Kaldenkirchen | |
---|---|
Coordinates: 51°19′N6°17′E / 51.317°N 6.283°E | |
Country | Germany |
State | North Rhine-Westphalia |
Admin. region | Düsseldorf |
District | Viersen |
Town | Nettetal |
Area | |
• Total | 20.13 km2 (7.77 sq mi) |
Elevation | 40 m (130 ft) |
Population (2020-12-31) [1] | |
• Total | 10,025 |
• Density | 500/km2 (1,300/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
Postal codes | 41334 |
Dialling codes | 02153, 02157, 02158 |
Vehicle registration | VIE |
Kaldenkirchen (Limburgish : Kaldekerke) is a town in North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany, situated close to the Dutch border at Venlo. It is part of the municipality of Nettetal.
The earliest reference to “Caldenkirken” appears in a document dated 1206.
Until 1794 the city belonged to the Duchy of Jülich. After the Congress of Vienna in 1814 Kaldenkirchen lay within the borders of Prussia. In In 1856 King Frederick William IV of Prussia permitted the use of “town” for this city. 1903 the German Emperor Wilhelm II permitted the city arms.
The synagogue was destroyed during the Kristallnacht. The city was evacuated during the last weeks of the Second World War. In 1947 a fire destroyed 90% of the surrounding forest.
In 1961 Kaldenkirchen had a population of 6305, 23% of whom were refugees. On 1 January 1970 Kaldenkirchen became part of the newly founded city of Nettetal. [2]
Families from Kaldenkirchen were among the earliest emigrants to Pennsylvania. In 1683 thirteen German families emigrated on the ship Concord sailing from Rotterdam to Philadelphia. These families were members of the Religious Society of Friends (aka "Quakers") and Mennonites. Most were from the town of Krefeld, but some were from Kaldenkirchen. These thirteen families founded Germantown. [3] Subsequent emigrants from Kaldenkirchen to Germantown included Paulus and Gertrude Kuster, the great-great-great-great-grandparents of U.S. Army colonel George Armstrong Custer.
For more than 150 years the economic life of Kaldenkirchen was characterized by the tobacco industry. At the turn of the century the roof tiles industry was active for some years due to the resources of clay in the Grenzwald (forest bordering Germany and the Netherlands).
As Kaldenkirchen is situated near the border it was an important reloading point with a main customs office and many freight forwarders until 1993. [4] Currently there are various inter-regional companies like the plant nursery Lappen, the producer of sound cards TerraTec, the food company Halal Mekkafood and the German Branch Office of Panini Comics.
Kaldenkirchen has direct access to the autobahn A61 and has three exits. It also has a train station with double-tracked passenger and freight traffic to Venlo/NL and single-tracked traffic to Mönchengladbach.
The main sights are the Catholic Parish Church St. Clemens, [5] the Protestant Church and the Rokoko Pavillon built in the second half of the 18th century. [6] . The manor house Altenhof was almost 500 years the property of Earl of Spee. The nearby Grenzwald is a popular Recreation area and Nature reserve.
Right at the border there is the Sequoiafarm Kaldenkirchen, a precious Arboretum that has been used as a Biological institute for many years and has much historical interest. [7]
The village had its own Stock Car circuit [9] which hosted major international events including the Superstox World Championship in 1975, 1978 and 1987. It also staged the first running of the Stock Saloon World Championship on 19 September 1982. The track was closed at the end of the 1987 racing season.
Nettetal is a municipality in the district of Viersen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is situated in the Lower Rhine region.
Geislingen is a town in the Zollernalbkreis district of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated 4 km northwest of Balingen. The population stands at roughly 6,000. Geislingen includes three smaller towns, Geislingen, Erlaheim, and Binsdorf, all of them growing about 1% per year. The area has been continuously settled since the Stone Age. The first written documentation of Binsdorf came in 834, Geislingen was officially mentioned in 1188. The local economy mixes agriculture with services and small-scale industry. Many residents work in industrial areas south of Stuttgart or in nearby Balingen.
Koblenz Hauptbahnhof is a railway station in the city of Koblenz in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. It is the focal point of rail transport in the Rhine-Moselle-Lahn area. It is a through station in southern Koblenz built below Fort Großfürst Konstantin and opened in 1902 in the Neustadt, which was built after the demolition of the city walls in 1890. The station replaced two former stations on the Left Rhine railway, which were only 900 m (3,000 ft) apart, and the former Moselle line station. Koblenz-Stadtmitte station opened in April 2011 in the old centre of Koblenz. Koblenz Hauptbahnhof is on the West Rhine Railway and connects to the Moselle line, the East Rhine Railway and to the Lahntal railway. It is used daily by about 40,000 travelers and visitors. In the station forecourt are a bus station and a pavilion.
