Jean Alfred Fraissinet

Last updated
Jean Alfred Fraissinet
Born22 June 1894
Marseilles, France
Died23 May 1981(1981-05-23) (aged 86)
Cogolin, France
AllegianceFrance
Service/branchCavalry; aviation
Years of service19141919; also World War II
Rank Capitaine
Unit Escadrille 57
Awards Légion d'honneur , Croix de Guerre with five Palmes and an Etoile de bronze
RelationsFamily was prominent in shipping
Other workRan a shipping line, founded and owned newspapers, became a vintner, served in French National Assembly

Heir to the Compagnie Fraissinet, Lieutenant (later Captain) Jean Alfred Fraissinet also served in the French Air Force during World War I, becoming a flying ace credited with eight aerial victories. Postwar, he took the helm of his family's shipping line in 1927. He founded two newspapers and bought another. He also bought the Château Saint-Maur and transformed it into a winery. The capstone of his career came in 1958, when he was elected to his nation's National Assembly as a member of the National Centre of Independents and Peasants.

Contents

Early life and ground service

Jean Alfred Fraissinet was born in the port city of Marseilles, France on 22 June 1894. When World War I began, he joined the ranks of the French military, being assigned to the 6th Hussar Regiment on 7 September 1914. On 6 November 1914, he was promoted to the enlisted rank of Brigadier. After promotion to Maréchal-des-logis on 27 September 1915, he attended school at Saumur, beginning on 26 April 1916. On 1 August 1916, he was appointed an Aspirant. He then reported to Dijon for pilot training. [1]

Aerial service in World War I

After a further transfer to Chartres on 3 September 1916, he received his military pilot's license on 4 November 1916. He underwent advanced training before posting to Escadrille N57 on 14 March 1917. [1] [N 1] His commissioning as a temporary sous lieutenant followed on 17 August 1917. The following month, he began his victory string. [1] [N 2]

He won the Croix de Guerre with five Palmes and an Etoile de bronze for his gallantry. On 24 September 1918, he was promoted to lieutenant. On 1 October 1918, Fraissinet and his wingman attacked a formation of 20 German two-seaters engaged in trench strafing; Fraissinet set two of them aflame. This courageous feat was rewarded with the Légion d'honneur on 9 November 1918. [1]

List of aerial victories

See also Aerial victory standards of World War I

No.Date/timeAircraftFoeResultLocationNotes [1]
124 September 1917 @ 1435 hours Spad Albatros reconnaissance planeDestroyed Fort de la Pompelle Victory shared with Charles Nuville and another French pilot
212 April 1918Spad Aviatik reconnaissance planeDestroyed Hangard
32 May 1918SpadAviatik reconnaissance planeDestroyed Domart-sur-la-Luce
431 May 1918SpadAlbatros reconnaissance planeDestroyedÉtrépillyVictory shared with Marcel Nogues and another French pilot
523 June 1918Spad Halberstadt reconnaissance planeDestroyedSouth of Reims
615 July 1918 @ 0455 hoursSpadAlbatros reconnaissance planeDestroyedFleuryVictory shared with Charles Nuville and another French pilot
71 October 1918 @ 1800 hoursSpadHalberstadt reconnaissance planeDestroyed; set afire Aure
81 October 1918 @ 1805 hoursSpadHalberstadt reconnaissance planeDestroyed; set afire Somme-Py Victory shared with another French pilot

After World War I

Fraissinet would not be discharged from military service until 7 October 1919. [1]

In 1927, Jean Fraissinet replaced his father Alfred as head of the Compagnie Fraissinet, the family's shipping firm. Fraissinet married Mathilde Cyprien-Fabre, who was the daughter of a prominent shipping family, Compagnie Française de Navigation à Vapeur Cyprien Fabre (Fabre Line). In 1930, the two shipping firms, as well as a third line, integrated operations to mutually increase their commercial competitiveness. The following year, Fraissinet established two newspapersMarseille-Soir and Marseille-Matin. [3]

