| Kamienice | |
|---|---|
| Settlement | |
  Kamienice | |
| Coordinates: 54°3′25″N19°5′54″E / 54.05694°N 19.09833°E | |
| Country |  |
| Voivodeship | Pomeranian |
| County | Malbork |
| Gmina | Gmina Malbork |
Kamienice [kamjɛˈnit͡sɛ] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Malbork, within Malbork County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. [1] It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) north-east of Malbork and 46 km (29 mi) south-east of the regional capital Gdańsk.
In geography, statistics and archaeology, a settlement, locality or populated place is a community in which people live. The complexity of a settlement can range from a small number of dwellings grouped together to the largest of cities with surrounding urbanized areas. Settlements may include hamlets, villages, towns and cities. A settlement may have known historical properties such as the date or era in which it was first settled, or first settled by particular people.
Gmina Malbork is a rural gmina in Malbork County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is in the town of Malbork, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. Malbork is also the administrative seat or capital of Malbork County.
Malbork County is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Pomeranian Voivodeship, northern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Malbork, 46 kilometres (29 mi) south-east of the regional capital Gdańsk. The only other town in the county is Nowy Staw, lying 12 km (7 mi) north of Malbork. Until 2002, the county also included the areas which now make up Sztum County.
Before 1772 the area was part of Kingdom of Poland, 1772-1919 Prussia and Germany, 1920-1939 Free City of Danzig, September 1939 - February 1945 Nazi Germany. For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania .
The First Partition of Poland took place in 1772 as the first of three partitions that ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by 1795. Growth in the Russian Empire's power, threatening the Kingdom of Prussia and the Habsburg Monarchy, was the primary motive behind this first partition. Frederick the Great engineered the partition to prevent Austria, jealous of Russian successes against the Ottoman Empire, from going to war. The weakened Commonwealth's land, including what was already controlled by Russia, was apportioned among its more powerful neighbors—Austria, Russia and Prussia—so as to restore the regional balance of power in Central Europe among those three countries. With Poland unable to effectively defend itself, and with foreign troops already inside the country, the Polish parliament (Sejm) ratified the partition in 1773 during the Partition Sejm convened by the three powers.
The Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, commonly known as the Polish Crown, or, simply, the Crown, is the common name for the historic Late Middle Ages territorial possessions of the King of Poland, including Poland proper. The Polish Crown was at the helm of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1569 to 1795.
The Free City of Danzig was a semi-autonomous city-state that existed between 1920 and 1939, consisting of the Baltic Sea port of Danzig and nearly 200 towns and villages in the surrounding areas. It was created on 15 November 1920 in accordance with the terms of Article 100 of the 1919 Treaty of Versailles after the end of World War I.
