LB&SCR C2 class

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LB&SCR C2 class
2436 at Brighton 1948.jpg
C2 class 2436 at Brighton in 1948.
Type and origin
Power typeSteam
Designer R. J. Billinton
rebuilt D. E. Marsh
Builder Vulcan Foundry
Serial number1375–1386, 1412–1419, 1699–1718, 1813–1827
Build date1893–1902
Total produced55
Rebuild date1908–1940
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 •  Whyte 0-6-0
Gauge 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Driver dia.5 ft 0 in (1.524 m)
Wheelbase 16 ft 0 in (4.88 m)
Loco weight38 long tons (38.6 t; 42.6 short tons); C2 class
45 long tons (45.7 t; 50.4 short tons) C2X class
Fuel type Coal
Fuel capacity4 long tons (4.1 t; 4.5 short tons)
Water cap.2,420 imp gal (11,002 L; 2,906 US gal)
Boiler pressure160  psi (1.10  MPa) C2 class
170 psi (1.17 MPa) C2X class
Cylinders Two, inside
Cylinder size 17.5 in × 26 in (444 mm × 660 mm)
Performance figures
Tractive effort 18,050  lbf (80.3  kN) C2 class
19,175 lbf (85.3 kN) C2X class
Career
Operators
Power class2F
Withdrawn1935–1950 C2 class
1957-1962 C2X class
DispositionAll Scrapped

The London, Brighton and South Coast Railway C2 class was a class of 0-6-0 steam locomotives, intended for heavy freight trains. Fifty-five were built by the Vulcan Foundry between 1893 and 1902 to the design of Robert J. Billinton. Forty-five of these were later rebuilt between 1908 and 1940, with a larger boiler as the C2X class.

Contents

C2 class

In January 1891, Robert Billinton was given authority to build ten new 0-6-0 freight locomotives, to supplement William Stroudley's C1 class of 1882-7. However, at the time, Brighton railway works was fully committed building Billinton's various classes of radial tanks and so tenders were sought from outside contractors. Ultimately the Vulcan Foundry agreed to construct these ten locomotives, and further orders were received at intervals until 55 had been purchased by February 1902. The class were therefore nicknamed 'Vulcans'. [1]

The new class were not as powerful as their predecessors but were found to be both reliable and also capable of running at speed, thereby enabling them to be used on secondary passenger and excursion duties. [2] As a result, a further ten were ordered from Vulcan Foundry, which were delivered 1893-4, and twenty five delivered 1900-1902.

Summary of orders [3]
Date orderedQuantityWorks numbersRunning numbersEntered service
August 1892101375–84433–442February–May 1893
September 189221385–86443–444June 1893
January 189481412–9445–452July–November 1894
October 1899151699–1713521–535August–November 1900
November 189951714–8536–540November 1900
October 1900151813–27541–555December 1901 – February 1902

All were built by Vulcan Foundry.

C2X class

C2X 32449 at Bricklayers' Arms 1958 Deptford near North Kent West Junction geograph-2658568-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg
C2X 32449 at Bricklayers' Arms 1958
32532, with double dome, at Three Bridges Depot 11 December 1948 Three Bridges Locomotive Depot Large Vulcan geograph-2980375-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg
32532, with double dome, at Three Bridges Depot 11 December 1948

During the first decade of the twentieth century the railway experienced a rapid growth in freight traffic and by 1905 their locomotives were no longer capable of hauling the heaviest trains without loss of time. Douglas Earle Marsh's initial response was to introduce his C3 class with a larger boiler in 1906, but the performance of these also proved to be disappointing.

However, in 1908 Marsh rebuilt one C2 with a larger diameter C3 steel boiler and an extended smokebox. [1] In doing so he created an excellent powerful freight locomotive that was classified "C2X", and nicknamed 'Large Vulcans.' The modification was so successful that twenty-nine out of the original fifty-five members of the class were similarly rebuilt by the end of 1912. [4] By this time the class were beginning to struggle to keep time when hauling the heaviest freight trains and began to be superseded on these by the K class 2-6-0 in 1913/14, but were nevertheless kept very busy during the First World War on military supply and munitions trains, and three further C2’s had been rebuilt by the end of 1922.

After the First World War Lawson Billinton acquired ten spare boilers for the class incorporating his own top feed apparatus. These were clearly visible when fitted because of the presence of a second dome. [5]

Grouping and Nationalisation

All of the C2 and C2X locomotives passed to the Southern Railway in 1923, and nine further examples were rebuilt during 1924-5, as the original boilers became due for replacement. However, the trade recession of the early 1930s caused a decline in freight traffic resulting in the withdrawal of seven of the remaining C2 locomotives by the end of 1937. The advent of the Second World War meant that four other survivors were rebuilt in 1939 and 1940 and that the remaining three unrebuilt C2 locomotives remained in service until after the nationalisation of the railways to British Railways in 1948. Those remaining were all withdrawn between 1948 and 1950.

The C2X locomotives remained in regular use on secondary freight trains for a further decade and most had completed very impressive mileages for freight locomotives before they were all withdrawn between 1957 and February 1962. The last two examples were based at Three Bridges and Brighton and had completed 1,340,578 mi (2,157,451 km) and 1,279,527 mi (2,059,199 km) respectively. [6]

No examples have been preserved.

Accidents and incidents

Locomotive Summary

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References

  1. 1 2 Bixley, Gerry (2010). "The LBSCR C2 and C2X goods engines". The Southern Way (9): 6–21. ISBN   9781906419288.
  2. ↑ Bradley, D.L. (June 1972). Locomotives of the London Brighton and South Coast Railway, Part 2. London: Railway Correspondence and Travel Society. p. 97. ISBN   0-901115-21-5. OCLC   749652689.
  3. ↑ Bradley (1972), pp. 97–99, 108.
  4. ↑ Bradley (1972), pp. 97–108.
  5. ↑ Bradley (1972), p. 103.
  6. ↑ Bradley (1972) p.108.
  7. ↑ Hoole, Ken (1982). Trains in Trouble: Vol. 3. Redruth: Atlantic Books. p. 22. ISBN   0-906899-05-2.
  8. ↑ Bradley, (1972), p.102.
  9. ↑ "BOMB DAMAGE AT WORTHING ROAD OCTOBER 1940 (HORSHAM - CHRIST'S HOSPITAL)". THE SUSSEX MOTIVE POWER DEPOTS. Retrieved 6 October 2020.
  10. ↑ Hoole, Ken (1983). Trains in Trouble: Vol. 4. Redruth: Atlantic Books. pp. 25, 40. ISBN   0-906899-07-9.
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