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Kreis Labiau was a district in East Prussia that existed from 1818 to 1945. It was located on the southeastern coast of the Curonian Lagoon and had the town of Labiau as its capital.
Since the East Prussian district reform of 1752, the largest part of the area of the future Labiau district belonged to the Tapiau district, which included Labiau, Tapiau and Taplacken. [1] [2] As part of the Prussian administrative reforms, the “Ordinance for Improved Establishment of the Provincial Authorities” of 30 April 1815 resulted in the need for a comprehensive district reform in all of East Prussia, as the districts established in 1752 had proven to be inexpedient and too large. On 1 February 1818 the new district of Labiau was formed from the northern part of the Tapiau district in the Königsberg Region of the Prussian province of East Prussia.
Since 1871, the district belonged to the German Reich. In the spring of 1945, the district was occupied by the Red Army and then came under Soviet administration.
In October 1948, Germans were expelled. According to reports, Germans were gven 20 minutes to pack all their belongings and leave their homes. [3]
Today this territory belongs to the Kaliningrad Oblast in Russia.
According to the Prussian census of 1867, the Labiau district had a population of 50,467, of which 39,225 (77.7%) were Germans and 11,242 (22.3%) were Lithuanians. [4]
East Prussia was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1772 to 1829 and again from 1878 ; following World War I it formed part of the Weimar Republic's Free State of Prussia, until 1945. Its capital city was Königsberg. East Prussia was the main part of the region of Prussia along the southeastern Baltic Coast.
The Marienwerder Region was a government region (Regierungsbezirk) of Prussia from 1815 until 1920 and again 1939-1945. It was a part of the Province of West Prussia from 1815 to 1829, and again 1878–1920, belonging to the Province of Prussia in the intervening years, and to the Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia in the years 1939-1945. The regional capital was Marienwerder in West Prussia.
Mrągowo is a resort town in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship of northeastern Poland, with 21,889 inhabitants (2019). It is the capital of Mrągowo County and the seat the Gmina Mrągowo. The town is located in the historical region of Masuria, within the Masurian Lake District, about 60 km (37 mi) east of Olsztyn.
The evacuation of East Prussia was the movement of German civilian population and military personnel from East Prussia between 20 January and March 1945, that was initially organized and carried out by state authorities but quickly turned into a chaotic flight from the Red Army.
Johannes Voigt was a German historian born in Bettenhausen, which today is situated in the district of Schmalkalden-Meiningen.
The German evacuation from Central and Eastern Europe ahead of the Soviet Red Army advance during the Second World War was delayed until the last moment. Plans to evacuate people to present-day Germany from the territories controlled by Nazi Germany in Central and Eastern Europe, including from the former eastern territories of Germany as well as occupied territories, were prepared by the German authorities only when the defeat was inevitable, which resulted in utter chaos. The evacuation in most of the Nazi-occupied areas began in January 1945, when the Red Army was already rapidly advancing westward.
The Danzig Region was a government region, within the Prussian Provinces of West Prussia and Prussia. The regional capital was Danzig (Gdańsk). Prussian government regions were not bodies of regional self-rule of the districts and cities comprised, but shear top-to-down government agencies to apply federal or state law and supervise local entities of self-rules, such as municipalities, rural and urban districts.
The district of Allenstein was a Prussian district in East Prussia, which existed from 1818 to 1945.
Kreis Dirschau was a Prussian district which existed with varying borders from 1772 to 1818 and from 1887 to 1920. In 1920, following World War I the district was ceded by the German Empire partly to Poland and partly to the Free City of Danzig in accordance Treaty of Versailles. From 1939 to 1945 the district in occupied Poland was re-established as part of the wartime Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia. Today the former district is in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship.
The Angerburg district was a Prussian district in East Prussia that was founded in 1818 and existed until 1945. It was located in the Masurian Lake District in Masuria. The town of Angerburg was the capital of the district.
The district of Rosenberg in Westpreußen was a Prussian district that existed from 1818 to 1945. The territory of the district is now located within the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship.
The Stuhm district was a Prussian district that existed between 1818 and 1945. It belonged to the part of West Prussia that remained in the German Reich after World War I and was since part of the province of East Prussia. Today, the territory of the district is located in the Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland.
The Mohrungen district was a district in the southwestern part of the Prussian province of East Prussia. It existed from 1818 to 1945 and belonged to Regierungsbezirk Königsberg. The seat of the district administration was the town of Mohrungen. Prior to this, from 1752 to 1818 there was a Mohrungen district in East Prussia, which however, encompassed a much larger area.
The Darkehmen district was a Prussian district in East Prussia from 1818 to 1945. Its former territory is now divided between the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship of Poland and the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia.
The district of Graudenz was a Prussian district in the administrative region of Marienwerder that existed from 1818 to 1920. It belonged to the province of West Prussia until 1829 and then again from 1878 to 1920. Between 1829 and 1878, it belonged to the Province of Prussia. It was located in the part of West Prussia that fell to Poland after the World War I in 1920 through the Treaty of Versailles. The city of Graudenz, was part of the district until 1900, after which it formed its own independent urban district.
The Neustadt district was a Prussian district that existed from 1818 to 1920. It was in the part of West Prussia that fell to Poland after World War I through the Treaty of Versailles. From 1939 to 1945 the district was re-established in occupied Poland as part of the Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia. Today the area of the former district is in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship.
The Berent district was a Prussian district that existed from 1818 to 1920. It was in the part of West Prussia that fell to Poland after World War I in 1920. Its capital was Berent. From 1939 to 1945, the district was re-established in German-occupied Poland as part of the newly established Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia. Today the territory of the district is located in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship.
The district of Thorn was a Prussian district in the Marienwerder administrative region that existed from 1818 to 1920. It belonged to the province of West Prussia, except for the period from 1829 to 1878 when it was part of the Province of Prussia. Its capital was Thorn. It was in the part of West Prussia that fell to Poland after World War I in 1920 through the Treaty of Versailles. From 1939 to 1945, the district of Thorn was re-established in Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia in occupied Poland. Today, the area of the district is in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland.
The Preußisch Stargard district was a Prussian district that existed from 1772 to 1920 with varying borders. It was in the part of West Prussia that fell to Poland after World War I through the Treaty of Versailles in 1920. Its county seat was Preußisch Stargard. From 1939 to 1945 the district was re-established in German-occupied Poland as part of the newly established Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia. Today the territory of the district is located in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship.
Heilsberg was a district in East Prussia and existed as a Prussian-German district in the period from 1818 to 1945. Due to its affiliation with Warmia, the district had a majority Catholic population, and the Center Party won an absolute majority of votes in elections until 1933. From 1773 to 1818, there had already been a district of Heilsberg in Warmia, which covered a much larger area.
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