Ivana Franke

Last updated

Ivana Franke
Born21 December 1973 (1973-12-21) (age 49)
Zagreb, SR Croatia, Yugoslavia
OccupationContemporary visual artist
Known for
  • Large scale spatial and light installations
  • spatial drawings
Notable work
  • Full Empty Space, 2001
  • Latency, 2007
  • Seeing with Eyes Closed, 2011–
  • Retreat into Darkness. Towards a Phenomenology of the Unknown, 2017
  • Resonance of the Unforeseen, 2020
  • Limits of Perception Lab, 2020–

Ivana Franke (born 21 December 1973) is a Croatian contemporary visual artist who currently lives and works in Berlin, Germany. [1]

Contents

She uses light, space and transparent materials to create immersive installations and spatial drawings that appear ephemeral, elusive, fragile and intangible, and ultimately confront people with the limits of their perception.

Education and artistic career

Ivana Franke was born in Zagreb, Croatia, at the time it was part of the former Yugoslavia. She graduated at the School of Contemporary Dance and Rhythmics [2] and Graphic Arts at the Academy of Fine Arts in Zagreb, 1992–1997, under Professor Miroslav Šutej, a member of the New Tendencies, [3] the neo-avant garde movement that influenced her work. In 2001-2002 she participated in the fellowship program of the Center for Contemporary Art Kitakyushu, Japan. In 2004 she was a fellow of the Nordic Institut for Contemporary Art (NIFCA) in Helsinki. [4] In 2009-2010 she was a grantee of the Institut für Raumexperimente [5] and in 2014 she was a resident of ISGM, Gardner Museum in Boston.

Her first solo exhibition took place in Nova Gallery [6] [7] in Zagreb in 1997. She received wider recognition in New York MoMA P.S.1 2001 special project program with her ephemeral installation Full Empty Space [8] [9] . In 2007 Franke represented Croatia at the 52nd Venice Biennale [10] with the multi-part site-specific exhibition Latency in Palazzo Querini Stampalia.

Her large scale installations have been featured in many other international biennials, such as kinetic installation Frameworks at 9th Venice Biennale of Architecture, 2004, [11] site-specific installation Liminal Level, 2008 in Manifesta 7 [12] [13] in Bolzano, architectural installation Disorientation Station at 11th Shanghai Biennale [14] in 2016 and Resonance of the Unforeseen in 2020 at 9th Yokohama Triennale, [15] among others. [16]

Work

Ivana Franke's practice is driven by philosophical questions [17] about the nature of reality, about the relationship between appearances - subjective experience of how things manifest in our perception and thought, in phenomenal consciousness - and materiality - how things are according to physics or science in general -. She builds complex geometric structures/sculptures often employing transparent materials. By sophisticated use of light and space she modulates their appearance and devises situations that address visual and spatial perception to 'question their epistemological power'. [18]

In her immersive time-based light installations, the materiality of geometric sculptures is often negated and sometimes those constructions are made completely invisible. Instead, those structures serve as a background, a three-dimensional screen for rendering and reflecting light, hosting secondary perceptual "objects", made of light reflections, which as such do not exist, but are inferred in the mind of the observer. [19] Animated Sphere, [20] 2008, a geodesic sphere interwoven with more than four thousands of thin lines of monofilament is illuminated by tiny incandescent bulb which reflects itself on each of those thousands of lines, but does not shed enough light to make the spherical construction visible. Those constellations of reflected light dots, immaterial objects and fleeting phenomena are animated by the observer, move with him/her; they are experienced as ultimately subjective, transient, elusive, fragile and intangible. [21] [22]

Full Empty Space, 2001

In tradition of light and space artists, Ivana Franke uses light and light reflections to transform architectural elements in all-encompassing light installations, however her artistic practice differs crucially from that of Turrell or Eliasson, for example, in that she attaches so much importance to her "via negativa", that is, the possibility of defining the meaning of the work as a function of the non-existent. [23]