The threeway alliance of shipping companies lasted until 1935; then Fraissinet consolidated the Fabre Line and the Compagnie Fraissinet and abandoned the third company to its fate. [3]

On 23 May 1937, he bought the historic Château Saint-Maur and its grounds from Sir Henry Laurens, the wealthy tobacconist. Fraissinet turned the property from its former agricultural uses of growing wheat, beets, and cotton [4] into vineyards. [5]

Fraissinet returned to his country's service in World War II, rising to the rank of captain. [1] In January 1941, he was made a member of the National Council of Vichy France. Following the war, in 1947 he bought another newspaper, Le Méridional . In 1952, he merged it with Sud-Est and La France de Marseille. [3]

As a culmination of the right wing nationalist views he espoused in his newspapers, he was elected to the National Assembly of France, [3] as a member of the National Centre of Independents and Peasants party, on 30 November 1958. [6] Jean Fraissinet passed direction of the family concern to his son Roland. [3] During Jean Fraissinet's four years in political office, he was a staunch advocate of retaining a French Algeria, thus being opposed to Charles de Gaulle's policies. [3] Fraissinet's term ended on 9 October 1962; [6] he was not re-elected. [3]

The Fraissinet family shipping company docked its last ship in 1968, and withdrew entirely from the shipping business in 1974, ending 138 years of maritime service. [3]

Jean Fraissinet died in 1981 leaving behind him three children (Roland Fraissinet, Regis Fraissinet, Nadine Patricot-Fraissinet) and eight grandchildren (Hadrien Fraissinet, Eric Fraissinet, Marc Fraissinet, Dora Fraissinet, Ines Fraissinet, Philippe Patricot, Chantal Patricot, Noel Patricot). [3]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pierre Le Roy de Boiseaumarié</span>

Pierre Marie Gabriel Vincent Ernest Leroy de Boiseaumarie (1890-1967), nicknamed Baron Le Roy, was a World War I fighter pilot credited with five aerial victories.

Capitaine Paul Louis Malavialle was a French World War I flying ace credited with five aerial victories.

Capitaine Jean Marie Émile Derode was a French World War I flying ace credited with seven aerial victories.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gilbert Sardier</span>

Lieutenant Jean Marie Luc Gilbert Sardier (1897-1976) was a World War I flying ace credited with 15 aerial victories. He remained active in aviation following World War I. During World War II, he was deeply involved in a veterans organization that collaborated with the occupying Nazis.

Sous Lieutenant Marcel Joseph Maurice Nogues was a World War I flying ace credited with thirteen aerial victories. He was an ace over enemy observation balloons, as well as enemy airplanes.

Lieutenant Colonel Marcel Anatole Marie Esprit Hugues was a French flying ace during World War I. He served before, during, and after the war, as he was a professional soldier. Later, he came out of retirement for World War II service and led Groupe de Chasse II/5 in its opening campaign against the invading Germans.

Lieutenant Colonel Charles Marie Joseph Leon Nuville LH was a French World War I flying ace credited with twelve confirmed aerial victories. He served as a professional soldier throughout the interwar years, and through World War II.

MV <i>Serenade</i>

The MVSerenade was a French ocean liner and later cruise ship, operating until 2008 when she was sold for scrap.

Lieutenant Jean Seraphin Benjamin Emmanuel Bozon-Verduraz was a French flying ace during World War I. A prewar soldier, he was recalled and switched from cavalry to aviation to achieve 11 confirmed aerial victories.

Général Auguste Joseph Marie Lahoulle was a French military officer who began his career as a World War I flying ace. He was a double ace during the war, credited with ten confirmed aerial victories.

