![]() Satellite image of James Ross Island group | |
![]() Map of Graham Land, showing James Ross Island (2), Snow Hill Island (6), Vega Island (7), Seymour Island (8), and Lockyer Island (11) | |
Geography | |
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Location | Antarctica |
Coordinates | 64°10′S57°45′W / 64.167°S 57.750°W |
Administration | |
Administered under the Antarctic Treaty System |
The James Ross Island group ( 64°10′S57°45′W / 64.167°S 57.750°W ) is a group of islands located close to the northeastern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula. The largest islands in the group are James Ross Island, Snow Hill Island, Vega Island, and Seymour Island. The islands lie to the south of the Joinville Island group. The groups contains several scientific bases, notably Marambio Base, and numerous important palaeontological sites. [1]
The James Ross Island group lies in Graham Land to the east of the tip of Trinity Peninsula, which is itself the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula. It is separated from the mainland by Prince Gustav Channel, to the west. Eagle Island is to the north of this channel. The Erebus and Terror Gulf is to the northeast. The Weddell Sea is to the south and east. The main islands are James Ross Island, separated from Vega Island to the north by Herbert Sound, Seymour Island, Snow Hill Island and Lockyer Island. [2]
63°55′S57°40′W / 63.917°S 57.667°W . A sound extending from Cape Lachman and Keltic Head on the northwest to the narrows between The Naze and False Island Point on the southeast, separating Vega Island from James Ross Island and connecting Prince Gustav Channel with Erebus and Terror Gulf. On 6 January 1843 Captain James Clark Ross discovered a broad embayment east of the sound, which he named Sidney Herbert Bay after the Hon. Sidney Herbert, M.P., First Secretary to the Admiralty, 1841–45. The sound proper was discovered and charted by the Swedish Antarctic Expedition (SwedAE), 1901-04, under Otto Nordenskjöld, who included it with the broad embayment under the name Sidney Herbert Sound. The recommended application restricts Herbert Sound to the area west of the narrows between The Naze and False Island Point; the embayment discovered by Ross forms the west margin of Erebus and Terror Gulf. [3]
64°20′S57°10′W / 64.333°S 57.167°W . A sound which extends in a northeast-southwest direction and separates Seymour Island and Snow Hill Island from James Ross Island. The broad northeast part of the sound was named Admiralty Inlet by the British expedition under James Clark Ross, who discovered it on 6 January 1843. The feature was determined to be a sound rather than a bay in 1902 by the SwedAE under Otto Nordenskjöld. [4]
64°20′S56°55′W / 64.333°S 56.917°W . A marine channel, 1.5 nautical miles (2.8 km; 1.7 mi) long and 0.5 nautical miles (0.93 km; 0.58 mi) wide, between Snow Hill Island and Seymour Island. First surveyed in 1902 by SwedAE, 1901-04, under Otto Nordenskjöld. The UK-APC name arose from the excellent sledging conditions experienced during the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) resurveying of the area of 1952, which gave to the work a picnic-like atmosphere. [5]
64°27′S57°36′W / 64.450°S 57.600°W . An island 2.5 nautical miles (4.6 km; 2.9 mi) long, lying off the south shore of James Ross Island in the southwest entrance to Admiralty Sound. Named Cape Lockyer by Captain James Clark Ross, 7 January 1843, at the request of Captain Francis R.M. Crozier in honor of the latter's friend, Captain Nicholas Lockyer, RN. The insularity of the feature was determined by the SwedAE under Nordenskjold in 1902. [6]
64°12′S56°51′W / 64.200°S 56.850°W . A circular island 1 nautical mile (1.9 km; 1.2 mi) in diameter, consisting of a high plateau with steep slopes surmounted on the northwest side by a pyramidal peak 450 metres (1,480 ft) high, lying in the northeast entrance to Admiralty Sound. Discovered by a British expedition under James Clark Ross, 1839-43, who named it for Admiral George Cockburn, Royal Navy, then Senior Naval Lord of the Admiralty. [7]
63°48′S57°17′W / 63.800°S 57.283°W . A narrow island 1 nautical mile (1.9 km; 1.2 mi) long with a low summit on each end, lying in the center of a small bay 1 nautical mile (1.9 km; 1.2 mi) southeast of Cape Well-met, northern Vega Island. Discovered and named by the SwedAE, 1901-04, under Otto Nordenskjöld. [8]
Joinville Island is the largest island of the Joinville Island group, about 40 nautical miles long in an east–west direction and 12 nautical miles wide, lying off the northeastern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula, from which it is separated by the Antarctic Sound.
