Joseph Kost

Last updated
Joseph Kost
Joseph Kost Profile Picture.jpg
BornJanuary 15, 1947
NationalityIsraeli
Alma mater Technion - Israel Institute of Technology
Scientific career
Fields Chemical Engineering Biomedical Engineering
Institutions Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
Doctoral advisor Moshe Narkis
Other academic advisorsRobert Langer
Website http://in.bgu.ac.il/en/iki/fta/Pages/JosephKost.aspx

Joseph Kost (born January 15, 1947) is an Israeli academic, currently holder of The Abraham and Bessie Zacks Chair in Biomedical Engineering and the past Dean of the Faculty of Engineering Sciences at the Ben-Gurion University of the Negev.

Contents

Early career

Kost completed undergraduate training in 1973, and obtained his M.Sc. in 1975, both at the Department of Chemical Engineering, D.Sc. in 1981 at the Department of Biomedical Engineering at the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology. He obtained his MBA in 2004 at the Ben-Gurion University School of Business Administration. He completed three years of Post-Doctoral training at the University of Washington, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Kost credits Bob Langer from MIT as an outstanding role model.

Contribution to Biomedical Science

Kost has made significant contributions to the field of Biomedical Sciences. Coming from an engineering background, Kost has offered creative and unorthodox solutions to the field of drug delivery and non-invasive diagnostics. [1] He has pioneered new medical technologies for disease management and was one of the pioneers developing artificial pancreas, studying polymeric system sensitive to glucose, and the entrapment of bone and Langerhans cells. [2] [3] [4] Dr. Kost was the first to propose the ultrasonically modulated systems in which the release of drugs, from polymers or through synthetic or biological membranes, can be repeatedly modulated at will from a position external to the delivery system. [5] His research impacts treatment of various diseases, including pain, diabetes, cardio-vascular diseases, and infectious diseases. Kost contributions are particularly noteworthy in the field of transdermal drug delivery. Transdermal drug delivery (through the skin) offers an attractive alternative to needles for systemic drug administration. However, the low permeability of the skin limits its applicability. Kost has come up with creative ways to open the skin for drug delivery without compromising safety. The approach is painless, non-intrusive, and a patient-friendly method for drug delivery. In 2004 the FDA approved Kost's and coworker's application for ultrasound based system for fast acting topical anesthetic. [6] [7] At that year Popular Science awarded the ultrasound system GRAND AWARD for “Best of What’s New”.

Based on the comprehensive studies of the ultrasound effect on mass transport, [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] Kost proposed the use of the enhanced skin transport in the opposite direction to delivery, for the non-invasive continuous detection of blood analytes. The major focus has been the development of a non-invasive continuous detection of glucose. The first clinical study on diabetic volunteers was published by Kost et al. in Nature Medicine 2000. [15] Since, Kost also proposed a novel approach for a glucose flux continuous biosensor and noninvasive detection of amniotic fluid for prenatal testing. [16] [17] [18] Additional applications studied by Kost are the use of ultrasound for on-demand targeted delivery of drugs from liposomes, [19] [20] [21] combined ultrasonic and enzymatic debridement of necrotic eschars [22] and the use of ultrasound for more efficient cancer gene therapy. [23] [24] Nowadays, he study gene therapy approach for the treatment of psoriasis. The focus in these studies is on the effect of ultrasound on transport through tissues of no viral carriers developed by Kost complexed with miRNA. In addition to his studies on responsive controlled release systems: pH sensitive, glucose sensitive and calcium sensitive drug delivery [25] [26] Kost also developed a novel injectable delivery system to provide the body with a steady supply of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor. [27] [28] The system is based on the principle that a water insoluble polymer, dissolved in a biocompatible solvent, will participate upon contact with physiological fluids. [29] In 2012 a collaborative project entitled “Bio-inspired Nano-carriers for Sub-Cellular Targeted Therapeutics” of eleven research groups from Ben-Gurion University, Weizmann Institute of Science and The Hebrew University, led by Prof. Kost was approved in the framework of the National 5-year Nano-Science and Technology Program. The goal has been to study the intracellular transport phenomena in attempt to develop approaches for intracellular targeting of drugs for the treatment of cancer, diabetes, autophagy and obesity.

