Joseph DeRisi

Last updated
Joseph DeRisi
Joseph DeRisi 2021.jpg
Nationality American
Alma mater Stanford University, University of California, Santa Cruz
Known forViroChip, work on identifying SARS virus, gene expression in Plasmodium falciparum
Scientific career
Fields Biology
Institutions University of California, San Francisco Howard Hughes Medical Institute
Thesis The Analysis of whole genome gene expression in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.  (1999)
Doctoral advisor Patrick O. Brown

Joseph Lyman DeRisi is an American biochemist, specializing in molecular biology, parasitology, genomics, virology, and computational biology.

Contents

Early life and education

DeRisi was raised in Carmichael, California, where he graduated from Del Campo High School. [1] He received a B.A. in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology in 1992 from the University of California, Santa Cruz. [2]

DeRisi earned his Ph.D. in biochemistry from Stanford University in 1999. Working in the laboratory of Patrick O. Brown, he developed methods for the production and use of DNA microarrays in molecular biology, and his thesis was a genome-wide expression analysis of the budding yeast S. cerevisiae . [3] [4] [5] Upon graduation, DeRisi accepted a position as a Sandler Fellow at the University of California San Francisco. [2] [6]

Career and research

DeRisi has been a faculty member of the UCSF biochemistry and biophysics department since 1999. As of 2022 he is a professor of biochemistry and biophysics and is also the director of UCSF's Sandler Program for Breakthrough Biomedical Research. [2] [6]

DeRisi is known for printing the first whole-genome expression array, [7] performing the first broad analysis of differential gene expression in cancer cells, [8] profiling gene expression throughout the lifecycle of the malaria-causing protozoan Plasmodium falciparum , [9] genomic characterization of the SARS-CoV-1 virus, [10] and pioneering virus discovery using gene hybridization arrays and DNA sequencing technologies. [11]

In his early career, DeRisi was a pioneer of microarrays, and designed and built both hardware and software for microarrays. He was a proponent of open access to microarray technology, [5] and maintained a website with software and protocols for microarray operations. [4] He is also a proponent of open access publishing. [12]

In 2002, DeRisi and his research collaborator David Wang developed the ViroChip, a DNA microarray that could be used to rapidly identify viruses in a sample of blood or tissue. [13] He used the tool to help identify the SARS-CoV-1 virus in 2003. In 2004, DeRisi was named a MacArthur fellow for his work with ViroChip and genomic diagnostic techniques. [12] [14]

DeRisi became a Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) investigator in 2005, and received financial support from HHMI for his research. [6] [15] He remained an investigator until 2016. [16]

DeRisi and his colleagues employ metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for applications including to identify the causal agents in cases of infectious encephalitis and meningitis and to discriminate between autoimmune and infectious causes, diagnosing cases that are difficult to decipher using traditional clinical laboratory techniques. [13] [17] Using metagenomic sequencing, DeRisi has identified disease-causing viruses in humans, and in animals ranging from parrots and cockatiels to honeybees and boa constrictors. [13] [18] He and a research partner, Don Ganem, have identified a parasite, Nosema ceranae , that appears to be responsible for colony collapse among honeybees. [19] He has also de-bunked the relation of viruses to certain subsets of human cancer. [20]

DeRisi and his colleague Dr. Michael Wilson used a phage display to screen antibody samples from patients with autoimmune symptoms against a library of human proteins, allowing them to identify a cancer-associated autoantigen that is the cause of the symptoms. [20] [21]

DeRisi’s lab at UCSF also conducts research to understand the genetics of the malaria-causing pathogen Plasmodium falciparum , the causative agent of the most deadly form of human malaria. [12] [22] DeRisi's group has developed candidate drugs to cure malaria. [23] In 2011, the group determined the function of the apicoplast, a unique organelle in apicomplexans, identifying the target of an anti-malarial drug that was a preclinical candidate. [24] [25]

In 2016, DeRisi became the co-president of the newly established CZ Biohub, alongside Stephen Quake. [26] After joining CZ Biohub, DeRisi established a team of developers to create a cloud-based metagenomic diagnostic platform based on code from his lab at UCSF. The platform, then named IDSeq, was initially launched for testing by a small group in 2018. [27] [17] The development and computing costs were backed by the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative and CZ Biohub. [17] The platform is used to rapidly identify pathogens from metagenomic sequencing data, [28] and as of 2022 is known as CZ-ID. [29]

In 2020, early in the COVID-19 pandemic, DeRisi led a team that turned an empty lab space adjacent to the CZ Biohub into a CLIA-certified COVID-19 testing facility in eight days. [30] [31] CLIAhub became one of the nation's leading COVID-19 testing centers, processing thousands of tests per day and becoming a model for the nation. [32] [33] [34] DeRisi’s early warning of the pandemic and development of rapid testing technology was documented by Michael Lewis in his book The Premonition: A Pandemic Story. [35] [36] At the same time, DeRisi became an active proponent of developing a national COVID-19 surveillance system to identify and monitor mutations in the COVID-19 virus. [37] [38] [33]