The Twelve Articles were part of the peasants' demands of the Swabian League during the German Peasants' War of 1525. They are considered the first draft of human rights and civil liberties in continental Europe after the Roman Empire. The gatherings in the process of drafting them are considered to be the first constituent assembly on German soil.
August Ritter von Clemm was a German businessman and politician.
The Kaldenkirchen Sequoia Farm is a German arboretum that has been used as a biological institute for many years. Part of the protected area in the city of Nettetal, it is situated in the "Kaldenkirchen Grenzwald". Nettetal lies in the Lower Rhine region of Germany.
Weilheim in Oberbayern is a town in Germany, the capital of the district Weilheim-Schongau in the south of Bavaria. Weilheim has an old city-wall, historic houses and a museum.
Heinz Schilling is a German historian.
Koblenz-Ehrenbreitstein station is the only station on the right (eastern) bank in the city of Koblenz in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. It is on the East Rhine railway at the foot of the Ehrenbreitstein hill in the Ehrenbreitstein district, next to the Rhine.
The Sonneberg, also called the Buchberg, is a hill in the Lusatian Highlands of eastern Germany with a height of 401.0 m above sea level (NN). It is the fourth highest hill in the borough of Neusalza-Spremberg in Saxony, after the Fuchsberg and Hahneberg and an unnamed peak about 600 metres north of the Sonneberg.
Clemens-Brentano-Preis of the city of Heidelberg is a literary prize of Germany. It was established in 1993, and named after the German poet Clemens Brentano (1778–1842). The prize money is €10,000.
The following is a timeline of the history of Koblenz, Germany.
The Old Castle was a former Elector-owned, substantial water castle in the German city of Koblenz, incepted in the 13th century. It is today reduced to the later Burghaus ; which houses the city archives. It sits on tall foundations and has a tall, black slate roof with further floors in the attic and two small cupolas. The lowland castle abutted the remaining building in the old town quarter. The castle house stands tall, next to the Moselle's right-bank towpath downstream of the strategic Baldwin Bridge built in 1342. The bridge, much-repaired, remains intact.
Wilhelm Jannasch was a German Protestant theologian and clergyman.
The Griffin cannon, also called Vogel Greif,, is one of the largest cannons from the 16th century. Since 1984, it has been in display in the Ehrenbreitstein Fortress in Koblenz. The possession of the cannon moved several times between Germany and France and became a symbol of the Franco-German reconciliation.
Herbert Schwarzwälder was a German historian. With his decades of work and his extensive publications, he has had a major influence on the research and communication of the History of the city of Bremen.
The Theater Koblenz is a multi-arts theatre with its own ensembles for drama, music theatre, puppetry and ballet located in Koblenz, Germany. It has about 190 permanent employees from 22 nations and offers 500 seats in a theatre building from the 18th century not far from the Electoral Palace. The manager until the end of the 2024/2025 season is Markus Dietze. Venues include the Theater am Deinhardplatz, rehearsal stages 2 and 4 as well as the Festung Ehrenbreitstein for the summer performances. In addition, the theatre participated in the Koblenz Fortress Plays for several years. In the 2009/2010 season, it was renamed from Theater der Stadt Koblenz to its current name.
Koblenz Charterhouse was a Carthusian monastery, or charterhouse, in Koblenz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It stood on the Beatusberg, a hill that forms the north-easterly tip of the Hunsrück overlooking the city. The site was first occupied by a Benedictine monastery, the Kloster St. Beatusberg, which was closed in 1315, when the monks were replaced by a community of Augustinian Canons until the Carthusians took over the site in 1331.
The German Army Memorial at the Ehrenbreitstein Fortress in Koblenz is a war memorial inaugurated in 1972 on behalf of the modern German Army in honor of German Army soldiers who died in the two world wars. Since 2006 it also serves to honor soldiers of the Bundeswehr who have died in peacetime or in operations abroad. It is one of three Memorials of the Armed Forces for each branch of the Bundeswehr, the others being the Laboe Naval Memorial near Kiel and the Luftwaffe Memorial in Fürstenfeldbruck.