In her installation Full Empty Space in MoMA PS1 in New York, 2001, she has filled almost an entire room with fishing line and adhesive tape suspended to form structures with three x,y,z axes, the multiple origins of Cartesian lines that start forming space but never define it completely. With those dematerialised, almost invisible structures, she points to the "materiality" of spatial emptiness and light. [1] A visitor is invited to enter the room, but the fragility and invisibility of the structure questions the mere ability to control space that we easily take for granted. [24] In her following installation Prostor, 2003, in Museum of Contemporary Art, Zagreb, the ambience was created by measuring and multiplying a multitude of spatial units drawn in space with threads of transparent fishing line stretched over the three walls of the room, so that the entrance itself was blocked for the visitor and opened only to take over the screen function. However, the paradox is that the network exists, since we have already mentioned it as a tangible obstacle, but it is at no point as such fully visible. Light, which implies the possibility of a visual representation of the world, is not rendered by transparent threads of fishing lines, and almost completely dematerializes white space, making it intangible and invisible. [25]

Latency, 2007

In 2007 Ivana Franke represented Croatia at the 9th Venice Biennale with multi-part architecture-related exhibition Latency situated in the Area Scarpa of Pallazo Querini Stampalia. In the central installation Latency (Sala Luzzato) she covered walls and the floor with transparent glossy acryl glass which enabled the daylight, garden and the water to enter the space in the form of reflected unstable images, while the actual Scarpa's architecture remained visible in the background. [26] Remaining three rooms were deprived of daylight and transformed into something evading and fragile – something that ultimately eludes the pragmatism of early modernism.

With the similar intention of "moving into a historical location, and uncovering its invisible dimension", [27] Franke's installation Entanglement is a Fragile State, 2012, a geometric structure, a woven linear wall made of semi transparent rope catching light from the windows in the Saint-Nicolas church in Caen in France, reveals the geometry and metaphysical significance of the late Romanesque architecture.

In Infinite Threshold, 2017, she installed a glossy foil on the floor of the Hamburger Bahnhof museum in Berlin, reflecting the light and images coming through the windows at the entrance of the space, which originally was the threshold to a train station.

Seeing with Eyes Closed, 2011-

Seeing with Eyes Closed is an ongoing project dealing with quasi-hallucinatory flow of images behind user's closed eyes by stroboscopic light. Phenomena widely researched in neuroscience since beginning of 20th century and used for diagnosing photosensitive epilepsy, where Franke, an epileptic patient, first encountered it, [28] as well used in art - Brion Gysin's Dreamachine . Fascinated by the character of the experience and the possibility of creating an artwork directly in the mind of the observer, Ivana Franke developed a series of installations of different spatial organisation and "internal movies" devised by programming flicker frequencies in sequences of different durations and customising lights.

Seeing with Eyes Closed, 2011, [29] the first installation in the series is a curved object with screen of lights, in front of which the visitor sits on the cushion, and engages in an introvert, meditative individual experience. It has been widely shown internationally. [30]

We close our eyes and see a flock of birds, 2013, commissioned by MONA and Sharjah Art Foundation, which accommodates five people at the same time offers a possibility of sharing experience with others, and primes the visitors with its title. [31]

Disorientation Station [32] [33] (White), 2016, commissioned by the Shanghai Biennale is a large circular room with stroboscopic light wall accommodating larger number of people at the same time.

Retreat into Darkness. Towards a Phenomenology of the Unknown, 2017

Ivana Franke has been continuously working with the minimisation of the sensory stimuli, in order to achieve the awareness of the process of perception as such. This has reached its culmination in installations that are operating out of the current "window of visibility" in perceived total darkness. In Towards a Phenomenology of the Unknown, [34] [35] she subjected the audience to total darkness in a room-filling installation in the Schering Stiftung. Visitors could not perceive the room's architecture or any objects within it, and they did not know what to expect. This was an intensely physical experience, and people often reacted with fear. They needed five to ten minutes for their eyes to adjust before they could begin to perceive the points of light hovering about the room. Even when the audience was able to make out the light sources after some time, the strings of light encircling the room remained a mystery. [36]

In the iteration of this installation titled Lovers Seeing Darkness. Ubiety Unknown, [37] 2018 in MACBA, the complexity of the slowly appearing figures has been increased by the use of time-based media - programmed choreography of the lights, increasing the vertigo.