Prof. Joseph Kost Joseph Kost Picture.jpg
Prof. Joseph Kost

At the Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Kost was the Head of the Center for Biomedical Engineering 1988-1993, and Head of the Program for Biotechnology Engineering from 1993 to 1995. These have been major centers for bioengineering research at the Ben-Gurion University. Head of the Department of Chemical Engineering 2010-2011 and since 2011 Dean of the Faculty of Engineering Sciences (11 Engineering Departments 5 Units 190 Professors and more than 5000 students) Kost was one of the pioneers who started the Journal Tissue Engineering and has served on its Editorial Board since its inception in 1994; also served on the Board of Biomaterials and the Journal of Controlled Release , and continues serving on Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics, Reviews in Chemical Engineering, Recent Patents on Endocrine Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery, Recent Patents on Drug Delivery & Formulation and Open Pharmacology Journal. He has published four books, 37 book chapters, 113 papers, and more than 55 patents, principally in the area of Bio-Engineering Sciences. In 1995 Kost founded the Israeli Society for Controlled Delivery of Bio-Materials (more than 300 members), which is also the Israeli chapter of the International Controlled Release Society and was elected as its first President.

Awards and honors

1996 Juludan Prize for Outstanding Scientific Research Achievements, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology.

1996 President of the Israel Society for Controlled Delivery of Bio-Materials and the Israeli Chapter of the Controlled Release Society (1996-1998).

1998 Fellow of the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering.

1998 Clemson Award for Applied Research in Recognition of the Outstanding Contributions to Applied Biomaterials Research, Society for Biomaterials.

2004 Popular Science announced SonoPrep as the best new product for "personal health". (SonoPrep technology has been invented and developed by Kost and coworkers).

2005 Jacqueline Seroussi 2005 Award for Cancer Research in recognition of the project entitled: Ultrasound for efficient non-viral sustained gene therapy of breast cancer.

2006 President of the Israel Institute of Chemical Engineers.

2007 Elected a Foreign Member of the US National Academy of Engineering (NAE) for discoveries that led to ultrasonic drug release and self-regulated drug delivery systems.

2008 President's Prize for Outstanding Scientific Achievements, Ben-Gurion University.

2010 Incumbent of the Abraham and Bessie Zacks Chair in Biomedical Engineering.

2012 Honorary Fellow of the Israel Institute of Chemical Engineers.

2014 Induction into the Controlled Release Society College of Fellows.

2015 Elected a Member of The Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities.

2016 Ben-Gurion University Distinguished Professor.

2016 The Israeli Chapter of the Controlled Release Society Award for Outstanding Achievement in Drug Delivery, in recognition of his pioneering work in the field of Ultrasound-Based Drug Delivery Systems.

Related Research Articles

Iontophoresis is a process of transdermal drug delivery by use of a voltage gradient on the skin. Molecules are transported across the stratum corneum by electrophoresis and electroosmosis and the electric field can also increase the permeability of the skin. These phenomena, directly and indirectly, constitute active transport of matter due to an applied electric current. The transport is measured in units of chemical flux, commonly μmol/(cm2*hour). Iontophoresis has experimental, therapeutic and diagnostic applications.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dendrimer</span> Highly ordered, branched polymeric molecule

Dendrimers are highly ordered, branched polymeric molecules. Synonymous terms for dendrimer include arborols and cascade molecules. Typically, dendrimers are symmetric about the core, and often adopt a spherical three-dimensional morphology. The word dendron is also encountered frequently. A dendron usually contains a single chemically addressable group called the focal point or core. The difference between dendrons and dendrimers is illustrated in the top figure, but the terms are typically encountered interchangeably.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Robert S. Langer</span> American scientist

Robert Samuel Langer Jr. FREng is an American chemical engineer, scientist, entrepreneur, inventor and one of the twelve Institute Professors at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PLGA</span> Copolymer of varying ratios of polylactic acid and polyglycolic acid