Awards and honors

And Membership in scientific organizations would contain:

Related Research Articles

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References

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  2. 1 2 3 4 "Sandler Program for Breakthrough Biomedical Research: Our Leadership". UCSF Sandler Program for Breakthrough Biomedical Research. Retrieved 2022-10-28.
  3. ↑ DeRisi, Joseph L. (1999). The Analysis of whole genome gene expression in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. SearchWorks Stanford (Thesis). OCLC   80580640 . Retrieved 2022-10-18.
  4. 1 2 Kahn, Jennifer (2006-12-02). "New Chips on the Block" (PDF). The Economist Technology Quarterly. Retrieved 2022-10-12.
  5. 1 2 Adams, Amy. "PhD alum Joe DeRisi brings innovation to the masses". Stanford Medicine Magazine. Vol. Summer 2002. Retrieved 2022-10-18.
  6. 1 2 3 Hopkin, Karen (2005-11-20). "SARS, Malaria, and the Microarray". The Scientist Magazine. Retrieved 2022-10-17.
  7. ↑ DeRisi, JL; Iyer, VR; Brown, PO (1997). "Exploring the metabolic and genetic control of gene expression on a genomic scale". Science. 278 (5338): 680–6. Bibcode:1997Sci...278..680D. CiteSeerX   10.1.1.335.7937 . doi:10.1126/science.278.5338.680. PMID   9381177.
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  19. ↑ "UCSF Sleuths Identify Suspects in Mystery of Vanishing Honeybees". UCSF.com. 25 April 2007. Retrieved October 28, 2022.
  20. 1 2 Allday, Erin (July 15, 2019). "Rare disease discovery: Antibodies fighting cancer go on to attack brain". sfchronicle.com. Retrieved May 1, 2021.
  21. ↑ Mandel-Brehm, Caleigh; Dubey, Divyanshu; Kryzer, Thomas J.; O’Donovan, Brian D.; Tran, Baouyen; Vazquez, Sara E.; Sample, Hannah A.; Zorn, Kelsey C.; Khan, Lillian M.; Bledsoe, Ian O.; McKeon, Andrew; Pleasure, Samuel J.; Lennon, Vanda A.; DeRisi, Joseph L.; Wilson, Michael R.; Pittock, Sean J. (2019-07-04). "Kelch-like Protein 11 Antibodies in Seminoma-Associated Paraneoplastic Encephalitis". New England Journal of Medicine. 381 (1): 47–54. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1816721. ISSN   0028-4793. PMC   6800027 . PMID   31269365 . Retrieved 2022-11-01.
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  24. ↑ Palca, Joe (2011-08-30). "A Remnant From Algae In Malaria Parasite May Prove Its Weakness". NPR. Retrieved 2022-11-01.
  25. ↑ Yeh, Ellen; DeRisi, Joseph L. (2011-08-30). "Chemical Rescue of Malaria Parasites Lacking an Apicoplast Defines Organelle Function in Blood-Stage Plasmodium falciparum". PLOS Biology. 9 (8): –1001138. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001138 . ISSN   1545-7885. PMC   3166167 . PMID   21912516.
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  29. ↑ Mick, Eran; Tsitsiklis, Alexandra; Spottiswoode, Natasha; Caldera, Saharai; Serpa, Paula Hayakawa; Detweiler, Angela M.; Neff, Norma; Pisco, Angela Oliveira; Li, Lucy M.; Retallack, Hanna; Ratnasiri, Kalani; Williamson, Kayla M.; Soesanto, Victoria; Simões, Eric A. F.; Smith, Christiana; Abuogi, Lisa; Kistler, Amy; Wagner, Brandie D.; DeRisi, Joseph L.; Ambroggio, Lilliam; Mourani, Peter M.; Langelier, Charles R. (2022-07-08). "Upper airway gene expression shows a more robust adaptive immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in children". Nature Communications. 13 (1): 3937. Bibcode:2022NatCo..13.3937M. doi:10.1038/s41467-022-31600-0. ISSN   2041-1723. PMC   9263813 . PMID   35803954.
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  33. 1 2 Lewis, Michael (June 21, 2020). "The New Weapon in the Covid-19 War". bloomberg.com. Retrieved May 1, 2021.
  34. ↑ Lewis, Michael (April 7, 2020). "In Berkeley, Hunting Toilet Paper and Dodging Hikers". bloomberg.com. Retrieved May 1, 2021.
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  39. ↑ "John J. Carty Award for the Advancement of Science". National Academy of Sciences. 2014. Retrieved 2022-11-18.
  40. ↑ "California Academy of Sciences Welcomes New Fellows, Bestows Annual Awards". calacademy.org. October 4, 2013. Retrieved May 1, 2021.
  41. ↑ "65 Fellows Elected into the American Academy of Microbiology". asm.org. February 16, 2021. Retrieved May 1, 2021.
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  44. ↑ Bai, Nina (October 17, 2016). "3 UCSF Faculty Elected to the National Academy of Medicine for 2016". ucsf.edu. Retrieved May 1, 2021.
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