Other Franke's installations in complete darkness include Waver, in Circles and Instants of Visibility, 2009, In the Faraway Past and in the Future [38] [39] and From the Faraway Past and From the Future, 2014, Travel Along Unknown, 2020.

Resonance of the Unforeseen, 2020

Commissioned for the Yokohama Triennale 2020 under Raqs Media Collective's curatorship, Resonance of the Unforeseen [40] was a monumental public art project wrapping the entire front façade of the Yokohama Museum of Art. In a certain distance the building seemed to disappear under the grey material, but as you got closer it seemed to come to life at the breeze, thanks to the subtle moiré effect of the mesh.

Limits of Perception Lab, 2020-

Ivana Franke's exhibition Your Country of Two Dimensions is Not Spacious Enough. Limits of Perception Lab [41] in Savvy Contemporary in Berlin, 2020, focused on multidimensionality and included a "laboratory" for possible exploration of the phenomenal experiences of the voluntary participants, employing 5-D altered states of consciousness questionnaire.

Multidisciplinary practice of employing visual/spatial phenomena used in her artworks for quasi-scientific practice of employing visual/spatial phenomena used in her artworks for quasi-scientific experiments - the experiments use scientific methodology in artist's devised setups - investigating perceptual and cognitive processes during exposure to those stimuli has been part of her practice since 2009, such as hallucinatory responses to flickering light in installations Seeing with Eyes Closed, with neuroscientist Ida Momennejad [42] and impossible objects produced by specular highlights - reflections of light on monofilament structures with vision scientist Bilge Sayim. [43]

In this context and in conjunction with her art projects, a number of interdisciplinary events took place to further the inquiry into the themes, from different angles by experts from the fields of neuroscience, vision science, psychology, physics, history of science, critical theory and arts, including Seeing with Eyes Closed in Peggy Guggenheim in Venice (2011), [44] at Deutsche Guggenheim in Berlin [45] (2012), in Lauba in Zagreb (2012), [46] Towards a Phenomenology of the Unknown in Silent Green presented in Lange Nacht der Wissenschaften in Schering Stiftung Berlin (2017), [47] and Limits of Perception Lab, Summer Solstice Invocations, online event organised by Savvy Contemporary in Berlin [48] in 2020.

Collaborations

Ivana Franke co-authored several artworks with other artists and architects, including Frameworks, a kinetic installation first exhibited at the 9th Venice Architecture Biennale in 2004, installed permanently in front of the Museum of Contemporary Art in Zagreb, with architects Petar Mišković, Lea Pelivan and Tomo Plejić. [49] [50]

In 2019 together with architects Tommi Grönlund / Petteri Nisunen she realised the installation Imminence, [51] shown in the Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art in Rijeka and subsequently in Anhava Gallery in Helsinki in 2020, and public light installation Time Slip, under the Titov Bridge in Rijeka, both as part of Rijeka European Capital of Culture 2020 project [52] [53]

In 2005 she collaborated on the exhibition Izbjegavanje / Avoid, in the Museum of Contemporary Art in Zagreb with artists Silvio Vujicić and Damir Ocko, in 2015 on Srebrenica 1995-2015, an audio-visual event commemorating 20 years from Srebrenica genocide in collaboration with Carl Michael von Hausswolff [54]

Spatial Drawings

Although known for her large scale spatial and light installations, Ivana Franke is also recognized for drawings and objects investigating concepts, visualisations and perception of spatial dimensions, and perceptual multistability. In the series of transparent acrylic glass three-dimensional objects Frame of Reference, 2006, she created a perceptual loss of dimension appearance of two-dimensional drawings. The animated drawings in her artist flip book 2-3D, 2004, reproducing Necker cube on transparent foil in a series of four-dimensional sections in five-dimensional space questions relationship of our physical vs. mental space where the perceptual dimensionality flips. In the exhibition Potential Degrees of Freedom, 2014, in Richter Collection, Museum of Contemporary Art, Zagreb, she employs projection of Tesseract - hypercube - silkscreened on translucent paper which opens two dimensionality of the drawing into space. The apparently hypnotic lace-like mandalas of Planetary Nebula, 2019, are drawn from renderings of complex higher dimensional polyhedra, and in Entrance to Six-dimensional Cellar, 2019, a projection of six-dimensional cube printed on the floor creates an imaginary habitable space with an entrance. Further developed into often linear spatial drawings, three-dimensional objects and installations such as Room for Running Ghosts, 2011, a large scale sculpture where tensegrity-based structure points to perception of immateriality, Light Carpet, 2010, relief made of layers of geometric glass sheets embedded into the floor and Traces of Elsewhere, 2018, necker cube based wall relief with positive-negative inversions operating on perceptual multi-stability.