PLGA, PLG, or poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) is a copolymer which is used in a host of Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved therapeutic devices, owing to its biodegradability and biocompatibility. PLGA is synthesized by means of ring-opening co-polymerization of two different monomers, the cyclic dimers (1,4-dioxane-2,5-diones) of glycolic acid and lactic acid. Polymers can be synthesized as either random or block copolymers thereby imparting additional polymer properties. Common catalysts used in the preparation of this polymer include tin(II) 2-ethylhexanoate, tin(II) alkoxides, or aluminum isopropoxide. During polymerization, successive monomeric units are linked together in PLGA by ester linkages, thus yielding a linear, aliphatic polyester as a product.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Drug delivery</span> Methods for delivering drugs to target sites

Drug delivery refers to approaches, formulations, manufacturing techniques, storage systems, and technologies involved in transporting a pharmaceutical compound to its target site to achieve a desired therapeutic effect. Principles related to drug preparation, route of administration, site-specific targeting, metabolism, and toxicity are used to optimize efficacy and safety, and to improve patient convenience and compliance. Drug delivery is aimed at altering a drug's pharmacokinetics and specificity by formulating it with different excipients, drug carriers, and medical devices. There is additional emphasis on increasing the bioavailability and duration of action of a drug to improve therapeutic outcomes. Some research has also been focused on improving safety for the person administering the medication. For example, several types of microneedle patches have been developed for administering vaccines and other medications to reduce the risk of needlestick injury.

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Sonophoresis is a method that utilizes ultrasound to enhance the delivery of topical medications through the stratum corneum, to the epidermis and dermis. Sonophoresis allows for the enhancement of the permeability of the skin along with other modalities, such as iontophoresis, to deliver drugs with lesser side effects. Currently, sonophoresis is used widely in transdermal drug delivery, but has potential applications in other sectors of drug delivery, such as the delivery of drugs to the eye and brain.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Invasomes</span> Drug delivery method, transdermal drug delivery

