Accounting,also known as accountancy,is the process of recording and processing information about economic entities,such as businesses and corporations. Accounting measures the results of an organization's economic activities and conveys this information to a variety of stakeholders,including investors,creditors,management,and regulators. Practitioners of accounting are known as accountants. The terms "accounting" and "financial reporting" are often used interchangeably.
Chartered accountants were the first accountants to form a professional accounting body,initially established in Scotland in 1854. The Edinburgh Society of Accountants (1854),the Glasgow Institute of Accountants and Actuaries (1854) and the Aberdeen Society of Accountants (1867) were each granted a royal charter almost from their inception. The title is an internationally recognised professional designation;the certified public accountant designation is generally equivalent to it. Women were able to become chartered accountants only following the Sex Disqualification (Removal) Act 1919 after which,in 1920,Mary Harris Smith was recognised by the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales and became the first woman chartered accountant in the world.
The Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA) is the global professional accounting body offering the Chartered Certified Accountant qualification (CCA). Founded in 1904,It is now the fourth-largest professional accounting body in the world,with 252,500 members and 526,000 student members. ACCA's headquarters are in London with principal administrative office in Glasgow. ACCA works through a network of over 110 offices and centres in 51 countries - with 346 Approved Learning Partners (ALP) and more than 7,600 Approved Employers worldwide,who provide employee development.
The South African Institute of Chartered Accountants (SAICA),South Africa’s pre-eminent accountancy body,is widely recognised as one of the world’s leading accounting institutes. The institute provides a wide range of support services to more than 48,000 members and associates who are chartered accountants (CAs(SA)),as well as associate general accountants (AGAs(SA)) and accounting technicians (ATs(SA)).
The Nzema are an ethnic group numbering about 328,700,of whom 262,000 live in southwestern Ghana and 66,700 live in the southeast of Côte d'Ivoire. In Ghana,the Nzema area is divided into three electoral districts:Nzema East Municipal,also known as Evalue Gwira;Ellembele;and Nzema West,also known as Jomoro. Their language is also known as Nzima or Appolo.
Chartered Accountants Ireland was established by Royal Charter on 14 May 1888,and is Ireland's largest accountancy body. According to its website,it represents over 30,000 members globally.
The Institute of Chartered Accountants of Jamaica (ICAJ) is a professional accountancy body in Jamaica. It is the sole organisation in Jamaica with the right to award the Chartered Accountant designation.
The Institute of Chartered Accountants of Nigeria (ICAN) is a professional accountancy body in Nigeria. It is one of the two professional accountancy associations with regulatory authority in Nigeria,the other being the Association of National Accountants of Nigeria (ANAN). The relationship between the two organizations has been tense. In 2007 ICAN attempted to have a bill declaring ANAN void.
The Institute of Chartered Accountants of Pakistan is a professional accountancy body in Pakistan. It has over 10,096 members working locally and globally. The institute was established on July 1,1961 to regulate the profession of accountancy in Pakistan. It is a statutory autonomous body established under the Chartered Accountants Ordinance,1961. With the significant growth in the profession,the CA Ordinance and By-Laws were revised in 1983.
Albert Kan-Dapaah is a Ghanaian chartered accountant and politician. He is the current National Security Minister of Ghana since his appointment by President Nana Akufo-Addo in January 2017.
Forensic accountants are experienced auditors,accountants,and investigators of legal and financial documents that are hired to look into possible suspicions of fraudulent activity within a company;or are hired by a company who may just want to prevent fraudulent activities from occurring. They also provide services in areas such as accounting,antitrust,damages,analysis,valuation,and general consulting. Forensic accountants have also been used in divorces,bankruptcy,insurance claims,personal injury claims,fraudulent claims,construction,royalty audits,and tracking terrorism by investigating financial records. Many forensic accountants work closely with law enforcement personnel and lawyers during investigations and often appear as expert witnesses during trials.
The Liberian Institute of Certified Public Accountants (LICPA) is a professional association of accountants in Liberia.
Takis M. Klerides,is a Greek Cypriot accountant,banker and a politician. He served as a Finance Minister of Cyprus under president Glafcos Clerides from 19 March 1999 until 28 February 2003.
Whether providing services as an accountant or auditor,a Certified Public Accountant (CPA) owes a duty of care to the client and third parties who foreseeably rely on the accountant's work. Accountants can be sued for negligence or malpractice in the performance of their duties,and for fraud.
John Saka Addo is a Ghanaian economist and statesman,who was governor of the Bank of Ghana from 29 March 1983 to 3 June 1987 and a member of the Council of State. He is a co-founder and former managing director of Prudential Bank Limited.
Abena Osei-Asare is a Chartered Accountant,Ghanaian politician and currently a Member of Parliament for Atiwa East in the Eastern Region of Ghana.
Nana Appiah Mensah popularly known as NAM1,is a Ghanaian business man known for the menzgold fraud. He is married to Rose Mensah,who was charged by the state as a coconspirator.
Joseph Emmanuel Ackah was a Ghanaian politician,farmer and a member of the 1st,2nd and 3rd parliament of the 4th republic of Ghana. He was a former member of Parliament for the Jomoro constituency in the Western Region a member of the National Democratic Congress political party in Ghana.
Umar Farouk Aliu Mahama is a Ghanaian politician who is a member of the New Patriotic Party (NPP). He is the member of parliament for the Yendi Constituency after winning in the 2020 parliamentary elections.
Seth Ago-Adjetey is a Ghanaian accountant and civil servant. He was the Director General of the Ghana Broadcasting Corporation from 2000 to 2002.
