KAHRP

Last updated
Knob-associated histidine-rich protein
Identifiers
Organism Plasmodium falciparum
Symbol?
UniProt P09346
Search for
Structures Swiss-model
Domains InterPro
EMP3-KAHRP-like N-terminal domain
Identifiers
SymbolEKAL
Pfam PF17986
InterPro IPR040805
Available protein structures:
Pfam   structures / ECOD  
PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum structure summary
EMP3 refers to "Erythrocyte membrane protein 3." It is likely a misnomer, as no reported PfEMP3 sequences contain this domain. PfEMP3 is arranged next to KAHRP in the P. falciparum genome, a probable cause of misidentification.

KAHRP (knob-associated histidine-rich protein) is a protein expressed by Plasmodium falciparum infecting erythrocytes. KAHRP is a major component of knobs, feature found on Plasmodium falciparum infected erythrocytes.

It has been suggested that KAHRP may play a role in trafficking or docking PfEMP1, major malarial cytoadherence protein to the erythrocyte membrane; [1] however, these findings were disputed by recent NMR and fluorescence anisotropy studies showing no interaction between PfEMP1 and KAHRP. [2]

Instead, KAHRP was shown to interact with Ankyrin, more precisely the D3 subunit of the Membrane-binding domain of Ankyrin type 1. [3] This interaction was suggested via SPR, ELISA, and Pulldown studies, however, it has not been confirmed by NMR, ITC, crystallography, or fluorescence anisotropy.[ citation needed ]

References

  1. ↑ Maier AG, Cooke BM, Cowman AF, Tilley L (May 2009). "Malaria parasite proteins that remodel the host erythrocyte". Nature Reviews. Microbiology. 7 (5): 341–54. doi:10.1038/nrmicro2110. PMID   19369950. S2CID   30624448.
  2. ↑ Mayer C, Slater L, Erat MC, Konrat R, Vakonakis I (March 2012). "Structural analysis of the Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) intracellular domain reveals a conserved interaction epitope". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 287 (10): 7182–9. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M111.330779 . PMC   3293552 . PMID   22249178.
  3. ↑ Weng H, Guo X, Papoin J, Wang J, Coppel R, Mohandas N, An X (January 2014). "Interaction of Plasmodium falciparum knob-associated histidine-rich protein (KAHRP) with erythrocyte ankyrin R is required for its attachment to the erythrocyte membrane". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes. 1838 (1 Pt B): 185–92. doi:10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.09.014. PMC   4403245 . PMID   24090929.
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