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References

  1. ↑ Mitragotri, Samir; Kost, Joseph (2000-01-01). "Low-Frequency Sonophoresis: A Noninvasive Method of Drug Delivery and Diagnostics". Biotechnology Progress. 16 (3): 488–492. doi:10.1021/bp000024+. ISSN   1520-6033. PMID   10835253. S2CID   40491405.
  2. ↑ Kost, Joseph; Horbett, Thomas A.; Ratner, Buddy D.; Singh, Manindar (1985-11-01). "Glucose-sensitive membranes containing glucose oxidase: Activity, swelling, and permeability studies". Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. 19 (9): 1117–1133. doi:10.1002/jbm.820190920. ISSN   1097-4636. PMID   3910652.
  3. ↑ Goldraich, Marganit; Kost, Joseph (1993). "Glucose-sensitive polymeric matrices for controlled drug delivery". Clinical Materials. 13 (1–4): 135–142. doi:10.1016/0267-6605(93)90100-l. PMID   10146247.
  4. ↑ Traitel, Tamar; Cohen, Yachin; Kost, Joseph (2000-08-01). "Characterization of glucose-sensitive insulin release systems in simulated in vivo conditions". Biomaterials. 21 (16): 1679–1687. doi:10.1016/S0142-9612(00)00050-8. PMID   10905409.
  5. ↑ Kost, J.; Leong, K.; Langer, R. (1989-10-01). "Ultrasound-enhanced polymer degradation and release of incorporated substances". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 86 (20): 7663–7666. Bibcode:1989PNAS...86.7663K. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.20.7663 . ISSN   0027-8424. PMC   298130 . PMID   2813349.
  6. ↑ Levy, D; Kost, J; Meshulam, Y; Langer, R (1989-06-01). "Effect of ultrasound on transdermal drug delivery to rats and guinea pigs". Journal of Clinical Investigation. 83 (6): 2074–2078. doi:10.1172/JCI114119. ISSN   0021-9738. PMC   303933 . PMID   2498396.
  7. ↑ Azagury, Aharon; Khoury, Luai; Enden, Giora; Kost, Joseph (2014-06-15). "Ultrasound mediated transdermal drug delivery". Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews. Ultrasound triggered drug delivery. 72: 127–143. doi:10.1016/j.addr.2014.01.007. PMID   24463344.
  8. ↑ Mitragotri, Samir; Kost, Joseph (2001-08-01). "Transdermal Delivery of Heparin and Low-Molecular Weight Heparin Using Low-Frequency Ultrasound". Pharmaceutical Research. 18 (8): 1151–1156. doi:10.1023/A:1010979010907. ISSN   0724-8741. PMID   11587487. S2CID   25648325.
  9. ↑ Terahara, T; Mitragotri, S; Kost, J; Langer, R (2002-03-20). "Dependence of low-frequency sonophoresis on ultrasound parameters; distance of the horn and intensity". International Journal of Pharmaceutics. 235 (1–2): 35–42. doi:10.1016/S0378-5173(01)00981-4. PMID   11879737.
  10. ↑ Mitragotri, Samir; Kost, Joseph (2004-03-27). "Low-frequency sonophoresis: A review". Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews. Breaking the Skin Barrier. 56 (5): 589–601. doi:10.1016/j.addr.2003.10.024. PMID   15019748.
  11. ↑ Lavon, Ilana; Grossman, Nili; Kost, Joseph; Kimmel, Eitan; Enden, Giora (2007-02-12). "Bubble growth within the skin by rectified diffusion might play a significant role in sonophoresis". Journal of Controlled Release. 117 (2): 246–255. doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2006.10.027. PMID   17197050.
  12. ↑ Wolloch, Lior; Kost, Joseph (2010-12-01). "The importance of microjet vs shock wave formation in sonophoresis". Journal of Controlled Release. 148 (2): 204–211. doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2010.07.106. PMID   20655341.
  13. ↑ Park, Hyoungshin; Yip, Michael C.; Chertok, Beata; Kost, Joseph; Kobler, James B.; Langer, Robert; Zeitels, Steven M.; Gibson, Iain (2010-01-01). "Indirect Low-Intensity Ultrasonic Stimulation for Tissue Engineering". Journal of Tissue Engineering. 1 (1): 973530. doi: 10.4061/2010/973530 . ISSN   2041-7314. PMC   3039491 . PMID   21350648.
  14. ↑ Azagury, Aharon; Khoury, Luai; Enden, Giora; Kost, Joseph (2014-06-15). "Ultrasound mediated transdermal drug delivery". Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews. Ultrasound triggered drug delivery. 72: 127–143. doi:10.1016/j.addr.2014.01.007. PMID   24463344.
  15. ↑ Kost, Joseph; Langer, Robert; Mitragotri, Samir; Gabbay, Robert A.; Pishko, Michael (2000-03-01). "Transdermal monitoring of glucose and other analytes using ultrasound". Nature Medicine. 6 (3): 347–350. doi:10.1038/73213. ISSN   1078-8956. PMID   10700240. S2CID   31949252.
  16. ↑ Kost, Joseph (2011). Frenkel, V (ed.). Sonophoresis. Nova Science. pp. 165–183.
