Klement Gottwald was a Czech communist politician,who was the leader of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia from 1929 until his death in 1953 –titled as general secretary until 1945 and as chairman from 1945 to 1953. He was the first leader of Communist Czechoslovakia from 1948 to 1953.
The Third Czechoslovak Republic,officially the Czechoslovak Republic,was a sovereign state from April 1945 to February 1948 following the end of World War II.
With the collapse of the Habsburg monarchy at the end of World War I,the independent country of Czechoslovakia was formed as a result of the critical intervention of U.S. President Woodrow Wilson,among others.
Antonín Josef Novotný was First Secretary of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia from 1953 to 1968,and also held the post of president of Czechoslovakia from 1957 to 1968. An ardent hardliner,Novotnýwas forced to yield the reins of power to Alexander Dubček during the short-lived reform movement of 1968.
Czech National Social Party is a civic nationalist political party in the Czech Republic,that once played an important role in Czechoslovakia during the interwar period. It was established in 1897 by break-away groups from both the national liberal Young Czech Party and the Czech Social Democratic Party,with a stress on achieving independence of the Czech lands from Austria-Hungary. Its variant of socialism was moderate and reformist rather than a Marxist one. After the National Labour Party dissolved and merged with National Socialists in 1930,the party also became the refuge for Czech liberals. Its best-known member was Edvard Beneš,a co-founder of Czechoslovakia and the country's second President during the 1930s and 1940s.
Ludvík Svoboda was a Czech general and politician. He fought in both World Wars,for which he was regarded as a national hero,and he later served as the president of Czechoslovakia from 1968 to 1975.
The Czechoslovak Socialist Republic,known from 1948 to 1960 as the Czechoslovak Republic or Fourth Czechoslovak Republic,was the Czechoslovak state from 1948 until 1989,when the country was under communist rule,and was regarded as a satellite state in the Soviet sphere of interest.
Ján Čarnogurský is a Slovak former politician,who served as the prime minister of Slovakia (1991–1992) and the former chairman of the Christian Democratic Movement (1990–2000). Today he is chairman of Slovak-Russian association with headquarters in Bratislava.
International Students' Day is an international observance of the student community,held annually on 17 November. Originally commemorating the Czech universities which were stormed by Nazis in 1939 and the students who were subsequently killed and sent to concentration camps,it is now marked by a number of universities,sometimes on a day other than 17 November,as a nonpolitical celebration of the multiculturalism of their international students.
Lubor Jan Zink was a Czech-Canadian writer and columnist known for his anti-Communism.
Viliam Široký was a prominent Communist politician of Czechoslovakia,the prime minister from 1953 to 1963. He also served as the leader of the Communist Party of Slovakia between 1945 and 1954.
Jan Fischer is a Czech politician who served as the prime minister of the Czech Republic from April 2009 to July 2010,heading a caretaker government. Later he was the minister of Finance from July 2013 to January 2014 in another interim government of JiříRusnok.
Jan Kohout is a Czech diplomat and politician. He was Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic in caretaker governments of Jan Fischer and JiříRusnok. Between 1986–1989 he had been a member of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia;since 1995 is a member of the Social Democratic Party but before accepting the office of Foreign Minister he suspended party membership.
Edvard Beneš was a Czech politician and statesman who served as the president of Czechoslovakia from 1935 to 1938,and again from 1939 to 1948. During the first six years of his second stint,he led the Czechoslovak government-in-exile during World War II.
Petr Zenkl was an influential Czech politician,government minister,mayor of Prague,chairman of the Czechoslovak National Social Party (1945–1948),deputy prime minister of Czechoslovakia (1946–1948) and the chairman of exile Council of Free Czechoslovakia (1949–1974).
Pavel Bergmann was a Czech historian,philosopher,a signatory of the Charter 77 manifesto,and a founding member of the Civic Forum.
Karel Dufek was a Czechoslovak diplomat and a Spanish Civil War veteran who served in the International Brigades.
Karl Kreibich,also known as Karel Kreibich,was a Sudeten German communist politician and author in Czechoslovakia. Kreibich emerged as the main leader of the revolutionary socialist movement amongst German workers in Bohemia after the First World War. He was a leader of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia and a functionary of the Communist International. During the First Czechoslovak Republic,he was elected to parliament thrice. During the Second World War he was part of the exiled Czechoslovak State Council,based in London. After the war he served as Czechoslovak ambassador to the Soviet Union.
Brazil–Czech Republic relations are the diplomatic relations between the Federative Republic of Brazil and the Czech Republic. Both nations enjoy friendly relations,the importance of which centers on the history of Czech migration to Brazil. Approximately 500 thousand Brazilians have Czech ancestry. Both nations are members of the United Nations.
Relations between Czechoslovakia and the United States refer to two periods in Czechoslovakia's history. The first being the establishment of Czechoslovakia after its declaration of independence in 1918 from Austria-Hungary initiated by President Woodrow Wilson as part of his Fourteen Points following World War I. The second period being the communist era from 1948 when relations were strained,until 1992 when Czechoslovakia split forming the independent nations of the Czech Republic and Slovakia as a result of the 1989 Velvet Revolution.