Hope Bay is a bay 3 nautical miles long and 2 nautical miles wide, indenting the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula and opening on Antarctic Sound.
James Ross Island is a large island off the southeast side and near the northeastern extremity of the Antarctic Peninsula, from which it is separated by Prince Gustav Channel. Rising to 1,630 metres (5,350 ft), it is irregularly shaped and extends 40 nautical miles in a north–south direction.
Vega Island is an island in Antarctica, 17 nautical miles long and 6 nautical miles wide, which is the northernmost of the James Ross Island group and lies in the west part of Erebus and Terror Gulf. It is separated from James Ross Island by Herbert Sound and from Trinity Peninsula by Prince Gustav Channel.
Joinville Island group is a group of antarctic islands, lying off the northeastern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula, from which Joinville Island group is separated by the Antarctic Sound.
The Longing Peninsula is a peninsula 9 nautical miles long terminating in Cape Longing, situated at the northeast end of the Nordenskjöld Coast where it separates the Larsen Ice Shelf from the Prince Gustav Ice Shelf.
Hughes Bay is a bay lying between Cape Sterneck and Cape Murray along the west coast of the Antarctic Peninsula.
The Erebus and Terror Gulf is a gulf on the southeast side of the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula, bordered on the northeast by the Joinville Island group and on the southwest by the James Ross Island group.
The Prince Gustav Channel is a strait about 80 nautical miles long and from 4 to 15 nautical miles wide, separating James Ross Island and Vega Island from the Trinity Peninsula, Antarctica.
Seymour Island or Marambio Island, is an island in the chain of 16 major islands around the tip of the Graham Land on the Antarctic Peninsula. Graham Land is the closest part of Antarctica to South America. It lies within the section of the island chain that resides off the west side of the peninsula's northernmost tip. Within that section, it is separated from Snow Hill Island by Picnic Passage, and sits just east of the larger key, James Ross Island, and its smaller, neighboring island, Vega Island.
Drygalski Glacier is a broad glacier, 18 nautical miles long which flows southeast from Herbert Plateau through a rectangular re-entrant to a point immediately north of Sentinel Nunatak on the east coast of Graham Land, Antarctica.
Ulu Peninsula is that portion of James Ross Island northwest of the narrow neck of land between Rohss Bay and Croft Bay, extending from Cape Obelisk to Cape Lachman, in Antarctica.
Andersson Island is an island 7 nautical miles long and 4 nautical miles wide, lying 0.5 nautical miles south of Jonassen Island at the west side of the south entrance to Antarctic Sound, off the northeast tip of the Antarctic Peninsula. It is a volcanic island of the James Ross Island Volcanic Group.
Eagle Island is an island 5 nautical miles long and 4 nautical miles wide, rising to 560 metres (1,840 ft) on the NE side. It is the largest island in the archipelago which lies between Trinity Peninsula and Vega Island. Eagle Island is separated from the Antarctic mainland by the 1.77 km wide Aripleri Passage. It is volcanic in origin, having been K-Ar dated 1.7 ± 0.2 and 2.0 ± 0.2 million years old. It forms part of the James Ross Island Volcanic Group.
The Tabarin Peninsula is a peninsula 15 nautical miles long and 5 to 12 nautical miles wide, lying south of the trough between Hope Bay and Duse Bay and forming the east extremity of Trinity Peninsula in the Antarctic Peninsula.
The Wright Ice Piedmont is an ice piedmont extending westward from Lanchester Bay along the west coast of Graham Land in Antarctica.
Croft Bay is a bay which indents the north-central side of James Ross Island and forms the southern part of Herbert Sound, south of the northeastern end of the Antarctic Peninsula.
Markham Bay is a bay 8 nautical miles wide, lying between Ekelöf Point and Hamilton Point on the east side of James Ross Island, Antarctica.
Röhss Bay is a bay 11 nautical miles wide, between Cape Broms and Cape Obelisk on the southwest side of James Ross Island, Antarctica.
The Naze is a peninsula in north James Ross Island, marking the southeast entrance to Herbert Sound and extending about 5 nautical miles northeast from Terrapin Hill toward the south-central shore of Vega Island.
This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Geological Survey .