  17. ↑ Azagury, Aharon; Amar-Lewis, Eliz; Mann, Ella; Goldbart, Riki; Traitel, Tamar; Jelinek, Raz; Hallak, Mordechai; Kost, Joseph (2014-06-10). "A novel approach for noninvasive drug delivery and sensing through the amniotic sac". Journal of Controlled Release. 183: 105–113. doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.03.040. PMID   24685707.
  18. ↑ Azagury, Aharon; Khoury, Luai; Adato, Yair; Wolloch, Lior; Ariel, Ilana; Hallak, Mordechai; Kost, Joseph (2015-02-28). "The synergistic effect of ultrasound and chemical penetration enhancers on chorioamnion mass transport". Journal of Controlled Release. 200: 35–41. doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.12.025. PMID   25540905.
  19. ↑ Schroeder, Avi; Avnir, Yuval; Weisman, Sarah; Najajreh, Yousef; Gabizon, Alberto; Talmon, Yeshayahu; Kost, Joseph; Barenholz, Yechezkel (2007-03-01). "Controlling Liposomal Drug Release with Low Frequency Ultrasound: Mechanism and Feasibility". Langmuir. 23 (7): 4019–4025. doi:10.1021/la0631668. ISSN   0743-7463. PMID   17319706.
  20. ↑ Schroeder, Avi; Honen, Reuma; Turjeman, Keren; Gabizon, Alberto; Kost, Joseph; Barenholz, Yechezkel (2009-07-01). "Ultrasound triggered release of cisplatin from liposomes in murine tumors". Journal of Controlled Release. 137 (1): 63–68. doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2009.03.007. PMID   19303426.
  21. ↑ Isaac, O.; Thiemer, K. (1975-09-01). "[Biochemical studies on camomile components/III. In vitro studies about the antipeptic activity of (--)-alpha-bisabolol (author's transl)]". Arzneimittel-Forschung. 25 (9): 1352–1354. ISSN   0004-4172. PMID   21.
  22. ↑ Gurfinkel, Reuven; Lavon, Ilana; Cagnano, Emanuela; Volgin, Kosta; Shaltiel, Lior; Grossman, Nili; Kost, Joseph; Singer, Adam J.; Rosenberg, Lior (2009). "Combined Ultrasonic and Enzymatic Debridement of Necrotic Eschars in an Animal Model". Journal of Burn Care & Research. 30 (3): 505–513. doi:10.1097/BCR.0b013e3181a28d89. PMID   19349883. S2CID   3680526.
  23. ↑ Amar-Lewis, Eliz; Azagury, Aharon; Chintakunta, Ramesh; Goldbart, Riki; Traitel, Tamar; Prestwood, Jackson; Landesman-Milo, Dalit; Peer, Dan; Kost, Joseph (2014-07-10). "Quaternized starch-based carrier for siRNA delivery: From cellular uptake to gene silencing". Journal of Controlled Release. 185: 109–120. doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.04.031. PMID   24794893.
  24. ↑ Azagury, Aharon; Amar-Lewis, Eliz; Yudilevitch, Yana; Isaacson, Carol; Laster, Brenda; Kost, Joseph (2016-07-01). "Ultrasound Effect on Cancerous versus Non-Cancerous Cells". Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology. 42 (7): 1560–1567. doi:10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2016.02.005. ISSN   0301-5629. PMID   27067417.
  25. ↑ Kost, Joseph; Langer, Robert (2012-12-01). "Responsive polymeric delivery systems". Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews. MOST CITED PAPERS IN THE HISTORY OF ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS: A TRIBUTE TO THE 25TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE JOURNAL. 64, Supplement: 327–341. doi:10.1016/j.addr.2012.09.014.
  26. ↑ Goldbart, Riki; Kost, Joseph (1999-09-01). "Calcium Responsive Bioerodible Drug Delivery System". Pharmaceutical Research. 16 (9): 1483–1486. doi:10.1023/A:1018927815015. ISSN   0724-8741. PMID   10496669. S2CID   39850673.
  27. ↑ Eliaz, R.; Wallach, D.; Kost, J. (1996-06-01). "Long-term protection against the effects of tumour necrosis factor by controlled delivery of the soluble p55 TNF receptor". Cytokine. 8 (6): 482–487. doi:10.1006/cyto.1996.0065. ISSN   1043-4666. PMID   8818545.
  28. ↑ Eliaz, Rom E.; Kost, Joseph (2000-06-05). "Characterization of a polymeric PLGA-injectable implant delivery system for the controlled release of proteins". Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. 50 (3): 388–396. doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(20000605)50:3<388::aid-jbm13>3.0.co;2-f. ISSN   1097-4636. PMID   10737881.
  29. ↑ Eliaz, Rom E.; Wallach, David; Kost, Joseph (2000-12-01). "Delivery of Soluble Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor from In-Situ Forming PLGA Implants: In-Vivo". Pharmaceutical Research. 17 (12): 1546–1550. doi:10.1023/A:1007621512647. ISSN   0724-8741. PMID   11303966. S2CID   34910555.
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