John Chavis Memorial Park, also known as Chavis Park, is a public park spanning 28.87 acres [1] near Shaw University in the South Park neighborhood of Southeast Raleigh, North Carolina. Built in 1937, Chavis Park attracted carloads of visitors from across North Carolina on its opening day. [1] Its main attraction continues to be a historic, Allan Herschell carousel.
Chavis Park was added to the National Park Service's National Register of Historic Places on April 19, 2016. [2]
Chavis Park is named after John Chavis, a free Black educator, Presbyterian minister, and American Revolutionary War veteran. In 1808, he opened his first school, the site of which was located near the grounds of modern-day Chavis Park. [3]
The park, which was dedicated in 1938, [4] was built in the South Park district in 1937 with funding from the Works Progress Administration, demonstrating the complicity of federal government with Jim Crow laws. [5] The park also received backing from local government and civic organizations to provide "separate but equal" parity with nearby Pullen Park, which allowed Black Americans into the park and to picnic there but barred them from using the swimming pool and other facilities. [6] On its opening day, Chavis Park attracted crowds of visitors, and it continued to regularly attract visitors from all over Eastern North Carolina during segregation. [7]
Chavis Park was designed by G. Robert Derick, a National Park Service landscape architect, who chose rustic, natural materials with the goal of blending the natural with the manmade, reflecting the design movement of the era that historians dub "parkitechture". [6] He chose roughly coursed, brown and tan stone exteriors for the amphitheater and for the park's two bridges which cross a small stream as well as exposed, rough-log shelter frames which blended with the park's mature-canopy trees. The park featured a historic, Allan Herschell carousel, a pool, a bathhouse, [7] and simple picnic shelters. Soon afterwards, fields for track and baseball were added to the park. [6]
After Raleigh was desegregated, the park underwent several renovations:
Although the City of Raleigh has made and plans to continue to make improvements to the park, [8] some express dismay that the former community jewel has not received the renovations they feel it deserves as a symbol of Raleigh's African American heritage. [3] [9] The old community center was demolished. The new community center was completed in June 2021 and will be dedicated to John Chavis. [10] The new facility had its dedication ceremony on June 12, 2021. [11]
The main attraction at Chavis Park is its early 20th-century carousel.
The Chavis Park Carousel, a No. 2, Special Three-Abreast, Allan Herschell Carousel, showcases a Wurlitzer 146A band organ, oil paintings of waterfalls and other natural scenes, and thirty-six jumping, hand-carved, hand-painted horses. [1] The carousel was designed circa 1913 and was bought for the park for $4,000 in 1937. [1] Like the nearby Pullen Park Carousel, it is one of fewer than three hundred remaining of its kind. [12] The carousel is stop number sixteen on Raleigh's Historic Capital City Trail. [13]
Chavis Park has several indoor and outdoor spaces available to the public and for rent. In addition a playground, tennis courts, and a pool, the park offers a community center, picnic shelters, a gymnasium, a lit, outdoor track, a fitness center, and a game room. A half-mile of Raleigh's Capital Area Greenway traverses the park via Little Rock Trail.
John Chavis Memorial Park meets several criteria to be listed as part of the National Register of Historic Places.
Chavis Park meets:
According to the National Park Service, the park's historical period of significance ranges from 1937 to 1965. [2]
Raleigh is the capital city of the U.S. state of North Carolina and the seat of Wake County. It is the second-most populous city in North Carolina, after Charlotte. Raleigh is the tenth-most populous city in the Southeast, the 41st-most populous city in the U.S., and the largest city of the Research Triangle metro area. Raleigh is known as the "City of Oaks" for its many oak trees, which line the streets in the heart of the city. The city covers a land area of 148.54 square miles (384.7 km2). The U.S. Census Bureau counted the city's population as 467,665 at the 2020 census. It is one of the fastest-growing cities in the United States. It is ranked as a sufficiency-level world city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. The city of Raleigh is named after Sir Walter Raleigh, who established the now-lost Roanoke Colony in present-day Dare County.
Wake County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 1,129,410, making it North Carolina's most populous county. From July 2005 to July 2006, Wake County was the 9th-fastest growing county in the United States, with Cary and Raleigh being the 8th- and 15th-fastest growing communities, respectively.
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The Allan Herschell Company was a company that specialized in the creation of amusement rides, particularly carousels and roller coasters. The company manufactured portable machines that could be used by traveling carnival operators. It was started in 1915 in the town of North Tonawanda, just outside Buffalo, New York, USA.
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The Allan Herschell 3-Abreast Carousel is a carousel built in 1916 by the Allan Herschell Company. The carousel features 35 hand-carved jumping wooden horses and two hand-carved chariots which serve as benches. The carousel is one of only four large carousels made by the Allan Herschell Company between 1915 and 1927; in addition, the horses on the outer rim feature gentle faces and detailed, deep woodwork, making them a rarity among the company's designs.
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