Collections

Her works are represented in public collections including Barcelona Museum of Contemporary Art, [55] MACBA, Museum of Contemporary Art in Zagreb, [56] Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art, [57] Rijeka, Filip Trade Collection of Contemporary Art, Zagreb.

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References

  1. 1 2 "Franke, Ivana". Croatian Encyclopedia . Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža. 2021. Retrieved 24 April 2021.
  2. ↑ Kalcic, Silva. "The Feeling of Returning Glance". Lone. pp. 115–141. Retrieved 8 April 2022.
  3. ↑ "Ivana Franke, Tommi Grönlund and Petteri Nisunen: Perceptual Drift (Galaxies in Mind) / GREY AREA - Announcements - e-flux". www.e-flux.com. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  4. ↑ "Galleri Niklas Belenius, Stockholm: Ivana Franke (5/2-22/2)". Konsten (in Swedish). 10 February 2009. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  5. ↑ "Ivana Franke". Institut für Raumexperimente. Retrieved 8 April 2022.
  6. ↑ "Galerija Nova:Kronologija 1975-2014" (PDF). p. 2-4.
  7. ↑ "Gallery Nova | Institution". ArtFacts. Retrieved 15 April 2022.
  8. ↑ "Oris • Six Degrees of Separation". www.oris.hr. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  9. ↑ "Ivana Franke | MoMA". The Museum of Modern Art. Retrieved 13 December 2021.
  10. ↑ "Ivana Franke". www.kunstforum.de (in German). Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  11. ↑ "VIAF Results". viaf.org. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  12. ↑ Manifesta 7: Index. The Rest of now. Edited by Adam Budak, Anselm Franke, Hila Peleg, Raqs Media Collective: Jeebesh Bagchi, Monica Narula, Shuddhabrata Sengupta. Exhibition catalogue, p.73. Trentino, South Tyrol: The European Biennial of Contemporary Art, Bolzano, 2008. Milano: Silvana Editoriale, 2008.
  13. ↑ "Manifesta 7 reveals its artists Trentino, Italy |". Flash Art. 16 May 2008. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  14. ↑ Tarocco, Francesca (2 December 2016). "11th Shanghai Biennale". Frieze. No. 184. ISSN   0962-0672 . Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  15. ↑ "Yokohama Triennale 2020: Not an end, an Afterglow - Announcements - e-flux". www.e-flux.com. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  16. ↑ 22nd International Biennial of Graphic Art Ljubljana, International Centre for Graphic Arts (MGLC), Narodni Muzej Ljubljana, Ljubljana, 27 June – 30 September 1997. Biennial of Young Artists from Europe and Mediterranean, Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art, Rijeka, 1 July – 30 September 1997 / Visioni di Futuro / Vision d'Avenir. Biennial of Young Artists from Europe and Mediterranean, Castelvecchi, Rome, 1999 / Dietro, c'e la passione, XII Biennial of Young Artists from Europe and Mediterranean, Castel Sant'Elmo, Naples, 19 September – 15 October 2005.
  17. ↑ Canales, Jimena. Ivana Franke. Retreat into Darkness. Towards a Phenomenology of the Unknown. Edited by Heike Catherina Mertens, Katia Naie. Spector Books, Leipzig, 2018. ISBN   9783959052122.
  18. ↑ Mance, Ivana, "Ivana Franke: Extra Dimenzije. Jeste li unutra ili vani?" Exhibition Catalogue. Edited by Ana Petković Basletić. The Croatian Academy of Arts and Sciences, 2019.
  19. ↑ Seth, Anil K. "Controlled Hallucinations and the Phenomenology of Presence. In Ivana Franke. Retreat into Darkness. Towards a Phenomenology of the Unknown. Edited by Heike Catherina Mertens, Katia Naie. Spector Books, Leipzig, 2018. Spector Books, ISBN   9783959052122.
