law and pupil of the great commentator Rashi, and to a great extent his continuator.

It was Judah who completed Rashi's commentary on tractate Makkot of the Talmud (from 19b to the end), [1] and who wrote the commentary on Nazir which is erroneously attributed to Rashi. He is also known to have written independent commentaries on Eruvin, Shabbat, Yevamot, [2] and Pesahim. [3] Finally, Halberstam manuscript No. 323 contains a fragment of Judah's commentary on Nedarim.

He also contributed some of the first tosafot (additions) to Rashi's Talmud commentary, pulling out certain points in greater detail. It is generally considered that Judah b. Nathan wrote tosafot to several treatises of the Talmud, and he is mentioned as a tosafist in Haggahot Mordekhai (Sanhedrin, No. 696). He is often quoted in the edited tosafot.

Judah married Rashi's second daughter Miriam, and they had several children. Their son Yom Tov later moved to Paris and headed a yeshiva there, along with his brothers Shimson and Eliezer; [4] their daughter, Alvina, was a learned woman whose customs served as the basis for later halakhic decisions.

Isaac Hatzarfati
Samuel Rashi
Meir Jochebed Rachel Eliezer Miriam Judah ben Nathan
Samuel ben Meir Rabbeinu Tam Miriam Samson ben Yosef Rivam Solomon ben Meir Miriam Samuel of Vitry Yom Tov Eliezer
IsaacJosephSolomon Abraham of Sens Rabbi Judah ben Yom Tov Joseph
Isaac ben Samuel
Isaac of Dampierre Samson ben Abraham Isaac
Rabbeinu Elhanan
Rabbi Jacob Judah ben Isaac Messer Leon
Samuel ben Elhanan
Samuel of Acre

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References

  1. Makkot 19b: "Our master's body was pure, and his soul departed in purity, and he did not explain any more; from here on is the language of his student Rabbi Yehudah ben Nathan."
  2. Eliezer b. Joel ha-Levi, Abi ha-'Ezri, §§ 183, 385, 397, 408
  3. Semag, prohibition No. 79
  4. Gross, Henri (1897). Gallia Judaica - Dictionnaire Geographique de la France d'Apres les Sources Rabbiniques. Philo Press. pp.  509-512.

PD-icon.svg This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain :  Joseph Jacobs and M. Seligsohn (1901–1906). "Tosafot". In Singer, Isidore; et al. (eds.). The Jewish Encyclopedia . New York: Funk & Wagnalls.