Capitaine Jean Georges Fernand Matton was a French World War I cavalryman and flying ace. He was credited with nine confirmed and two unconfirmed aerial victories.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Escadrille 3</span> French Air Force flying unit

Escadrille 3Les Cigognes was a famous French aviation unit during the World War I. It was often referred to as the 'Stork Escadrille N3' due to its insignia. Pilots from Groupe de Combat 12 adopted the name and placed images of storks in different phases of flying on their planes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Escadrille 103</span> Military unit

Escadrille 103 of the French Air Force was an elite aviation unit on the Western Front during World War I. One of its many aces, René Fonck was the highest scoring Allied fighter-pilot.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Escadrille 73</span> Military unit

Escadrille 73 of the French Air Force originated at Corcieux on 23 May 1915 as Detachment N 49 during the World War I.

Escadrille 67 of the French Air Force was founded at Lyon-Bron Airport during the First World War, on 17 September 1915. On 24 September, they were assigned to the IV Armee of the French Army. By late October, the escadrille was assigned to the defense of Verdun.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Escadrille SPA.31</span> Military unit

Escadrille 31 of the French Air Force was founded at the beginning of the World War I, on 24 September 1914, at Dijon Air Base. Once equipped with Morane-Saulnier Ns, it was posted to I Armee of the French Army.

Escadrille 57 of the French Air Force was founded during World War I, on 10 May 1915.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fabre Line</span>

The Fabre Line or Compagnie Française de Navigation à Vapeur Cyprien Fabre & Compagnie was a French shipping line formed in 1881 by Cyprien Fabre. It began operating a small fleet of sailing ships in 1865. Its ports of call included New York, NY; Providence, RI; Boston, MA; Ponta Delgada, Madeira, and Lisbon, Portugal; Piraeus and Salonica, Greece; Algiers, Algeria; Beirut, Lebanon; Naples and Palermo, Italy; Alexandria, Egypt; Jaffa and Haifa, Palestine; Constantinople, Turkey; Monaco; and Marseilles, France.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Compagnie Fraissinet</span>

The Compagnie Fraissinet, a Marseilles-based shipping line, played an important role in trade and immigration flows in the Mediterranean, Black Sea, Western Africa and Latin America. The Compagnie Fraissinet added Northern America to its routes after a merger with the Compagnie Française de Navigation à Vapeur Cyprien Fabre & Cie. The Compagnie Fraissinet operated for close to 150 years through two World Wars, several revolutions, and the colonization and decolonization periods. The Fraissinet family started divesting from shipping activities in the 60s to concentrate on aviation and media. Fraissinet lowered its flag in 1968, the tanker Alfred-Fraissinet being the last ship of the company. Fabre kept on operating until 1979.

Escadrille Spa.78 was a French fighter squadron active from December 1916 until the end of World War I on 11 November 1918. It spent most of its existence as a component of a larger Groupe de Combat involved in offensive operations. The squadron was credited with a minimum of 40 confirmed aerial victories during the war.

References

Notes
  1. Some sources give 7 March 1917 as the date of his arrival with N57. [2]
  2. The prefix "N" denotes that the escadrille was then equipped with Nieuports. It would subsequently re-arm with Spads and be redesignated as "Spa57". [1]
Citations
  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Over the Front, p. 162.
  2. Society of World War I Aero Historians: Cross & Cockade Journal . Volume 26, Issue 6, page 8.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Les Marseillais dans l'histoire: Volume 3 of Les Hommes dans l'histoire. Pierre Guiral, Félix Reynaud. Privat, 1988. ISBN   2-7089-9404-2, ISBN   978-2-7089-9404-1. Via Fraissinet (Shipping company, France) Flags of the World. Retrieved 2011-11-01.
  4. Château Saint-Maur: The Landowners. Château Saint-Maur. Retrieved 2011-11-01.
  5. Château Saint-Maur: The Farm. Château Saint-Maur. Retrieved 2011-11-01.
  6. 1 2 Jean Fraissinet. Assemblee Nationale. Retrieved 2011-11-01. Translation via Babelfish.
Bibliography