  20. ↑ Experiment Marathon: Hans Ulrich Obrist & Olafur Eliasson, p. 86-87. Edited by Emma Ridgway. London: Serpentine Gallery, 2009. Reykjavik: Reykjavik Art Museum, 2009. Koenig Books, ISBN   978-3-86560-507-8.
  21. ↑ Agudio, Elena. "Retreat into Darkness. Towards a Phenomenology of the Unknown. On Disorientation, Epistemological Rupture, and Non-Knowledge". In Ivana Franke. Retreat into Darkness. Towards a Phenomenology of the Unknown. Edited by Heike Catherina Mertens, Katia Naie. Spector Books, Leipzig, 2018. Spector Books, ISBN   9783959052122.
  22. ↑ Agudio, Elena. "Fugaci lucciole nella nostra mente: Ivana Franke", p. 30-35. Art e dossier, no. 341, March 2017.
  23. ↑ Olofsson, Anders. "Galleri Niklas Belenius, Stockholm: Ivana Franke", Konsten, 10 February 2009.
  24. ↑ "Oris • Six Degrees of Separation". www.oris.hr. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  25. ↑ Golub, Marko. "PROSTOR Ivana Franke". Radio 101, 2003
  26. ↑ "Ivana Franke". www.kunstforum.de (in German). Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  27. ↑ Ivana Franke, Latency. Croatian Pavilion, 52nd International Art Exhibition, La Biennale di Venezia, Area Carlo Scarpa, Palazzo Querini Stampalia, Venice. Exhibition catalogue. Text by Željko Kipke, Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art, Rijeka, 2007.
  28. ↑ "Ivana Franke jedna je od najuzbudljivijih naših umjetnica. U rijetkom intervjuu govori o svojim projektima i životu u Berlinu | Telegram.hr".
  29. ↑ Frost, Vicky (20 June 2013). "Beam in Thine Own Eye – Dark Mofo, Hobart". The Guardian. ISSN   0261-3077 . Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  30. ↑ Absence of Self exhibition, Wood Street Galleries, Pittsburgh, 23 January – 5 April 2015. "Seeing with Eyes Closed" exhibition, Max Planck Science Gallery, Berlin, 2 January – 13 October 2013. "Seeing with Eyes Closed" exhibition, AoN, Deutsche Guggenheim, Deutsche Bank, Berlin, 23–25 March 2012. "Waking Background" exhibition, Lauba, Zagreb, 14 February – 13 March 2012. Interstices, Festival International Intermedia, Caen, 24–28 April 2012. Electric Shadows, Kontraste Festival, Krems, 12–14 October 2012. The Dark Universe, Sonic Acts, New Art Space Amsterdam NASA, Sonic Arts, Amsterdam, 13 January – 24 February 2013.
  31. ↑ "Eternity", a conference with practical instructions for hallucination, A project by Mobile Academy Berlin, Haus der Wissenschaft, Braunschweig, 24 April 2015. Festival of Future Nows, Neue Nationalgalerie, Berlin, 30 October – 1 November 2014. "I Look to You and I See Nothing" exhibition, Sharjah Art Foundation, Sharjah, 15 November 2013 - 16 February 2014. "Beam in Thine Own Eye" exhibition, Museum of Old and New Art (MoNA), Hobart, 14–28 June 2013. Perceptual Drift (Galaxies in Mind), Museum of Contemporary Art, Zagreb, 6 July – 20 August 2017.
  32. ↑ Tarocco, Francesca (2 December 2016). "11th Shanghai Biennale". Frieze. No. 184. ISSN   0962-0672 . Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  33. ↑ Lejeune, Rose (3 December 2016). "Biennialgram from the 11th Shanghai Biennale". Biennial Foundation. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  34. ↑ Ivana Franke. Retreat into Darkness. Towards a Phenomenology of the Unknown. Edited by Heike Catherina Mertens, Katia Naie. Texts by Elena Agudio, Jimena Canales, Ivana Franke, Pierre Gallais, Heike Catherina Mertens, Katja Naie, Sylvia C. Pont, Bilge Sayim, Anil K. Seth. Spector Books, Leipzig, 2018. Spector Books, ISBN   9783959052122.
  35. ↑ BERLIN, KUNSTLEBEN (20 April 2017). "Ivana Franke: Retreat into Darkness. Towards a Phenomenology of the Unknown". Kunstleben Berlin - das Kunstmagazin (in German). Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  36. ↑ Mertens, Heike Catherina and Naie, Katia. Preface in Ivana Franke. Retreat into Darkness. Towards a Phenomenology of the Unknown. Edited by Heike Catherina Mertens, Katia Naie. Spector Books, Leipzig, 2018. Spector Books, ISBN   9783959052122
  37. ↑ Montañés, José Ángel (31 October 2018). "Ramón y Cajal expone en el Macba". El País (in Spanish). ISSN   1134-6582 . Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  38. ↑ ""INSERT2014" - Criticism - e-flux". www.e-flux.com. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  39. ↑ Lavakare, Jyoti Pande (25 February 2014). "An Art Event Incorporates Itself in the Spaces of New Delhi". India Ink. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  40. ↑ "7th Yokohama Triennale, "Afterglow" - Criticism - e-flux". www.e-flux.com. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  41. ↑ "LIMITS OF PERCEPTION LAB". S A V V Y Contemporary. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  42. ↑ Franke, Ivana; Abbushi, Alexander; Mommenejad, Ida (2011). Seeing with Eyes Closed (PDF). Berlin: Association of Neuroesthetics. ISBN   9783000347382. "Ivana Franke and Ida Momennejad, Two practices of seeing, with eyes closed. Contemporary art and neuroscience in dialogue".
  43. ↑ "Ivana Franke, Bilge Sayim. Effects of phenomenally "real" and cognitively "unreal" stimuli on visual consciousness". TSC 2016 Tucson. The Science of Consciousness. Conference Book of Abstracts, p. 225. Center for Consciousness Studies, Arizona, 2016
  44. ↑ "Venice Symposia 2011". ASSOCIATION OF NEUROESTHETICS (in German). Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  45. ↑ Yumpu.com. "DG Magazin - Deutsche Guggenheim". yumpu.com (in German). Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  46. ↑ "Ivana Franke, Ida Momennejad & Ulrich-Wilhelm Thomale". ASSOCIATION OF NEUROESTHETICS (in German). 14 February 2012. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  47. ↑ "Long Night of the Sciences at the Schering Stiftung – Schering Stiftung" . Retrieved 10 May 2022.
  48. ↑ "Summer Solstice". S A V V Y Contemporary. Retrieved 10 May 2022.
  49. ↑ Ivancevic, Natasa; Franke, Ivana; Mišković, Petar; Pelivan, Lea; Plejić, Toma; Rupnik, Ivan; Paver Njirić, Helena (2011). BEYOND THE FRAMES / ONKRAJ OKVIRA. Museum of Contemporary Art.
  50. ↑ "Volumen - Announcements - e-flux". www.e-flux.com. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  51. ↑ "Installation 'Imminence'". Muzej moderne i suvremene umjetnosti. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  52. ↑ "Ivana Franke, Tommi Grönlund i Petteri Nisunen – Time Slip i Imminence". Izvrnuti džep / The Turned Out Pocket. 21 January 2020. Retrieved 11 May 2022.
  53. ↑ "Time Slip and Imminence - Art Installations in the Public Space Presented • Rijeka 2020". Rijeka 2020. 14 October 2019. Retrieved 11 May 2022.
  54. ↑ Josipović, Ivana (10 July 2015). "Komemorativni program Srebrenica 1995-2015: Performans koji budi osjećaj jeze i nagovještaj strave srebreničkog masakra". narod.hr (in Croatian). Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  55. ↑ "Franke, Ivana | MACBA Museum of Contemporary Art of Barcelona". www.macba.cat.
  56. ↑ "Volumen - Announcements - e-flux". www.e-flux.com. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  57. ↑ "La Biennale di Venezia, 52. Esposizione Internazionale d'Arte / Ivana Franke: Latency".
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